• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2007

In the world, the old population is growing fast and many countries went into an advanced age society. Therefore the development of everyday products, electric appliances, and welfare services considering old people is more important than ever. In particular, the complexity of products can cause many problems for old people. Universal design is an approach to create environments and products that recognizes the diversity of users, regardless of their ability or age. Universality evaluation for a product is very important to verify old people's accessibility and usability for the product. Universality means how good a product was designed in view of universal design principles. In this study, UNIX, a method to evaluate the universality of a product was developed. UNIX was based on seven universal design principles; equitable use, flexibility in use, simple and intuitive, perceptible information, tolerance for error, low physical effort, size and space for approach and use. UNIX is a kind of expert evaluation and very simple method. The method is consisted of two steps. In the first step, relative weights for seven principles and subjective ratings on design suitability for each principle are obtained. In the second step, universality index (UNIX) of each product is obtained by weighted average multiplying relative weights and rating scores. As a case study, this method was applied for mouse designs. In conclusion, this method could be effectively applied to evaluate the universality of a product.

• 교육시설
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2005

This paper is to propose a design possibility that incorporates participatory process and also to emphasize the participatory process applied to the planning of outdoor playground space open to the neighboring community. Community design based on the participation method can be understood as an attitude about a force for change in the creation and management of environments for people who are the major users of them. Planning for outdoor space is an integral part of school education and a vital component of child development. For the design of outdoor space of Samyang Elementary School it first needs to examine the current and emerging needs of students, teachers and parents as community residents through the participatory design method. A series of workshops and interviews are taken to identify dreams and ideal spaces of each group. An assessment of existing school spaces and design possibility of reprogrammed outdoor spaces are proposed to match the major demands of participants. Selected outdoor places are chosen and designed to accommodate options for various play settings and to make the school pleasant places where members of the neighborhood can gather for relaxation in restful surroundings.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.6-27
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• 2016

There has been a growing interest and enthusiasm for the application of virtual worlds in learning and training. This research proposes a design framework of a virtual world-based learning environment that integrates two unique features of the virtual world technology, immersion and interactivity, with an instructional strategy that promotes self-regulatory learning. We demonstrate the usefulness and assess the effectiveness of our design in the context of information security learning. In particular, the information security learning module implemented in Second Life was incorporated into an Introduction to Information Security course. Data from pre- and post- learning surveys were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the learning module. Overall, the results strongly suggest that the virtual world-based learning environment enhances information security learning, thus supporting the effectiveness of the proposed design framework. Additional results suggest that learner traits have an important influence on learning outcomes through perceived enjoyment. The study offers useful design and implementation guidelines for organizations and universities to develop a virtual world-based learning environment. It also represents an initial step towards the design and explanation theories of virtual world-based learning environments.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2006

In modem days when architectural materials have grave impacts on overall design expression, materials for architecture, especially finishing materials have become the most essential elements for the design expression, as architectural space and form have been. When it comes to the architectural materials, they can be conceived by visual and tactile sensory system and perceptional system which based on memory and experience. This study confirms how materials bring into effect on architecture in the sense of its design. The main subject of this analysis is expression method of architectural finishing materials. Also, this study finds out the relationship between finishing materials and the images of materials by analyzing the effect factor of architectural material expression with the perspectives of materials, formal and environments and by examining roles of the architectural materials in design. The material factor, in the expression of materiality, is how to make tectonic space and to vary the surface of building as finishing material design. The formal factor is related to set up the new direction in the architectural form and to create the dynamic and informal space. And the social and cultural environment as the effect factor gives new situation and context to architectural material expression. This principle enables us to use architectural materials as one of the important elements which express the whole characteristics of the area.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2001

Modern art has had a great impact on the concepts and the formal attributes of modern landscape design. This study aimed at examining the origins of modern landscape design languages especially in relation to the influence of find art during the modernist age. The formal reductionism of Cubistic paintings finally lead to the formulation of Geometrical Abstractionism which became the basic formal model for ˝Regular Style˝; one of the representative modern landscape style. This Regular Style is mostly based on the formal structure of ´Grids´, which was developed by many landscape designer like Eckbo, Kley and Halprin. On the other hand, the ´Bio-morphic Form´ originally used in Surrealistic Art became the formal model for ˝Organic Style˝; the other representative modern landscape style, developed mostly by the landscape designers like Church, Burle-Mark and Bye. Thus, ´Grids´ and ´Bio-morphic Form´ became the dual icons of modern art and modern landscape design. Although these modern landscape design styles were ground breaking departure from the conventional formal/informal tradition and expanded possibilities in formal experimentations, They also produced several crucial limitations originated from the scientific reductionism and autonomous aesthetics of modern art, like the physical and cultural discontinuation from surrounding environments and the formal alienation from the real life world, which gave rise to the emergence of post-modern thinking of landscape design.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제9호
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• pp.38-48
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to study the artistic characteristics of light and adjustment in space, and how meaningful this integral phenomenon is to human beings , whin a space is transformed into a dynamic subject by light. When we create a very unique space we need to adjust light in all environments and must recognize the substance of light in all human spaces. The study of interior design is dependant on the existence of these lights in space. Light plays a very integral role in life having great contingency in the artistic characteristics represented in space. Light is a non-materialistic substance. However, when this substance is realized as a materialistic , light has a very visual effect, having a pleasing and satisfying effect on humans. The artistic characteristic of light in interior space are represented through elements of tranquility , direction . recognition, symbolism , and design. Light has a limitless amount of potential for giving humans boundless possibilities in space and expression . By studying psychological and physical aspects of the flow of light we are able to enjoy its fruitful benefits in the space of interior architectural design.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2012

