• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.19-39
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• 2017

Taking samples of data and using samples to make inferences about unknown populations are at the core of statistical investigations. So, an understanding of the nature of sample as statistical thinking is involved in the area of statistical literacy, since the process of a statistical investigation can turn out to be totally useless if we don't appreciate the part sampling plays. However, the conception of sampling is a scheme of interrelated ideas entailing many statistical notions such as repeatability, representativeness, randomness, variability, and distribution. This complexity makes many people, teachers as well as students, reason about statistical inference relying on their incorrect intuitions without understanding sample comprehensively. Some research investigated how the concept of a sample is understood by not only students but also teachers or preservice teachers, but we want to identify preservice secondary mathematics teachers' understanding of sample as the statistical literacy by a qualitative analysis. We designed four items which asked preservice teachers to write their understanding for sampling tasks including representativeness and variability. Then, we categorized the similar responses and compared these categories with Watson's statistical literacy hierarchy. As a result, many preservice teachers turned out to be lie in the low level of statistical literacy as they ignore contexts and critical thinking, expecially about sampling variability rather than sample representativeness. Moreover, the experience of taking statistics courses in university did not seem to make a contribution to development of their statistical literacy. These findings should be considered when design preservice teacher education program to promote statistics education.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.81-93
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to propose a specific and empirical continuous transaction strategy through service quality of improvement to small and medium Korean companies whose main business is B2B distribution and sale of general-purpose SW. Research design, data, and methodology - The research procedure is largely divided into two phases. In the first phase, the service quality, the customer satisfaction, and the continuous transaction research hypothesis and the verification are carried out. Experimental data were collected from 450 companies, CEO companies of SMEs innovation institutes, and 510 companies from medium and large enterprises. From September 15 to October 5, 2015, 215 questionnaires were used. And research hypothesis and test were conducted by SPSS SW Ver. 20. Results - The results of the study confirm that service quality has a positive effect on customer satisfaction and continuous transaction: as the detailed items for improving the service quality, 'responsiveness', 'assurance' and 'empathy' have been adopted. Therefore, there are critical factors of a company's survival through continuous transaction. Conclusions - Through this study, we confirmed that the survival of small businesses require continuous improvement in service quality. Among the factors improving service quality, empathy means service satisfaction of customers; so, it is necessary to continuously improve it by evaluating customer satisfaction. Responsiveness means rapid response to customer needs and reliability; it is necessary to enhance customer responsiveness by continuous job training and service training. Finally, assurance is the same as sales product or after service. This means that it is necessary to not only issue the "supply contract," but also improve the reliability of the sales product by securing the competence of the consulting professional. However, because the service quality measurement factors selected in this study are the measurement factors that are mainly applied to large companies or those in the service industries, it is important to consider the type of sales of software distribution companies.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2018

Purpose - In hotel industry, quality of leader-member exchange(LMX) relationship is very critical, because it impacts on the employee's work attitude and behaviors. Thus, this research examines the effect of LMX on employee loyalty in the context of hotel business and identifies mediating roles of work stressors, work role performance in the relationship between LMX and employee loyalty. This research suggests the guidelines for how hotel leaders should manage their employees and build employee loyalty that improve management and business performance. Research design, data, and methodology - This study tests the structural relationship between LMX, work stressors, work role performance, and employee loyalty. Work role performance divide into three sub-dimensions such as individual task proficiency, individual task adaptivity, and individual task proactivity. In order to examine the purposes of this research, research model and hypotheses were developed. All constructs were measured with multiple items developed and tested in the previous studies. The data were collected from 113 franchise hotel employees and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3 program. Result - The findings of this research are as follows. First, leader-member exchange(LMX) have significant positive impacts on work stressors, work role performance, and employee loyalty. Second, work stressors have significant negative impacts on work role performance and employee loyalty. Third, work role performance has significant positive impact on employee loyalty. Conclusions - The outcomes of this research indicate that hotel leaders should focus on the dyadic relationship with their employees how to improve employee productivity through LMX relationship. In turn, the quality of this relationship influences employees's work attitudes and behaviors. As a result of increasing job demands in hotel business which relies heavily on human resources, the hotel leader must find ways to prevent or reduce stressors and associated strains. If hotel employees perceive the high quality of LMX relationship, they improve their work role performance which influences loyalty. Therefore, the hotel leaders should develop monetary or non-monetary reward system for the employees and, make an efforts to have unique social exchange relationships with employees.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2016

