• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.150-165
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• 2005

이 연구는 2003년 8월에서 2004년 8월까지 회복기 혹은 급성 정신병적 증상이 호전 된 뒤 사회복귀시설 혹은 낮 병원 등에서 재활치료 혹은 훈련을 받고 있는 정신분열병 환자를 대상으로 하여 주관적 및 객관적 우울증상의 정도와 그 우울증상에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 인구통계학적 요인, 임상적 요인 그리고 병식 등을 조사하여 정신분열병 환자의 우울증상에 영향일 미칠 수 있는 주요 요인들을 찾고 자 하였다. 연구대상자의 선발을 위해 PANSS, 추체외로증상 평가척도가 사용되었으며, 주관적 우울증상을 평가하기 위해 BDI와 ZDS, 객관적 우울증상을 평가하기 위해 HDRS와 CDSS, 병식 평가를 위해 KISP가 사용되었다. 최종 선발된 연구대상자는 80명이었으며, 남자가 56명(70.0%), 여자가 24명(30%), 평균 연령은 35.10세, 표준편차는 6.58이었다. 인구통계학적 특성에 따른 우울증상을 비교한 결과, 관찰자에 의한 객관적인 우울증상 비교에서 여자(CDSS; $7.00{\pm}3.33$, HDRS; $12.25{\pm}6.77$)가 남자(CDSS; $2.86{\pm}3.29$, HDRS; $6.21{\pm}6.98$)보다 유의하게 높았다(CDSS; p<0.001, HDRS; p<0.01). 교육수준에 따른 비교에서, BDI에서 중졸($24.80{\pm}19.20$), 고졸($11.10{\pm}9.51$), 전문대졸 이상($9.67{\pm}11.83$)의 순으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05).임상적 특성에 따른 우울증상의 비교한 결과, 발병 연령대와 관련한 분석에서, BDI에서 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.05), 20대 이후($23.75{\pm}15.31$), 20대 미만($16.45{\pm}13.97$), 20대($9.12{\pm}9.02$)의 순이었다. 자살시도 여부와 관련하여서는 HDRS에서 자살시도를 한 적이 있는 집단이($17.60{\pm}10.92$)이 그렇지 않았던 집단보다($6.66{\pm}5.72$) 성적이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 각 척도에서 절단 점수 이상의 성적을 받은 연구 대상자는 BDI 20명(25.0%), ZDS 16명(20.0%), CDSS 18명(22.5%) 그리고 HDRS에서는 6명(7.5%)이었다. 각 우울척도의 성적에 인구통계학적 요인과 임상적 요인, KISP의 성적이 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 단계적 중다회귀분석을 실시한 결과, BDI에서는 KISP와 학력(p<0.05), ZDS에서는 KISP와 종교(p<0.05), CDSS에서는 성별과 KISP, 그리고 HDRS에서는 자살시도 여부와 성별(p<0.05)이 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2014

This article is for understanding dementia with the perspective of Korean Medicine through research on syndrome differentiations of dementia clinically applied and relations between modern diseases and Korean Medicine pattern types of dementia. clinical papers were searched in China Academic Journals(CAJ) of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 2012 to 2013. Conclusions are as follows. First, dementia was expressed in many ways such as imbecility, stupidity, fatuity, idiocy, vacuity, etc and was related with amnesia, forgetfulness, speech not in the right order, depressive psychosis(quiet insanity), manic psychosis, depression syndrome. Second, prescriptions such as QiFuYin and ZuoGuiWan from JingYueQuanShu, XiXinTang and ZhiMiTang from BianZhengLu, TongQiaoHuoXueTang, XueFuZhuYuTang and BuYangHaiWuTang from YiLinGaiCuo, HaiShaoDan from YiFangJiJie, HuangLianJieDuTang from WaiTaiMiYao were suggested for dementia. Third, syndrome differentiation pattern types of dementia are kidney deficiency and marrow decrease, qi-blood depletion, liver-kidney depletion, spleen-kidney depletion, heart-spleen deficiency as deficiency patterns and effulgent heart-liver fire, ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang, qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm turbidity obstructing orifice, phlegm-blood stasis obstructing orifice, intense heat toxin as excess patterns and qi deficiency with blood stasis, yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity as deficiency-excess complex patterns. Major pattern types are kidney deficiency and marrow decrease, phlegm-blood stasis obstructing orifice, qi stagnation and blood stasis, liver-kidney depletion, phlegm turbidity obstructing orifice.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.711-724
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• 2000

