• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6059-6064
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer is the second most frequent cancer in Malaysia. Nevertheless, there is little information on treatment and outcomes nationally. We aimed to determine the demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics of colorectal cancer patients treated at the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) as part of a larger project on survival and quality of life outcomes. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 1,212 patients undergoing treatment in UMMC between January 2001 and December 2010 were reviewed. A retrospective-prospective cohort study design was used. Research tools included the National Cancer Patient Registration form. Statistical analysis included means, standard deviations (SD), proportions, chi square, t-test/ANOVA. P-value significance was set at 0.05. Results: The male: female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean age was 62.1 (SD12.4) years. Patients were predominantly Chinese (67%), then Malays (18%), Indians (13%) and others (2%). Malays were younger than Chinese and Indians (mean age 57 versus 62 versus 62 years, p<0.001). More females (56%) had colon cancers compared to males (44%) (p=0.022). Malays (57%) had more rectal cancer compared to Chinese (45%) and Indians (49%) (p=0.004). Dukes' stage data weres available in 67%, with Dukes' C and D accounting for 64%. Stage was not affected by age, gender, ethnicity or tumor site. Treatment modalities included surgery alone (40%), surgery and chemo/radiotherapy 32%, chemo and radiotherapy (8%) and others (20%). Conclusions: Significant ethnic differences in age and site distribution, if verified in population-based settings, would support implementation of preventive measures targeting those with the greatest need, at the right age.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1996년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.58-67
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• 1996

This paper describes some computational results of various energy and environmental systems using Patankar's SIMPLE method. The specific topics handled in this study are jet bubbling reactor for flue gas desulfurization, cyclone-type afterburner for incineration, 200m tall stack for 500 MW electric power generation, double skin and heat storage systems of building energy saving for the utilization of solar heating, finally turbulent combustion systems with liquid droplet or pulverized coal particle. A control-volume based finite-difference method with the power-law scheme is employed for discretization. The pressure-velocity coupling is resolved by the use of the revised version of SIMPLE, that is, SIMPLEC. Reynolds stresses are closed using the standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ and RNG $k-{\varepsilon}$ models. Two-phase turbulent combustion of liquid drop or pulverized coal particle is modeled using locally-homogeneous, gas-phase, eddy breakup model. However simple approximate models are incorporated for the modeling of the second phase slip and retardation of ignition without consideration of any detailed particle behavior. Some important results are presented and discussed in a brief note. Especially, in order to make uniform exit flow for the jet bubbling reactor, a well-designed structure of distributor is needed. Further, the aspect ratio in the double skin system appears to be one of important factors to give rise to the visible change of the induced air flow rate. The computational tool employed in this study, in general, appears as a viable method for the design of various engineering system of interest.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.11-18
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• 1991

휘발성 유기물질(VOC)은 많은 경로를 통해 발생되는데, 독성이 있을뿐 아니라 발암물질을 포함하고 있으므로, 이들 물질 제거는 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 휘발성 유기물질 처리를 위해 활성탄을 사용할 경우 처리와 설계를 위해 흡착능력의 연구가 반드시 필요하다. 그러므로, 본 연구에서는 사용할 화합물에 대한 가스 상태의 등온흡착선을 물리적 특성과 액화상태의 등온흡착선으로 부터 예측하였다. 이를 위해 이용된 방법이 quantitative structure-activity relationships(QSAR) 방법이다. 가스 상태의 등온흡착선을 분자연결제수($^2{\chi}$)와 헨리의 계수, 또는 용해도와 가스 상태의 평형농도에 의해서 예측 할 수 있었다. 연구결과, Freundlich 모델을 근거로한 가스 상태의 등온흡착선은 ${\log}\;a_g=0.238\;^2{\chi}+0.573\;{\log}\;H_a+4.330(r^2=0.94)$ 이었다. 결과적으로, 저흡착능력 범위에서 Freundlich 이론을 근거로한 이 방법은 시간소비적 실험을 통하지 않고도 가스 상태의 등온흡착선을 예측할 수 있다는 것을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2012