Purpose - In order for actively pursuing medium and long term policies of Gangwon region to be effectively and efficiently driven, efficacious and practical development strategies are needed. In terms of regional revitalization in most regions that are dependent on the primary industry like Gangwon-do Province, the maintaining of local community becomes difficult and there are limitations on the support from the central government and local governments. Therefore, local communities need to implement measures not only to be financially independent but also maintain and activate themselves. And community business can be adopted to be a proper strategy to cope with this change. This study drew importance of a community business model appropriate for Gangwon-do region to figure out success factors. Research design, data, and methodology - This study aimed to come up with importance of community business model for Gangwon-do region by using AHP Method. AHP Method, which was developed by Professor Saaty in 1970', is a methodology to simplify complex problems for a rational decision making. A survey targeting related public officials and expert group was carried out and a total of 30 questionnaires were collected for the analysis. Results - Analysis model used in this study was to prioritize community business models of Gangwon-do region. The second hierarchy was divided according to local restoration type, local resource utilization type, environment improvement type, and life support type. The third hierarchy consisted of 5 items such as network, the middle structure, program, government support, and human resources to measure each importance. As a result, in the second hierarchy, local resource utilization type had the highest importance. In the third hierarchy, the middle structure had the highest importance, followed by government support, program, network, and human resources. Collectively, the results suggested that important critical factors of community business model of Gangwon-do region was the importance of local resource utilization model and the middle structure. Conclusions - Not only should projects that are already operating in the region but next community business projects that are planning in the Gangwon-do region should be practically operated in view of the importance and the models derived from this study.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2018년도 전력전자학술대회
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• pp.177-179
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• 2018

After Fukushima nuclear accident at 2011, nuclear industrial has been focused on operation and maintenance phase, not design and construction phase. Continued good operating performance of nuclear power plants has been the best critical issue to nuclear utilities. Replacement for complete components as well as parts of components is being procured because nuclear utilities must maintain safety and reliability of operating nuclear power plants. However, many suppliers and manufacturers are giving up a nuclear quality assurance program under reduction in new construction of nuclear power plants. It is able to be increased difficulty in procuring spare parts to support operations and maintenance of nuclear power plants. Over 20% of nuclear power plant equipment in some countries is obsolete. Owing to obsolescence of nuclear safety-related items and/or withdrawing a nuclear quality assurance program of suppliers and manufactures, some replacement item and part might be procured to the item not covered by appendix B to USNRC 10 CFR Part 50. Under various methods of the nuclear repair and replacement methodology, utilities are supposed to establish a typical program for a repair and replacement of an electrical equipment and its parts in conjunction with a nuclear quality assurance. Concerning this typical program, this study suggests the repair and replacement methodology of electrical equipments used in nuclear power plants by procurement of a power supply, based on nuclear regulations, codes, standards, guidelines, specific and general technical information, etc..

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.25-55
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• 2000

AS the number of tourist has been increased. hotel industry will be able to not be existed and developed if not adapted to the need of customer's which is changed according to the change of Hotel's function. Traditionally. F&B department is enlarged compared to the past. But. it cause negative result in terms of clear profit. A menu is a marketing tool which delivers restaurant's image aid message to customers and communicate need and wants to restaurant. So far, studies on menu have been done in an analytical way from a management's viewpoint and inadequate to reflect customer's need and wants. A research on customer's menu selection procedure is critical to satisfying their needs and wants yield profit. This study examined the theories on menu-design and customer behavior through literature review and verified hypotheses through an empirical analysis. A questionnaire-survey had been used in luxury hotel's main grills and all most restaurants in Seoul. Collected data were analyzed. using SPSS/PC+ package. The important findings are as follows. In this study is to examine the factors that have an influence on customer's menu selection. The factors affected the customers' menu selection of hotel restaurant in the four factors. Four factors are hotel's restaurant of environmental factor. menu-choice factor. value of menu items, information. Correction between the evaluation criteria and selection of menu was examined. All four evaluation criteria, menu-choice factor was found to be most strongly collected with selection of menu. In conclusion, As a study on the Customer' menu Selection Behavior factor of Restaurant Menus in Hotels, It raises to exert us in the menu management of hotel restaurant.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2018