I reached following conclusion through a bibliographic study about the drug dependence. 1. The drug dependence is the case that taking drugs continually in order to get around discomfort and get mental drug efficacy. that is also the state of poisoning that shows compulsions that using all means to get drugs. the drug dependence is coincident with alcolism in Oriental Medicine. 2 Medicinal matters that causes the drug dependence consist of two field. one is licit drugs, including a tranquilizer, a sleeping pill, anti-anxiety drug, alcohol, caffeine, tobacco, etc. the other is illict drugs, including opium products, psychostimulant, a hallucinogen, aromatic agent(adhesives, LSD, etc.) 3. Drugs that causes dependences has the habit which causing mental dependences and the medicinal poisining which causing physical dependences. 4. A syndrome of abstain from the drug which rides on all kinds of drugs is analogous to depressive psychosis, epilepsy, insanity, depressive syndromes, disorder of internal organs, histery, dizziness, etc. 5. The drug dependence causes visceral dysfunction, that is chiefly inflammatory lesion of brain, heart lung etc. (inflammatory lesions os mainly due to infect.) and injuries liver which removes toxic agents and kidney which is an excretory organ. 6. The treatment of the drug dependence, which needs at first check the medical record and the syndrome, is consist of the expectant treatment and isolating treatment as a rule and sometimes mental therapeutics is going on at the same time. 7. The oriental medical cure of the drug dependence needs more concrete study.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2017

Objectives A retrospective case series study was conducted to investigate the clinical characteristics of psychotic disorders induced by appetite suppressants, phentermine and phendimetrazine. Methods A retrospective electronic medical record review identified 5 admitted patients who had psychotic symptoms after taking phentermine or phendimetrazine. Clinical information was reviewed and summarized in each case. Results Hallucinations were reported in all cases, including auditory, visual, olfactory and somatic hallucinations. After discontinuation of phentermine or phendimetrazine, the symptoms rapidly improved with low dose of antipsychotics. Patients tended to have less prominent negative symptoms and higher insight into illness, and often showed depressive mood. These clinical characteristics were similar to psychosis induced by amphetamines. Two patients developed stimulant use disorder while using phentermine. Conclusions These findings call for awareness of the risks associated with use of appetite suppressants. Prescription of phentermine or phendimetrazine should be accompanied by close monitoring of mental status, and suspicion for substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.159-177
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• 1999

In the study on the mineral substance used in Dong Eu Bo Gam(range of 'Sin') and the recent prescription of china, the results were as follows. 1. According to Dong Eu Bo Gam, Realgar was used for Sa-Su most often and Gold-leaf, Succinum, especially Cinnabaris were used for amnesia, epilepsy, a general term of manic-depressive psychosis too. The most kinds of mineral substance used for epilepsy. 2. According to recent prescription of china, Fossilia Ossis Mastodi got the most, and Succinum, Cinnabaris, Lapis Chloriti, Haematitum, Magnetitum, Gypsum Fibrosum, Fossilia Dentis Mastodi, iron powder were used frequently. For external application, Sulfur was too. And most kinds of mineral substance were used for epilepsy and schizophrenia. 3. Realgar, Gold-leaf, Succinum, Cinnabaris, Lapis Chloriti, Haematitum, Magnetitum, Gypsum Fibrosum, Fossilia Dentis Mastodi, iron powder have drug effect for mental disease, especially for epilepsy induced by terror. 4. For Application of mineral substance, it should be considered that the chemical elements of mineral substance act on human body. 5. For drug effect, it is important to make clear of original prescription.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2007

Jeon-zeong(癲證) is mostly caused by anxiety and melancholy, impairment of heart and the spleen, or stasis of phlegm-Gi and heart confused by phlegm. Its manifestation are characterized by depression, expressionlessness, inclination for quietness, self muttering and hallucinating, caprice in crying and laughing, paraphasia, loss of appetite, unawareness of filth and cleanness, etc. We experienced a 50year-old man who bad brief psycbotic disorder that specified with Marked Stressor and whose condition was improved through oriental medical treatment. We treated the patient with Herbal medications and Giungoroen (至言高論)-wise saying and lofty opinion) and Relaxation therapy. After being treated, the patient showed that symptoms (insomnia, anxiety, depression) was improved considerably. This result suggests that oriental medical treatment has good effect on brief psychotic disorder due to Marked Stressor.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2003

Objectives : This study aimed investigation of clinical development to child neuropsychiatry through the oriental western medical approach of child neuropsychiatric disorders Methods : As DSM-IV and ICD-10 set a standard for clinical expression. According to this standard and oriental medical diseases, child neuropsychiatric disorders are divided into six symptoms Results and Conclusion : 1. View point of oriental medicine, Psycho Somatic stroke(inclusive of the spasm) place under the category 'Epilepsy(癎)', 'Children's fit(驚風)' and 'Chi-Kyeung(?痙)'. 2. View point of oriental medicine, Mental Retardation place under the category 'Dementia(?)', 'Amnesia(健忘)' and 'Speech Disorder(語遲)' 3. View point of oriental medicine, Emotional Disorder place under the category 'Adjustment Disorder(客?)', 'Cry with anxiety at night(夜啼症)', 'Gi-Byung(?病)' and 'Child depressive Disorder(小兒癲症)' 4. View point of oriental medicine, Conduct development Disorder place under the category 'Physical frail of five part(五軟)' and 'Physical stiff of five part(五硬)'. 5. View point of oriental medicine, Childhood Psychosis place under the category 'Insanity(癲狂)'. 6. View point of oriental medicine, Somatoform Disorder place under the category 'Palpitation of the heart(驚悸)', 'Vomiting and Diarrhea(吐瀉)', 'Asthma(喘)', 'Headache(頭痛)' and 'Enuresis(遺尿)'