This study is targeted on children's parks in Seogu, Daejeon with the goal of maximizing the usage and versatility of existing parks in the area by the survey and analysis of the general status of children's parks, land use near the parks, population, users, and traits of usage. For the purposes of this thesis this study has selected 65 of the children's parks in the Seogu District to monitor. It also focused on a number of these parks located in areas which underwent a lot of changes and needed an increase in usage and versatility. Based on the selection criteria, the four target parks, Wojeong, Meongwhack, Dosan and Wicdunjimi children's park were selected. The Survey shows that 55.9% of park visitors visited a park to 'rest and take a walk' and used 'main facilities' meaning resting facilities like pergola and benches. In the nighttime, the number of park visitors is so few because of safety problems. 50% of users were satisfied with parks. It shows that there are many respondents who want to recompose these parks as places for light exercise, resting, meeting, and as community symbols. Generally, these target parks don't reach their full potential and they also do not play their proper roles because they are hampered by the constriction of the law. These stick to an outdated idea of what a park should be like without considering the actual and practical needs of city dwellers. When it comes to the remodeling and refurbishing of these parks we have to rethink the planning process so that these parks may be more versatile and practical in order to accommodate the radical changes of users and patterns of usage.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권12호
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• pp.1317-1323
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 마찰교반용접된 Al7075-T651의 피로균열전파 거동에 미치는 시험편의 채취방향의 영향을 고찰하기 위한 것이다. 피로균열전파 실험은 마찰교반용접된 공시재로부터 모재와 용접재에 대하여 CT 시험편을 채취하여 일정응력확대계수범위 제어하에서 수행되었다. 균열이 용접선에 수직하여 전파하는 것(TL 시험편으로 명명)과 균열이 용접선과 나란히 전파하는 시험편(LT 시험편으로 명명)에 대하여 3가지 다른 응력확대계수범위에서 실험이 수행되었다. 시험편의 채취 방향에 따라 피로균열전파거동에 주요한 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. Paris 법칙에 적합시킨 결과 지수 m값은 WM-LT 시험편이 3.56으로 가장 높게 나타났다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.62-71
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• 2000

지하채굴작업에 의한 공동 및 폐갱 등은 지반침하 및 지표함몰현상의 주요 원인이 되며, 근접시공 지하구조물 또는 인근 구조물의 안정성 저해요소로 대두되고 있다. 이에 대한 대책방안으로 폐갱을 충진재로 채우는 보강시공을 수행하는 경우가 있으나 설계방법 및 안정성 해석방법이 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 폐갱 등 지하공동에 의한 주변지반의 영향권을 수치적으로 분석하고 실제 수치해석 과정에서 주변 암반의 장기거동을 고려할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 아울러 폐갱 인근의 구조적 안정성을 향상시키기 위하여 지하공동을 뒷채움재로 충진한 경우, 안정성 평가 및 암반의 거동을 수치적으로 분석할 수 있는 기법을 제시하였으며 불완전한 뒷채움재의 영향을 함께 고려하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.457-469
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• 2019