This study evaluated two educational spaces, one middle school and one high school in point of universal design. The survey method with an observation and measuring method was used. The subject were 238 students of a middle and a high school. They evaluated their schools according to 53 universal design related items which consisted of 5 principles. Findings were as follows ; 1) The width of passage between desk and desk was very narrow and there is the threshold at the door of classroom. The students evaluated them negatively, too. Also, they indicated that the size of individual locker was small and the corner of furniture was sharp. 2) The width of door and passage was narrow and the floor was not flat in restroom. The design quality such as color and finishes was not good. Also, the students evaluated all these items negatively. 3) The dining space was too big. That is, so many students takes meals in one big space. The dining tables were arranged in a long rows and the width between them was also so narrow to pass through. 4) The student of high school evaluated their educational environments more negatively than ones of middle high school. This means that the high school students were more dissatisfied with their school environment. The educational environment should be designed on the base of their students' needs.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2016

For the elderly with declining sensory due to aging, various sense stimulation factors provided in indoor environment is desirable healing environment. This study aims to propose the direction of sensory healing environment by adapting the richness of natural environment in indoor place based on the biophilic design theory with implementation method of sensory richness environment. The healing environment was limited to the ward in the beginning, but it has widened its range to the whole place, and the lobby is considered quiet important to healing. Therefore, this study selected lobby space of geriatric hospital as study subject. As for the study method, we deducted the analytic matrix focusing on the property and elements of the direct and indirect experience of nature appearing in the biophilic design theory, and analyzed the field investigation of subject space. Also, this study paid attention to point where the hotel lobby leads the change of emotional environment, and conducted analysis and comparison by deciding this is what the hotel and geriatric hospital should direct to. As the result, the biophilic design factor of hotel is actively expressed by complex direction of various factors, but as for the geriatric hospital, it was rather passive and simple in expression. The adaptation ratio between hotel and geriatric hospital was almost more than twice times difference in average.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.387-396
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• 2020

While tall buildings are an essential building type to accommodate an ever-growing urban population, as buildings become taller and taller, many design challenges arise. As floor spaces are repeated vertically, the occupants' natural horizontal circulation-based social interactions are limited. As buildings become ever taller, safe evacuation to the ground level becomes more challenging in emergencies. With respect to safety as well as serviceability, one of the most fundamental design challenges of exceedingly tall buildings is their structural systems that make the physical existence of tall buildings possible. While many different design solutions can be sought to resolve these issues as well as other design challenges of extremely tall buildings, this paper investigates the potential of conjoined towers to create more livable and sustainable vertical environments. Emphasis is placed on the social and structural capabilities of conjoined towers in providing enhanced social interactions and more efficient ultra-tall structures. The related brief history of conjoined towers is presented. To understand their current status, contemporary design practices of conjoined towers are discussed. Lastly, a new concept of superframed conjoined towers developed for exceedingly tall building complexes is introduced through design studies. Though envisioning future tall buildings is challenging, conjoined towers can be among the strong candidates toward more livable and sustainable vertical urbanism.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

Purpose: Various studies to solve the problem of increased energy consumption in the buildings are being carried out recently. Especially, the economic feasibility and insulation performance of the air-cap have been verified so that various studies regarding the reduction of building energy consumption have been carried out. However, previous studies regarding the air-cap were only carried out based on the verification of its insulation performance according to the size and attachment position of the air-cap. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest a detachable air-cap module for improving the performance of the windows, evaluate the performance based on cooling, heating and light environments and verify its effectiveness through a real-scale testbed. Method: In this study, the energy saving performance in the circumstance where there is no attachment of an air-cap (Case 1), the circumstance where there is the attachment of air-cap on the glass surface of window (Case 2) and the circumstance where there is the attachment of an air-cap on the window frame (Case 3) were compared in order to verify the performance of the detachable air-cap module (Case 4), and the electricity consumption of cooling, heating and lighting equipment to maintain the appropriate indoor temperature and Illuminance for each case was calculated and utilized as indicators for the performance evaluation. Result: The result of this study is as follows. 1) In this study, the detachable air-cap module which was easily detachable through the principle of the magnet was suggested. 2) When Case 4 is applied, the electricity consumption of cooling and heating equipment can be reduced by 27.5%, 13.2% and 3.4% in comparison with Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively. 3) When the air-cap is applied to the window, the lighting energy consumption increases by 4 % in comparison to the non application of the air-cap, and this factor or aspect should be considered when applying the air-cap. 4) According to the performance evaluation result in consideration of cooling, heating and light environments, Case 4 demonstrates an energy saving ratio of 22.6%, 10.6% and 2.7% in comparison to Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively, indicating that it is effective for improving the performance of windows.