When developing projects to build facilities to be shared by both military bases and surrounding communities, strategies are needed to achieve two objectives: 1) minimize missteps and opposition from local communities in the process of developing and implementing such projects, and 2) promote cost-benefit optimization and user-satisfaction. With aim of promoting co-operation and co-existence between military bases and adjust communities, this research proposes esthetical factors to be considered in conceiving civil-military sharing facilities. It seeks experts' opinions on the development of civil-military sharing facilities, and examines critical factors (economic feasibility, security, and satisfaction, etc.) for project development as well as building types suitable for shared-use between military bases and local residents. It then establishes a method to prioritize facility-type and narrow down design factors (considerations and restrictions) in project development by applying quantitative analysis. The methodological approach of the research employs the Delphi survey method to quantitatively analyze qualitative information drawn from experts' opinions. At the first round of the survey, facility types, items for consideration and restrictions are drawn, and then at the second round of the survey, criticality of each item is analyzed. Finally, it reaches a conclusion on suitability of facility types for civil-military sharing facilities, and selects project considerations and restrictions when developing this kind of project.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.621-628
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• 2023

본 연구는 항공기용 부품 및 장비품 중 치명성 부품인 수송류 항공기용 금속계 제동패드의 부품등제작자증명 및 부가형식증명을 위한 원 부품 등과 개발품의 설계 동일성 입증을 위한 역설계 절차를 도출하였다. 역설계 절차에 대한 규정은 우리나라의 경우 부품등제작자증명 지침에 의해 규정되며, 미국의 경우 AC No; 21.303-4에 규정되어 있다. 제동패드의 역설계 절차는 각 구성품별 샘플 수량, 치수공차, 기계적 물성 측정, 자재, 무게 및 부피특성 등의 동일성 확인 항목을 선정하여 각각의 세부 절차를 정의하였다. 아울러 우리나라 및 미국의 연방항공규정을 분석한 결과, 우리나라의 경우 수송류 항공기용 제동장치의 기술표준품 표준서 및 비행시험과 관련된 규정의 제정이 필요하다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.768-777
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 이동 애드혹 네트워크에서 널리 사용되는 AODV 라우팅 프로토콜과 통신 노드의 이동성 때문에 발생하는 통신 경로 단절 등의 문제를 해결하기 위해 다중 경로설정을 지원하는 AODV 기법을 기반으로 개선된 다양한 연구 결과들을 분석한다. 그리고 AODV 기법이 사용하는 홉 기반 라우팅 기법의 문제점을 분석하고, 이를 개선하기 위해 홉 수를 주 메트릭으로 사용하면서 보조 메트릭으로 경로 지연시간의 합을 사용하는 새로운 C-AODV 라우팅 프로토콜을 설계하고, NS-3 네트워크 시뮬레이터에 구현하여 성능평가를 수행한다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 성능평가 결과를 토대로 C-AODV 기법이 기존 AODV 기법과 비교하여 성능이 어느 정도 개선되는지 비교 분석하고 앞으로 개선할 사항 등을 제시한다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2023

Purpose: This study proposes measures needed to implement a job-based national practical exam for dental technicians. Methods: For this study, a survey was conducted targeting 244 currently employed individuals. The current national practical test for dental technicians was divided into directions for the job-based practical test, subjects that need improvement among the current practical test subjects, items that need to be reflected in the practical test evaluation for each subject, and subjects that need to be added to the practical test. It comprised ten questions (Cronbach's α=0.801). Results: The following results were obtained. Satisfaction with the current practical test was lower than average. Future improvement should focus on job-based evaluation. The dental ceramic lab technology subject needs to be reorganized urgently, and the tasks that require evaluation for each subject are different. Moreover, if evaluation subjects are added in the future, the introduction of assessment for dental CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) subjects was found to be the most urgent. Conclusion: In this study, the most necessary tasks of the current national practical examination for dental technicians were evaluated and the content needed for future reorganization was investigated. Future tests should be expanded to evaluate critical job areas. Furthermore, it is necessary to open new courses in fields such as CAD/CAM, as they are in high demand in the workplace.