In this paper, a numerical solution is presented for supersonic flutter analysis of cantilever non-symmetric functionally graded (FG) sandwich plates. The plate is considered to be composed of two different functionally graded face sheets and an isotropic homogeneous core made of ceramic. Based on the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and linear piston theory, the set of governing equations and boundary conditions are derived. Dimensionless form of the governing equations and boundary conditions are derived and solved numerically using generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) and critical velocity and flutter frequencies are calculated. For various values of the yaw angle, effect of different parameters like aspect ratio, thickness of the plate, power law indices and thickness of the core on the flutter boundaries are investigated. Numerical examples show that wings and tail fins with larger length and shorter width are more stable in supersonic flights. It is concluded for FG sandwich plates made of Al-Al₂O₃ that increase in volume fraction of ceramic (Al₂O₃) increases aeroelastic stability of the plate. Presented study confirms that improvement of aeroelastic behavior and weight of wings and tail fins of aircrafts are not consistent items. It is shown that value of the critical yaw angle depends on aspect ratio of the plate and other parameters including thickness and variation of properties have no considerable effect on it. Results of this paper can be used in design and analysis of wing and tail fin of supersonic airplanes.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.431-440
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to explore the influence of structure coupling effect on structural damping of blade based on the blade vibration characteristic. For this purpose, the scaled blade model of NREL 5 MW offshore wind turbine was processed and employed in the wind tunnel test to validate the reliability of theoretical and numerical models. The attenuation curves of maximum displacement and the varying curves of equivalent damping coefficient of the blade under the rated condition were respectively compared and analyzed by constructing single blade model and whole machine model. The attenuation law of blade dynamic response was obtained and the structure coupling effect was proved to exert a significant influence on the equivalent damping coefficient. The results indicate that the attenuation trend of the maximum displacement response curve of the single blade varies more obviously with the increase of elastic modulus as compared to that under the structure coupling effect. In contrast to the single blade model, the varying curve of equivalent damping coefficient with the period is relatively steep for the whole machine model. The findings are of great significance to guide the structure design and material selection for wind turbine blades.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2020

Purpose: In the 4th industrial revolution, services that incorporate various smart technologies in the tourism sector have begun to gain popularity. Accordingly, academic discussions on smart tourism have also started to become active in various fields. Despite recent research, the definition of smart tourism is still ambiguous, and it is not easy to differentiate its scope or characteristics from traditional tourism concepts. Thus, this study aims to analyze the perception of smart tourism exposed online to identify the current point of smart tourism in Korea and present the research direction for conceptualizing smart tourism suitable for the domestic situation. Research design, data, and methodology: This study analyzes the perception of smart tourism exposed online based on 20,198 news data from portal sites over the past six years. Data on words used with smart tourism were collected from the leading portal sites Naver, Daum, and Google. Text mining techniques were applied to identify the social awareness status of smart tourism. Network analysis was used to visualize the results between words related to smart tourism, and CONCOR analysis was conducted to derive clusters formed by words having similarity. Results: As a result of keyword analysis, the frequency of words related to the development and construction of smart tourism areas was high. The analysis of the centrality of the connection between words showed that the frequency of keywords was similar, and that the words "smartphones" and "China" had relatively high connection centrality. The results of network analysis and CONCOR indicated that words were formed into eight groups including related technologies, promotion, globalization, service introduction, innovation, regional society, activation, and utilization guide. The overall results of data analysis showed that the development of smart tourism cities was a noticeable issue. Conclusions: This study is meaningful in that it clearly reflects the differences in the perception of smart tourism between online and research trends despite various efforts to develop smart tourism in Korea. In addition, this study highlights the need to understand smart tourism concepts and enhance academic discussions. It is expected that such academic discussions will contribute to improving the competitiveness of smart tourism research in Korea.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.594-603
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• 2016

본 연구는 철도역세권을 단순한 개발과 계획적 측면에서만 접근하지 않고, 실제 개발에 따른 도입 기능 및 프로그램이 지역의 발전과 주민 삶의 질에 어떠한 영향을 미치며, 궁극적으로 철도역세권 복합화를 통한 지역 활성화 방안에 대해 정책적 시사점을 제시해 보고자 하였다. 연구 방법은 역세권 주변 실거주민들을 대상으로 철도역세권 복합개발이 지역 활성화에 미치는 요소와 구조를 PLS 구조방정식을 활용해 실증 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 지역경제 활성화에는 마케팅 지원, 환승시스템 지원, 설계 및 디자인 지원, 복합용도 개발 지원, 법 제도 개선 등의 소프트웨어 요소들과 교통 기능, 정보교류 기능, 상업업무 기능, 주거 기능, 어메니티 기능 등의 하드웨어 요소들이 유효한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 지역주민 삶의 질 측면에서는 하드웨어적 요소가 유효한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었으나 소프트웨어적 요소나 네트워크적 요소는 유효한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 비해 네트워크 요소는 지역경제 활성화와 주민 삶의 질에 크게 기여하지 못하는 것으로 나타나 이에 관한 정책적 보완이 필요하다.