• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 2020

Metformin is a recommended first-line therapy drug for type 2 diabetes patients. However, compared to other oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD), metformin has a large unit dosage, with bioavailability of 40-60%. This limiting bioavailability is because metformin is absorbed only in the upper gastrointestinal tract as a BCS class 3 drug. Hence, we propose that applying the Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System (GRDDS) and extending drug release time in the stomach will result in improved bioavailability. We selected the swelling type delivery system, as it is considered the most stable gastroretention technology compared to other GRDDSs. We modified the swelling excipient by using a natural swelling excipient to form a swelling tablet made of carrageenan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Our results indicate that the swelling complex tablet made of carrageenan and HPMC has a good swelling ability and shows required sustained release in a dissolution pattern. In addition, the carrageenan complex has a better swelling ability than the marketed metformin tablet, as determined by the ratio, (swelling ability)/(excipient weight). Taken together, our results indicate that the carrageenan complex can be developed as a good swelling excipient. Further optimizations are required for the commercialization of the carrageenan complex.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2011

Recently, superconductor flywheel energy storage systems (SFESs) have been developed for application to a regenerative power of train, a power quality improvement, the storage of distributed power sources such as solar and wind power, and a load leveling. As the high temperature superconductor (HTS) bearings offer dynamic stability without the use of active control, accurate analysis of the HTS bearing is very important for application to SFESs. Mechanical property of a HTS bearing is the main index for evaluating the capacity of an HTS bearing and is determined by the interaction between the HTS bulks and the permanent magnet (PM) rotor. HTS bearing rotor consists of PM and iron collector and the proper dimension design of them is very important to determine a supporting characteristics. In this study, we have optimized a rotor magnet array, which depends on the limited bulk size and performed various dimension layouts for thickness of the pole pitch and iron collector. HTS bearing rotor was installed into a single axis universal test machine for a stiffness test. A hydraulic pump was used to control the amplitude and frequency of the rotor vibration. As a result, the stiffness result showed a large difference more than 30 % according to the thickness of permanent magnet and iron collector. This is closely related to the bulk stiffness controlled by flux pining area, which is limited by the total bulk dimension. Finally, the optimized HTS bearing rotor was installed into a flywheel system for a dynamic stability test. We discussed the dynamic properties of the superconductor bearing rotor and these results can be used for the optimal design of HTS bearings of the 10kWh SFESs.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.720-731
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• 2001

Complexity metrics have been developed for the structured paradigm of software development are not suitable for use with the object-oriented(OO) paradigm, because they do not support key object-oriented concepts such as inheritance, polymorphism. message passing and encapsulation. There are many researches on OO software metrics such as program complexity or design metrics. But metrics measuring the complexity of classes at the OO analysis phase are needed because they provide earlier feedback to the development project. and earlier feedback means more effective developing and less costly maintenance. In this paper, we propose the new metrics to measure the complexity of analysis classes which draw out in the analysis based on RUP(Rational Unified Process). By the collaboration complexity, is denoted by CC, we mean the maximum number of the collaborations can be achieved with each of the collaborator and determine the potential complexity. And the interface complexity, is denoted by IC, shows the difficulty related to understand the interface of collaborators each other. We verify theoretically the suggested metrics for Weyuker's nine properties. Moreover, we show the computation results for analysis classes of the system which automatically respond to questions of the user using the text mining technique. As a result of the comparison of CC and CBO and WMC suggested by Chidamber and Kemerer, the class that have highly the proposed metric value maintain the high complexity at the design phase too. And the complexity can be represented by CC and IC more than CBO and WMC. We can expect that our metrics may provide us the earlier feedback and hence possible to predict the efforts, costs and time required to remainder processes. As a result, we expect to develop the cost-effective OO software by reviewing the complexity of analysis classes in the first stage of SDLC(Software Development Life Cycle).

