• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2010

This study explored genetic and environmental contributions to optimism, depressive symptoms, and the association between the two using a genetically informative sample from the Nonshared Environment and Adolescent Development project (NEAD: D. Reiss; J. M. Neiderhiser; E. M. Hetherington; & R. Plomin, 2000. At Time 1 of the longitudinal NEAD study, the sample consisted of 720 samesex twins and sibling pairs from two parent families. The study used parent, adolescent, and observer ratings of depressive symptoms as well as adolescent ratings of optimism. The results revealed that genetic influences explained approximately half of the variability in optimism and depressive symptoms. Nonshared environmental influences also substantially contributed to optimism and depressive symptoms. Bivariate genetic analyses (which partitioned the covariance between optimism and depressive symptoms into genetic and environmental components) indicated that genetic influences accounted for a moderate percentage of the association.

• Mood & Emotion
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.123-129
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• 2017

Objective : To present effects of depression, optimism and gratitude on suicidal ideation of patients with depressive disorders. Methods : Using analyses of covariance (ANCOVA), scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), and Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6) were compared between depressive disorder patients with higher and lower levels of suicidal ideations. A linear regression model was fitted to detect independent correlates for suicidal ideations. Results : Significantly greater level of depression and lower level of gratitude were characterized by depressive disorder patients with higher level of suicidal ideations. The fitted regression model presented that depression and gratitude were independent correlates for suicidal ideations in patients with depressive disorders. Conclusion : Our findings suggest that gratitude may be associated with lowering the level of suicidal ideation in patients with depression.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2023

Menstrual cycle irregularity reflects the reproductive health of women of childbearing age, but studies are scant on women in communities. In this study, we identified factors associated with menstrual cycle irregularity among 884 community women of childbearing age (19-40 years) and confirmed the relationship between menstrual cycle irregularity and depressive symptoms. Data were collected through online or mobile platforms. We noted that 25% of participants had menstrual cycle irregularity. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that age, irregular eating, and depressive symptoms were associated with menstrual cycle irregularity. After adjusting for confounding variables, participants with depressive symptoms were at a slightly higher risk of menstrual cycle irregularity (odds ratio = 1.078, confidence interval = 1.021-1.139). Additional support be provided for community-living women of childbearing age with depressive symptoms, to improve their reproductive health

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.414-422
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• 2018

Objective: Dietary nutrients may play a significant role in depressive disorders. However, sufficient evidences in epidemiological studies are limited. We investigated the cross-sectional association between dietary nutrients and the prevalence of depressive disorder in Korean adults using representative Korean data. Methods: Participants were 2,938 adults aged 19 ~ 64 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2014. Dietary intakes were assessed using 24-h recall method. Depressive disorder was assessed using Patients Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9, self-depression test) as applied in 2014 KNHANES only. We defined depressive disorder as having a PHQ-9 score of ${\geq}10$, which was characterized as moderate depression and more. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) of depressive disorder. Results: Among the 2,938 subjects, 170 were identified as having depressive disorder. The multivariate-adjusted regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of depression was significantly associated with riboflavin (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.85, p for trend = 0.018), thiamin (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.23-0.99, p for trend = 0.045), and vitamin C (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34-0.95, p for trend = 0.025) in the highest versus lowest tertiles of intake. Conclusion: The high consumption of riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin C was associated with the low prevalence of depressive disorder in Korean adults.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.4531-4536
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• 2015

Objective: To investigate the influence of offspring-related characteristics on the prevalence of depressive disorders among cancer patients and those who survived cancer for at least 45 years. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). To investigate the association between offspring and depressive disorder among cancer patients and survivors, we analyzed data from 292 cancer patients and survivors drawn from a total subject pool of 16,613 individuals at baseline. Results: According to our results, the odds ratio (OR) for subjects with five or more offspring developing depressive disorder was -0.794 (p-value: 0.039, SE: 0.329) compared with that of those with two offspring. In addition, the adjusted effect of the number of male and female offspring on the presence of depressive disorder showed that the OR for those with three or more female offspring for developing depressive disorder was -0.958 lower (SE: 0.305, p-value: 0.012) than it was for those with no female offspring. Conclusions: This article provides evidence for an association between offspring-related characteristics and depressive disorders among cancer patients and survivors. Therefore, offspring may be important contributors to the emotional status of cancer patients and survivors. Further study should precisely need to measure depressive disorders because of self-reported data.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.481-490
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• 2014

