• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.314-322
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was to investigate relationships among distress, depression, anxiety, and spiritual needs of hospitalized patients with stomach cancer. Methods: The participants were 120 in-patients with stomach cancer for surgery or chemotherapy at C University in Seoul from December 2010 to February 2011. To measure emotional and spiritual states was used Distress management version 1 (National Comprehensive Cancer Network, NCCN), the Hospital anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Spiritual Needs Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0, specifically descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: Distress showed positive correlations with anxiety (r=.49, p<.001), and depression (r=.44, p<.001). Anxiety showed positive correlations with depression (r=.59, p<.001). While, depression showed negative correlations with spiritual needs (r=-.25, p<.001). Conclusion: This study's findings show that hospitalized patients with stomach cancer experienced distress, anxiety, depression and high spiritual needs. Distress, anxiety, and depression of patients with stomach cancer were positively correlated with each other. While the level of depression was negatively correlated with the level of spiritual needs, indicating the higher the level of depression, the lower the spiritual needs. Therefore, nursing interventions for emotional and spiritual support need to be developed for stomach cancer patients.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2016

Objective : This study used the HEXACO personality structure model to evaluate the relationship between personality profiles and symptoms in patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders. Methods : Total 123 patients with depression or anxiety disorders completed Beck depression inventory (BDI), state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), and HEXACO-personality inventory. Correlation analysis and independent t-test were performed for comparison between HEXACO and BDI or STAI scores. Results : Depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experiences. Both severity of state and trait anxiety were positively correlated with emotionality, and negatively correlated with conscientiousness and agreeableness. Moreover, state anxiety was negatively correlated with honesty-humility, and trait anxiety was negatively correlated with extraversion. The depression group showed significantly higher emotionality and lower extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experiences, and agreeableness compared to the non-depression group. In a comparison of the HEXACO domain scores between the non-anxiety and anxiety group, honesty-humility and agreeableness in the state anxiety group and extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness in trait anxiety group were significantly lower. Conclusion : Theses results suggest that the depression or anxiety symptoms were highly correlated with personality profiles. Therefore, evaluating the personality profiles in these patients may be helpful for directing appropriate therapeutic plans.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of study is to examine the relationships among job-seeking anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation of university students. The research design was a descriptive survey study, and 317 university students were selected through convenience sampling at two. Results: The higher criteria of job-seeking anxiety of arousing job-seeking anxiety and the average score of depression was 10.2. average of suicidal ideation was 22.4. Result from correlational analysis indicated that suicidal ideation was significantly with job-seeking anxiety and depression. Conclusion: The results of this study were useful to develop reducing job-seeking anxiety and depression programs for university students. We suggest more various to job-seeking anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation of university students in various. Implications of the findings, as well as directions for future research are discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2010

Purpose: This descriptive correlational study was designed to examine the relationship of attachment security to social anxiety and depression. In addition, the mediating effect of self competency in relation to attachment security and the other variables was investigated. Methods: Data were collected from 194 students in grade 5 or 6, and descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierachical multiple regression were used with SPSS/PC 12.0 program to analyze the data. The instruments used were Kerns, Klepac and Cole's Security Scale, La Greca & Stones' Revised Social Anxiety Scales for children (SASC-R), Cho and Lee's Korean form of Kovacs' children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Harter' Self-perception Profile for Children. Results: There were significantly negative effects between attachment security and the variables, social anxiety and depression. Also, self competency was negatively correlated with social anxiety and depression. Self competency had a significant mediating effect on the relation of social anxiety and depression to attachment security. Conclusion: For the effective management and prevention of social anxiety and depression in school-aged children, programs including strategies to increase self competency should be developed. These programs can increase self competency which has a mediator role between attachment security and the other variables (social anxiety and depression).

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.203-214
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• 2002

This study of the relationships between children's depression and anxiety and their children's self-esteem and emotional intelligence had a sample of 984 5th grade children The higher the levels of children's depression and anxiety were, the lower their self-esteem consisting of scholastic competence, social acceptance, atheletic competence, physical appearance, behavioral conduct, and global self-worth were. The higher the levels of children's depression and anxiety were, the lower their emotional intelligence(EI) consisting of self-regulation and emotion utilization, perception of emotion, other-regulation and self-expression were. For boys, scholastic competence and social competence among children's self-esteem factors were the factors best explained by children's depression and anxiety. In addition, boy's perception of emotion was explained by their depression and anxiety. For girls, on the other hand global self-worth and social competence among self-esteem factors were the two factors best explained by their depression and anxiety. Self-regulation and emotion utilization was the El factor best explained by depression and anxiety among girls.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.55-66
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• 2010

