Journal of Nutrition and Health

The Korean Nutrition Society (한국영양학회)
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Association between nutrient intakes and prevalence of depressive disorder in Korean adults: 2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

  • Park, Seon-Joo (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University) ;
  • Choi, Ji Hee (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University) ;
  • Lee, Jae Yeon (Department of Public Health, General Graduate School, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Changho (Research Group of Functional Food Materials, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Hae-Jeung (Department of Food and Nutrition, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University)
  • Received : 2018.09.10
  • Accepted : 2018.10.02
  • Published : 2018.10.31
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Abstract

Objective: Dietary nutrients may play a significant role in depressive disorders. However, sufficient evidences in epidemiological studies are limited. We investigated the cross-sectional association between dietary nutrients and the prevalence of depressive disorder in Korean adults using representative Korean data. Methods: Participants were 2,938 adults aged 19 ~ 64 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2014. Dietary intakes were assessed using 24-h recall method. Depressive disorder was assessed using Patients Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9, self-depression test) as applied in 2014 KNHANES only. We defined depressive disorder as having a PHQ-9 score of ${\geq}10$, which was characterized as moderate depression and more. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) of depressive disorder. Results: Among the 2,938 subjects, 170 were identified as having depressive disorder. The multivariate-adjusted regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of depression was significantly associated with riboflavin (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.85, p for trend = 0.018), thiamin (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.23-0.99, p for trend = 0.045), and vitamin C (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34-0.95, p for trend = 0.025) in the highest versus lowest tertiles of intake. Conclusion: The high consumption of riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin C was associated with the low prevalence of depressive disorder in Korean adults.

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