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.547-573
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• 2011

In this study, using a questionnaire about camp programs, we surveyed 375 gifted education institutes, including 285 classes for the gifted, 70 institutes for the gifted at education offices, and 20 institutes for the gifted at universities. The survey questionnaire consists of questions relating to camp design, camp operation, and camp introspection. The questions relating to camp operation are subdivided into questions relating to content, process, product, and learning environment of the camp. In the analysis of camp design, experience-centered camps entailing visits to research institutes, science museums, and so on showed the highest ratio. The camps were generally carried out in summer vacation as two day/one night programs. The average score of camp content was 3.72, that of camp process was 3.78, that of camp product was 3.77, and that of camp environment was 3.58. In the analysis of camp introspection, the item 'a lack of information about diverse camp activities' showed the highest difficult thing. Integrating these results, we suggest that information about diverse camp activities should be developed and supplied and the camp environment strengthen the freedom of students to select camp activities.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.3 s.120
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• pp.453-467
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• 2007

This study has shown that geography teachers need the professionalism in a Teaching and learning aspect. Together with the transition of epistemology and the operation of the Subject Matter-based curriculum, etc the demand for professionalism of teachers is much higher than ever. But the less discussion about what the professionalism of geography teachers based on subject traits and its components are has been mentioned. Especially the previous studies related with geography teachers usually distinguished the contents from the methods in the geography teaching in a dichotomy and tried to apply to a class model in the theoretical aspects, so they $didn't^{\circ}{\varnothing}t$ present the enough measures to improve the professionalism of geography teachers in the synthetic aspects. In this study, after I found the components of professionalism required to geography teachers in a teaching and learning, I tried to present measures to improve the professionalism of geography leathers in the macroscopic aspects. The geography teacher should be a teacher to design a region as a process than a result, and a teacher as a reflective practitioner than a technical practitioner. The improvement of professionalism should be achieved through the process of cooperation with an educational reflection in the individual aspects.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.77-99
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of GI-STEAM program on leadership, creative personality, and learning flow of elementary Gifted Students. GI-STEAM program was the convergence model of Group Investigation that belongs to Co-learning and STEAM framework of learning criterion. The participants were 16 gifted students in a Korean elementary school located in Gyeong-gi province. The experimental design was one group pretest-posttest design. After a pretest on leadership, creative personality, and learning flow was conducted, classes were carried out as GI-STEAM program for the gifted student and a post-test was conducted. The study results of the class that was conducted twelve times for two weeks are as follows. First, Individual area of leadership is meaningfully developed in statistics after GI-STEAM program. The sub-domains of leadership, such as the communication, organization management, society commitment and teamwork showed a statistically significant improvement. Second, the domain of creative personality didn't show meaningful difference after GI-STEAM program. However, the aesthetic in the sub-domains of the creative personality showed a statistically significant improvement. Third, learning flow was meaningfully developed in statistics after GI-STEAM program. The sub-domains of the leadership, such as the balance between challenge and ability, integration with behavior and consciousness, concrete feedback and Autotelic experience showed a statistically significant improvement. In conclusion, GI-STEAM is an effective program for improving ability of communication, aesthetic sensibility, which are core competency of 'creative-convergence' gifted students. For this reason, it is highly considered that various programs applying GI-STEAM should be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.39-54
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• 1987

One's Clothing Satisfaction, has a great influence on his role behavior in a society. Especially, as for the teacher's and the professors whose role is teaching, it can not be too emphaszed. Above all, high school girls and college women are the most likely to be influenced by their teachers' clothing behavior, to whom they pay their respect in every way. From this point of view, this study was aimed at explaining, the correlation between the teachers/professors' clothing behaviors and the learning efficiency. On clothing behaviors assessed 30 items related with the learning efficiency, selected from the instruments of preceding studies, and modified by the factors dealing with modesty, color, and design. The questionnaires were composed of two major categories: those for students and for teachers/progessors. The subjects of this study were included students and teachers/professors of high school and universities in Seoul. The data were analyzed statically by mean, standard Deviation, and F-test. The results of this study were summerized as follows; 1. The clothing behaviors of the teachers/professors influenced on the learning efficiency. Namely teachers' clothing satisfaction is in direct proportion to them teaching efficiency and students' learning efficiency. 2. Among the clothing behavior variables, modesty had a great influence on the learning efficiency, especially as for that of teachers more than professors. 3. The influence of the teachers'/professors' clothing behaviors on the learning efficiency showed no significance between high school girls and college women, but some significance between the grades of collegians. 4. As for the teachers'/professors' clothing behavior, male teachers/professors gave priority to design and female teachers/professors to modesty, color showed no significance between them irrespective of age. 5. As for the clothing behavior variabels, both the teachers/professors and the students showed some significance. In class the teachers/professors highly responded to their own clothing behaviors than the students. 6. According to priority the most favorable clothing colors for male teachers/professors are navy blue, gray, indigo blue, and black, and the most disgusting ones red, mud yellow, violet, pink, and green. The most favorable clothing colors for female teachers/professors are beign, white, pale yellow, and black, and the most disgusting ones red, mud yellow, and yellow and yellow according to priority. It is that teachers/professors should wear modestly and in color harmony to invite the desirable students' will to study. Teachers'/professors' colorful appearance and heavy toilet bring about a drop in the students' will to study.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2014

