• Educational Technology International
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.169-202
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• 2023

This study aims to develop instructional design strategies included in educational programs that can effectively improve the educational data literacy of pre-service teachers. We used the design and development model proposed by Richey and Klein and investigated its internal and external validity. Internal validity assessment involved the input of five experts who evaluated the initial instructional strategies. We conducted an educational data literacy education program with 29 pre-service teachers from Korean colleges and graduate schools for external validity. The effectiveness of the program was verified by the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test, which revealed a meaningful statistical difference between Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test post-scores after the four weeks of online classes. Therefore, this study developed instructional strategies followed by the steps of data-based decision-making: the final instructional strategies encompass 21 strategies, categorized for implementation before, during, and after classes, accompanied by 38 detailed guidelines. This approach bears notable significance as it encapsulates actionable and effective instructional strategies thoughtfully tailored to the unique circumstances and educational setting of the field, as well as the specific characteristics and requirements of the learners.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.723-729
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop a program based on the Earth system based program to help students achieve science literacy. This program was designed to be connected across grade levels, and contents of the program were constructed to have meaningful interdisciplinary context. All the activities in the program were inquiry-based, and understanding of the nature of science was considered essential throughout the program. In addition, appreciation and stewardship for the Earth system were systematically emphasized on any grade level. Design of the program applied U.S. National Science Education Standards for the quality of and conditions for school science programs.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Purpose: Cyber criminals have affected various markets and the banking system has encountered various kinds of cyberattacks. The purpose of this study is to analyze cybercrime that is an emerging threat and investigate the significant contribution of financial literacy and public awareness on cybercrimes. To understand the security issues and the need for corrective steps, the techniques and strategies used by cyber fraudsters in obtaining unauthorized access and use the financial information for purpose of fraud need to be understood. Research design, data and methodology: A sample of 123 banks employees from 12 commercial banks in Malaysia was surveyed. This study differs from previous studies as it surveyed the employees' awareness, and this approach fills in the gap in existing literature. Results: The financial literacy and public awareness have positive impact on organizational performance effectiveness to combat threat of cybercrime. Some recommendations are also proposed from research findings, for banking industry and government regulations. Conclusion: The present study focuses on banking sector so its findings cannot be generalized to other sectors. Linking these topics has created a new study in combating threat of cybercrimes generally, and specifically in Malaysia. The present study enhances the understanding of customers' role to combat the impact of cybercrimes on performances of banking industry.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of cognitive flexibility and e-learning digital literacy on the learning flow of nursing students who had experienced e-learning. Methods: The research design for this study was a descriptive survey using convenience sampling. Data were collected using online questionnaires completed by 134 nursing students in Andong city and Pocheon city. The data were analyzed using percentages, mean values, standard deviations, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS for Windows version 22.0. Results: Positive correlations were found between learning flow and e-learning digital literacy (r = .43, p < .001), between learning flow and cognitive flexibility (r = .52, p < .001), and between e-learning digital literacy and cognitive flexibility (r = .65, p < .001). In the multiple regression analysis, cognitive flexibility (β = .42, p < .001) was a significant predictor that explained 27.8% of variance in learning flow. Conclusion: The results of this study show that cognitive flexibility is a factor influencing learning flow in nursing students. Based on the results of the study, educational programs aiming to improve learning flow should include methods that improve cognitive flexibility.

• Fourth Industrial Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2024

Purpose: This study is based on the results of the National Information Society Agency's the Report on the Digital Divide in 2022. This study sought to develop digital literacy education programs for senior citizens, a digitally disadvantaged group, and to utilize smart devices to enhance their digital capabilities. Research design, data and methodology: Based on Gagné's nine events of instruction, a total of 7-session educational programs using smart devices were developed, and teaching-learning goals were set at a level that older learners can realistically perform. In preparation for the era of digital transformation, AI utilization methods are introduced and utilized in some sessions of the educational program. Results: Among a total of 7 sessions of the educational program, 5 sessions using KakaoTalk and Naver App, and 2 sessions using other apps were developed. There are a total of three sessions using AI. Conclusions: This study presented a digital literacy education program that combined AI, addressing the insufficiency of AI-based education programs targeting senior citizens. It is expected that this educational program will be able to improve the digital literacy skills and provide a basis for fulfilling their responsibilities as digital citizens by suggesting a direction for AI utilization education for senior citizens.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.69-77
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• 2015