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.177-193
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• 1998

It was the study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease to use clinical basic material date by the classic Literature, As a result The results were summerised as follows: 1. Principle of moxibustion-theraphy on fever of excess type is 'conducting heat with heat, (heat) had heat go out'. 2. Principle of moxibustion-theraphy on fever of defficiency type is 'Yin grows while yang is generating'. 3. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile - Disease is enable to use general term for manic-depressive psychosis, heat syndrome of febrile disease, heat (syndrome) of zang and fu(five solid organs and six hollow organs), jaundice, diabetes, hectic fever(due to yin-deficiency) etc. of medcine-disease. 4. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease is enable to using carbuncle, cellulitis, phlegmon, urticaria, disease due to noxious agents produced by various parasites, bite by dog, bite by snake etc. of surgical-disease. 5. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease is enable to using seven orfices of conjunctival congestion, blepharitis etc, of E.E.N.T-disease. 6. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease is enable to using epilepsy, infantile convulsion etc. of infantile-disease.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

This study covers pattern differentiation based on Korean medical references, research trend and modern clinical applications about Sleep-Wake disorders of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM-V) published by American Psychiatric Association. Insomnia disorder is mostly caused by yin deficiency of liver-kidney or liver qi depression and main patterns are heart-kidney non-interaction, deficiency-excess complex pattern containing phlegm-heat due to qi stagnation and blood stasis. Hypersomnolence disorder is more due to yang deficiency rather than yin deficiency and it's major pattern is spleen-kidney yang deficiency. Cataplexy is main feature in narcolepsy and corresponds to depressive psychosis or fainting in terms of Korean Medicine and narcolepsy is assumed to be relevant to liver wind. Breathing-related sleep disorders are related with phlegm-fluid retention brought on spleen deficiency with dampness encumbrance. Pattern of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders is combined with yin deficiency of liver-kidney or liver qi depression of insomnia disorder and spleen-kidney yang deficiency or dampness-phlegm of hypersomnolence disorder. Yin deficiency with effulgent fire brought on drugs or alcohol is one of main patterns of substance/medication-induced sleep disorder and combined patterns with yin deficiency of liver-kidney and blood stasis or dampness-phlegm-heat are mostly applied clinically. This study drew major and frequently applied patterns of sleep-wake disorders based on Koran medical literature and modern clinical applications. And that can be the groundwork for the task ahead like clinical practice guideline of sleep-wake disorders containing pattern differentiation, diagnosis and prescriptions.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.317-327
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• 2000

Through the study about Che-Qi-Jung(諸氣證) concerned with phenomenon of stress, we concluded as fallow. 1. Stressors are recognized three parts, internal cause, external cause, non-interexternal cause, in the oriental medicine. And the reaction of the body about stressors, was expressed change of Qi(氣). 2. The vascular system and autonomic nervous system are tensed or relexed. Because the etiology of Yuk-Em(六淫), Chil-Jeong(七情) make lose up and down, in and out, circulation of Gi(氣). The symtom caused with stress are explained, divided into Chil-Qi(七氣), Gu-Qi(九氣), Joong-Qi(中氣), Qi-Tong(氣痛), Qi-Yuk(氣逆), Qi-Wool(氣鬱). 3. The symtom of Chil-Qi is recognized into psycholoQical stress and Mae-Haek-Qi(梅核氣). The symtom of Gu-Qi is composed of Chil-Qi and Han(寒), Youl(熱), Ro(勞). 4. The symtoms of Qi-Yuk and Joong-Qi are caused by the ascent of Hwa-Qi(火氣). And Hwa-Qi is made by rage and depression. Qi-Yuk is chronic symtom that the ascent of Hwa-Qi is made by out of function in up and down mechanism of Qi. Joong-Qi is acute symtom that patholoQical state of Qi-Yuk take place for a while by sudden psycholoQical shock. 5. The symtom of Qi-Wool is loss of funtion made by depressed state in physioloQical mechanism, and Qi-Wool is observed in depressive psychosis and hypochondriasis and psychogenic. 6. The symtom of Qi-Tong is the pain caused by interference of circulation of Qi-Hyul(氣血). PsycholoQical stimulation such as rage and depression, tense autonomic nervous system. This make convulsion in gastro-intestine or vascular circuluation or abdominal muscles, and the pain is caused by convulsion.