In this study, in order to analyze customers' space satisfaction, ten modern high-class Korean restaurants, five in New York and another five in Seoul, that were opened or remodeled after 2008 were selected and satisfaction characteristics survey of 197 customers who use these Korean restaurants was conducted by using Likert 5-point scale. The study results(a high reliability was obtained showing the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of average 0.895 for all questions) were analyzed for the frequency, percentage, mean, etc. and the mean between groups were comparatively analyzed by conducting the t-test, Duncan's test by using the SPSS 18.0 statistical program. The results are as follows. First, the results of customers general characteristic comparative analysis, all the Seoul and New York customers have comparatively high academic ability, high income and eating-out expenses. The main customers in Seoul were the women in their thirties and forties while those in New York were mainly in their forties and fifties both men and women at similar rate. Second, as to the satisfaction with the interior, the satisfaction with finishing materials was little higher in New York as Seoul (3.30 points) and New York (3.86 points). The satisfaction with color was relatively higher in Seoul (3.66 points) and relatively lower in New York (3.18 points). As the satisfaction with furniture and decorating accessories was relatively lower in both Seoul (3.10 points) and New York (3.48 points). The satisfaction with space size in Seoul (the total space size: 3.99 points, private space size; 3.90 points) was relatively higher than that in New York (the total space size: 3.46 points, private space size; 3.28 points). The satisfaction with interior and exterior in both Seoul (exterior: 3.63 points, interior: 3.40 points) and New York (exterior: 3.28 points, interior: 3.39 points) were average. For the satisfaction of environment, Seoul (3.42 points) was slightly lower than that of New York (3.56 points). Third, the result of customers' satisfaction in Seoul and New York showed no commonality. Therefore in order to be renewed as the Korean restaurants with high customer satisfaction, it is expected that the Korean restaurants located in Seoul and New York need to plan the space by considering their customers' characteristics and satisfactions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.191-199
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• 2015

The Journal of Digital Policy & Management. This space is for the abstract of your study in English. In this paper, we propose a u-convergence Tourist Information 3.0 System using Flow Theory. It generates a sense of u-challenge and u-skills to maximize the enjoyment of tourists is u-convergence Tourist Information 3.0. This is a challenge to good sense and adjust the rating of the Convergence Contents information quality(CCIQ) analysis to maximize the enjoyment of tourists. Convergence Contents information quality(CCIQ) of the conductive continuity of the content closed antecedents u-conductive sense, the tourist synchronization adequacy may generate data that can be analyzed. Content Information Quality of rating is the leading factor in the ability of the u-skill mastery of tourists, can generate data availability. The result is to create a meta-model is referred to as content information to reach the best quality maximize enjoyment. Design a sense of u-challenge the skill of the information quality of the tourist information content has the advantage of being able to identify the data formation has the pleasure of tourists. By applying to future national competent standard it is expected to maximize the enjoyment of the job.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.171-183
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze in advance the problems and improvements that may occur during the construction of intermediate slabs and the loading of intermediate slabs through the preliminary structural safety evaluation of intermediate slabs for Test bed structures in deep depth tunnels. The Test bed construction can verify and confirm the results of the design and construction technology development of large depth double deck tunnel through the process, and can also be used as a learning site for engineers and the general public to speed up the time of underground space development. There will be an opportunity to do this. In particular, the design load of middle slab built inside the circular deep-depth double-sided tunnel cross-section varies depending on the construction method and the construction equipment load used. Class 3 truck load of KL-510 assumed to be common load to upper and middle slab during loading and installation is loaded on upper and lower slab with different working position for each load combination Analyzed.