Purpose - Economic status at an early stage of life after one's retirement is often determined by the long-term sacrifice of one's earlier consumption tendencies. In general, the first and foremost way to secure income after retirement is through annuity savings. People sign up for personal annuity savings in order to guarantee a stable economic life upon retirement, and such actions may be heavily influenced by self-efficacy. Confidence in current economic activity is a source of rational decision-making. Inability to achieve self-control can lead to reckless spending and the eventual hindering of proper investment for the future. This paper examines how self-efficacy and self-control affect the intention and action of enrolling in an annuity savings plan in relation to one's level of financial literacy. Research design, data, and methodology - To analyze the proposed model, this study investigates financial consumers over the age of 20. The data were collected from 511 respondents and analyzed with SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. First, for the one-dimensional test and to measure the convergent validity of each structure, we use the scale purification process. The results of the test and the confirmatory factor analysis ensure the focus of the validity of the single dimension for each structure. In addition, the validity of the measurement was guaranteed from the results of correlation analysis. Results - First, self-efficacy and self-control have positive effects on the purchasing intention of the personal annuity savings plan. Second, purchasing intention positively affects purchasing behavior. Lastly, self-control has a positive effect on purchasing intention among the low financial literacy group, whereas self-efficacy does not have this effect in the high financial literacy one. Conclusions - The time of product benefit is different with age. The younger group would be granted the savings after several decades once they enroll, whereas the older group would wait for a relatively shorter period of time. Therefore, further research should be conducted in order to verify such a difference. However, this study has value through its confirmation that the roles of self-efficacy and self-control play a part in leading to the enrollment in annuity savings plans and by verifying different effects based on levels of financial literacy. Such results suggest a number of implications in a real life setting. First, banks need to put greater emphasis on the stability of annuity savings in general. Second, customers with relatively low levels of financial literacy are able to control their finances through annuity savings, but find self-efficacy difficult due to a lack of financial understanding. Therefore, such customers should be approached from an invest-effectiveness comparison method. Third, customers with high financial literacy tend to put more value in rational economic decision-making and behavior than in self-efficacy. Therefore, such customers should be approached by promoting the reliability of annuity savings and the excellence of the specific bank's annuity savings plan in comparison to those of other financial institutions.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.297-318
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a high school home economics financial consumer education program based on backward design and validation by experts. The program was designed and developed by first selecting learning content elements through a review of existing research and an analysis of relevant literature. The next step was to categorize these elements into seven themes and apply the backward design instructional design model 2.0. The program was prepared in the form of a 21st teaching-learning course plan and workbook and was verified by nine home economics teachers with working experience in high school. The evaluation revealed that the average value for all questions was 3.81 (out of 4 points) and the CVR was .99, indicating that the program was valid. In addition, positive evaluations were received in terms of learning goals, content level, and learner participation by class. This study has significance in that a systematic financial consumer education program was developed by Education of Home Economics to improve the financial literacy of high school students. It can therefore be used as an elective course (mini-course) in Home Economics in the high school credit system. A follow-up study will be required to assess the improvement in financial literacy after implementing this program.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.290-305
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• 2015

In this study, we analyzed exhibitions and programs of Daegu National Science Museum in terms of levels of science communication and domains of scientific literacy. Also, we surveyed visitors' perceptions on the exhibitions. As results of analysis on science communication level, 48.3% of exhibitions and programs corresponded to the 1st generation level, 49.0% corresponded to the 2nd generation level, and 2.7% corresponded to the 3rd generation level. In terms of domains of scientific literacy, the contents on 'design world' and 'the nature of technology' got a majority. Also, the results of visitors' perceptions on the exhibitions showed they preferred active exhibitions, that is the 2nd generation. It is recommended to develop more 3rd generation exhibitions and programs based on the paradigm shift about the role of science museums. And it is also recommended to carry out the task to raise consciousness of citizens about scientific literacy and science communication.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.31-42
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• 2021

This study is a study on theoretical considerations on industrial design data in the era of data economy. This study aims to illuminate the value of industrial design data, interpret the meaning of the transition from design management to the design data era, and highlight the importance of literacy to interpret data for designers. The scope of research approaches the R&D capability dimension of a company to explore the industrial value of design. It limits the scope of research from an industrial point of view rather than the humanistic basis and aesthetic value of design. As a result of the study, it was found that the value of industrial design data is not in ex post evaluation, but in customer-oriented market prediction, and that the design industry data-led strategy is important. The key point is that the industrial design data issues of large companies and SMEs are different, the direction of industrial design data should be to support customer-centered decision making in the product/service development of companies, and the core competency is the amount of data or tools and technologies to handle it. No, it should be in data literals. Lastly, if the use of industrial design data is to be strengthened, management of the public level rather than the personal level of data management should be preceded.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.5-24
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• 2011

Teachers must design instruction to meet effective teaching and learning before teaching implementation. The traditional models of instructional design such as Dick and Carey, ADDIE and ASSURE have been widely applied. However, the traditional models of instructional design have limitation in that students fail in deep understanding of subject content because of break down essential goal of the unit small pieces of contents. To solve this problem, Wiggins and McTighe have suggested backward design. Backward design is a method of designing instruction by setting evaluation before choosing activities or content to teach. Therefore, this study explores the effective teaching and learning by analyzing structure of backward design and appling backward design to 'Library and Information Life' subject for information literacy education. Backward design for 'Library and Information Life' subject applies the template which Wiggins and McTighe devised for instructional design.