This study investigates the relationships amongst couple conflict, forgiveness, depression, and anxiety according to gender. This study also examined whether forgiveness has a moderating effect on the relationship among couple conflict, depression, and anxiety according to gender. The sample consisted of 263 parents of high school students. The couples reported their level in the Couple Conflict Inventory, Enright Forgiveness Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Personality Assessment Inventory. The findings are as follows: 1) Anxiety only significantly differed between husband and wife. 2) Couple conflict positively related to husband and wife depression and anxiety. Forgiveness is negatively related to couple conflict, anxiety, and depression between husband and wife. 3) The moderating effects of forgiveness within couple conflict and depression only showed with the wife. 4) The moderating effect of forgiveness between couple conflict and anxiety was only displayed by the husband. The findings of this study indicate that forgiveness could function as a protective factor for couples who perceive couple conflict, depression, and anxiety. These results suggest implications for couple conflict education and couple counseling according to gender.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.551-563
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• 2015

This study examines the mediating effects of social support on 1) the relationships between acculturative stress and depression/anxiety and 2) the relationships between emotional control and depression/anxiety in children from multicultural families. Pearson's correlations between variables were analyzed, and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to identify direct and indirect effects of acculturative stress, emotional control, and social support on children's depression/anxiety. The sample included a total of 199 primary school students in grades 3 to 6 who lived in the Gwangju or Chonnam regions of Korea. First, there were positive correlations between acculturative stress and depression/anxiety and negative correlations between emotional control and social support. Second, social support from both peers and teachers partially mediated the relationships between acculturative stress and depression/anxiety. Third, social support from peers fully mediated the relationships between emotional control and depression/anxiety, and that from teachers partially mediated these relationships. The results suggest that social support from peers and teachers may reduce depression/anxiety in multicultural children as a mediating variable.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.185-194
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of fatigue, anxiety, depression, and cognitive function on the quality of life of gastrointestinal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: Data were collected from a total of 141 participants. The measurements used were Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy for fatigue (FACIT-F), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for cognitive function (FACT-Cog). Results: Significant correlations were found among fatigue, anxiety, depression, cognitive function, and quality of life. The mean score of quality of life was 59.60 out of 108, and 68% of the variance in QOL was explained by fatigue, anxiety, depression, and cognitive function. Cognitive function was the most influential factor (β=.30), followed by anxiety (β=-.27), depression (β=-.24), and fatigue (β=-.18). We found that the better the cognitive function, the lower the anxiety and depression, and the lower the degree of fatigue, the higher the quality of life. Conclusion: A nursing program for managing the changes in fatigue, anxiety, depression, and cognitive function should be provided to enhance maintenance and the improvement of the quality of life for gastrointestinal cancer patients who receive chemotherapy.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.63-76
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the value and efficacy of BDI, STAI, STAXI, ISI, and SCL-90-R in correlation with depression, anxiety, and insomnia patients. Methods : A total of 39 patients, who were diagnosed with depression, anxiety, and insomnia were evaluated using BDI, STAI, STAXI, ISI, and SCL-90-R. They were then statistically analyzed. Results : 1. BDI scores of depression patients were significantly different from other patients. 2. BDI scores of depression patients had strong positive correlation with STAI-S, and STAI-T scores. 3. STAI-S scores of anxiety patients had positive correlation with BDI, and ISI scores. 4. SCL-90-R depression subscale scores of depression patients had strong positive correlation with somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, global severity index, and positive symptom total subscale scores. 5. SCL-90-R anxiety subscale scores of anxiety patients had strong positive correlation with somatization, obsessive compulsive, depression, phobic anxiety, and global severity index subscale scores. Phobic anxiety subscale scores had strong positive correlation with anxiety, global severity index, and positive symptom total subscale scores. Conclusions : The result findings are expected to serve as a useful resource in future stress-related depression, anxiety, and insomnia case reports and clinical research in oriental neuropsychiatry.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2013

Objectives There is a controversy regarding the construct validity of anxiety and depression. Some believe that these two symptoms are basically the same construct, that is, both measure what is called 'general distress' or two phenomena are distinct experiences which often coexist. To further understand relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms, we investigated the factor structure of a combined anxiety and depression scale among psychiatric outpatients. Methods Data of Zung's Self-Rating Depression and Anxiety Scales were gathered from 401 newly visiting psychiatric outpatients at a university-affiliated hospital. We performed a component analysis on the 40 items from two scales. Results Exploratory factor analysis revealed a seven factor structure explaining 56% of total variance. Overall finding indicated that depression and anxiety scales consisted of four symptom domains : mainly depressive symptoms, mainly anxiety symptoms, common somatic symptoms, and others. Conclusions Our results suggest that the construct of self-reported depressive and anxiety symptoms are more complex than previously thought, i.e., either one or two factor theories. These findings also support that anxiety and depression can be better modeled by dimensional approach. Clinicians may be alert for the fact that both depression and anxiety scales measure distinct and also common aspects. Further researches on other scales especially, interview based instruments are needed.