This study aims to identify depressive symptoms status and factors to affect depressive symptoms in the elderly. The research selected 1,429 adults aged over 65, who appeared with depressive symptoms, from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012. We analyzed states of depressive symptoms using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the main factors associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly. The result shows that depressive symptoms in the elderly is significantly associated with gender, age, income level, subjective health status, smoking and the number of chronic diseases. Females, higher age, lower income, lower subjective health status, smoking and the higher the number of chronic diseases were the significant factors of higher depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective social programs and individualized approach to improve the quality of life in the elderly. In the future, these findings can be used as important data for health care policy and assessment.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.27-45
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• 2014

The present study investigated the developmental pattern of Korean mothers' depressive symptoms from a week prior to birth through four months postpartum in a nationally represented survey sample in Korea, using a Latent Growth Curve model. Mother-reported four factors-maternal self-efficacy in parenting, father's participation in childcare, a number of hours mothers worked per week, child's emotional temperament-were examined as the predictors of depressive symptoms over time in the context of Korean culture. Effects of maternal depressive trajectories on their infants' developmental outcomes at the first year were also examined. Findings were as follows: First, mothers' reports of depressive symptoms decreased at the first month after birth and then increased again during the first 4 months postpartum. Second, mothers' perceived low spousal involvement in childcare, low parental self-efficacy, and their infants' difficult temperament at four-month old had significantly positive relations to the initial level of maternal depressive symptoms whereas the low spousal involvement in childcare and low maternal self-efficacy factors significantly predicted the changes of trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms. Third, the trajectories, in turn, predicted warm and responsive maternal parenting style at the fourth month. Subsequently, the parenting style had a significant longitudinal impact on the development of children's communication, problem-solving, and personal-social abilities. Based on these findings, awareness, preventive and interventional programs might be built to facilitate Korean mothers suffering severe postpartum depressive symptoms and further promote optimal early development of Korean children.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the association between level of physical activity and depressive symptoms among Korean male workers. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was distributed and anthropometric measurements were conducted with 1,379 male workers during a general health check. From this data, we identified the general characteristics, levels of physical activity(IPAQ), and depressive symptoms(CES-D) of the study population. We conducted univariate logistic regression to verify the variables that affect depressive symptoms and multivariate logistic regression to calculate odds ratios. Results: Among the 1,379 male workers, 43.4% were in the insufficiently active group(IPAQ category 1) and 22.8% were in the depressive symptom group($CES-D{\geq}16$). The odds ratio(OR) for depressive symptoms was statistically higher in the insufficiently active group, workers aged over 30, the shift work group, and the unmarried group. Adjusted for those variables, the ORs for depressive symptoms were found to be 1.45(95% CI=1.25-2.11), 1.15(OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.08-1.99) and 1.75(95% CI=1.48-2.02), for the insufficiently active group, workers aged over 30, and the shift work group, respectively. Conclusions: We found physical inactivity, age, marital status, and shift work to be associated with depressive symptoms among male workers. This study supports the suggestion that physical activity can be helpful to reduce depressive symptoms among workers.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.301-310
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the risk factors of cognitive impairment between non-depressive elderly and depressive elderly. Data was obtained from 1,477 elderly not diagnosed to dementia. In result, non-depressive elderly group was found as having risk factors of cognitive function in age and educational level. In non-depressive group, older elderly(OR=1.095) and the elderly with no experience of education(OR=9.129) had more in risk of cognitive impairment. Depressive elderly group was found as having risk in age, educational level, and residence style. In depressive elderly, older elderly (OR=1.101), the person with low education(illiteracy:OR=33.020, elementary:OR=10.176, middle school: OR=9.841), and the elderly living in nursing home(OR=8.490) had more in risk of cognitive impairment. Through this result, it could be suggested that the depressive elderly with low educational level living in nursing home should be intervened to decrease the rate of dementia more effectively.

• Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.173-183
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of study was to estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms as well as to examine the moderating effect of positive psychology on the relationship between poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms among Korean university students. Methods : A total of 2,338(1,071 male and 1,267 female) university students at seven universities of four cities in Korea were randomly selected to participate in a survey. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires, including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Satisfaction with Life Scale(SWLS), Positive Psychotherapy Inventory(PPTI), and sociodemographic characteristics. Results : The prevalence was 44.8% for poor sleep quality and 14.4% for depressive symptoms among Korean university students. By moderated regression analysis, the results showed that poor sleep quality(${\beta}=0.453$, p<0.001) aggravated depressive symptoms of university students, and life satisfaction(${\beta}=-0.087$, p<0.001) and happiness(${\beta}=-0.145$, p<0.001) respectively buffered the negative effect of the poor sleep quality on depressive symptoms. Conclusion : This study showed very high prevalence of poor sleep quality and depressive symptoms among Korean university students. Overall, these findings demonstrates that positive psychology can be effective in the enhancement of subjective and psychological well-being and may help to reduce depressive symptom levels. In the context of public health, positive psychology can be used as preventive, easily accessible and non-stigmatizing tools.