• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
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• 73호
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• pp.2-12
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• 2001

미 법무부의 독점금지국(the Antitrust of the U.S. Department of Justice)은, 지난달 제일제당과 두 일본기업이 미 독점금지법 위반을 인정하는데 동의했다고 발표하였다. 미 법무부 독점금지국은 미국 상거래에 영향을 주는 호전적 카르텔에 있어서는, 연루된 기업의 국적에 상관없이, 또한 그 기업이 미국 역내에 있느냐 역외에 있느냐를 불문하고 자국의 독점금지법을 일괄적으로 적용해 오고 있다. 따라서 이런 기업들은 미국 독점금지법하에서 벌금이나 심지어는 금고형으로부터 자유로울 수가 없는 것이 현실이다. 미 법무부의 독점금지국은 판사의 형 선고 재량권을 현저하게 약화시킨 형 선고에 관한 지침(United States Sentencing Guidelines), 그리고 카르텔 공동협력에 있어 공모에 대한 증거제공 및 공동행위를 신고한 기업에 대해 형량감경제도(Corporate Leniency policy)를 효율적으로 운영함으로써 지난 몇 년간 미국 역외에서 발생한 공동행위에 대해 수많은 형사적 유죄판결을 받아내었다. 지난 수십년간 독점금지국은 가격고정, 입찰담합, 시장할당 그리고 셔먼법에 의해 당연위법으로 인정되는 경쟁자간의 합의에 관련된 기업들과 개인들에 대해 조사하고 형사적으로 소추해왔다. 이 모두는 불합리하게 거래를 제한하는 합의로 독점금지법에 의해 금지되는 행위들이다. 연방법은 현재 셔먼법 위반에 대한 벌칙으로 거래를 제한하는 공모에 합의함으로써 셔먼법을 위반한 기업에게는 최고 1,000만 달러, 개인에게는 최고 35만 달러의 벌금을 부과할 수 있으며 최장 3년간의 징역에 처해 질 수 있다고 규정하고 있다. 그러나 벌금액은 1987년의 형사벌금개선법(The Criminal Fines Improvements Act: 법원이 개인 및 기업에 대한 범죄에 의해 야기된 이익이나 손실의 두 배에 해당하는 금액 중 더 큰 금액을 선택적으로 부과할 수 있다는 규정)에 의해 극적으로 늘어나고 있다. 이 논고에서는 미 법무부 독점금지국이 글로벌 카르텔과의 전쟁을 성공적으로 수행하게 된 과정을 간략하게 검토하고, 그 과정에서 다루어진 중요한 사건 중 두 사례를 선정해서 고찰해 보기로 하겠다.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.101-128
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• 2016

To improve competitiveness & performance for salesmen of small & medium IT company, this study aims not only to inspect how value orientation, leadership & justice make effects for Organizational Citizenship Behavior & Business Corporate Performance & but also to explore the role of adaptive selling practices as parameter. To support the study, the data collected from 314 employees in sales roles at more than 200 IT companies was processed via. regression analysis method. The research model of study lies at identification of 'the Effects of Value Orientation, Leadership, & Justice of/Posed by the Salesmen of a IT Company on Organizational Citizenship Behavior & Corporate Performance' based on the phenomena of unfair sales strategies rampantly being taken for short-term profits & survivals despite of the value of upholding business ethics to realize long-term, sustainable growth of a business of company. The hypotheses of this study are formulated as follows. First, value orientation, leadership, & justice shall have effects on organizational citizenship behavior & Corporate performance. Second, adaptive selling practices shall function as the parameters between the independent & dependent variables. The analysis results on the research, undertaken with verification of parametric effects, confirm the following: 1. Value orientation imposes positive (+) effects on adaptive selling practices which impose positive (+) impacts on organizational citizenship behavior & Corporate performance. 2. Adaptive selling practices function as a full parameter between value orientation & organizational citizenship behavior whilst functioning as a partial parameter between value orientation & Corporate performance. 3. Leadership imposes positive (+) effects on adaptive selling practices which impose positive (+) effects on organizational citizenship behavior & Corporate performance. 4. Adaptive selling practices function as a partial parameter between leadership & organizational citizenship behavior whilst functioning as a full parameter between leadership & Corporate performance. Therefore, this study is concluded that establishing & executing sales strategies in consideration of value orientation & fairness is of extreme importance for IT companies to realize & maintain their sustainable corporate management, & last but not least, it is necessary for IT companies to proactively introduce & provide educational systems for their salesmen thus to help them to uphold & sustain ethics & values of the business.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2022

This study analyzes the impact that accidents and near misses have on clients' and contractors' awareness of safety culture. Due to the unique characteristic of employment structure in Korea, the occurrence of accidents differs by company size, which has relevant implications for the establishment of safety culture. Attention has been drawn to the importance of the management of accidents and near misses, with safety awareness acting as a core factor. A positive effect on the prevention of accidents could be achieved by noting the difference in safety awareness between clients and contractors and suggesting an associated suitable safety management system. In support of this study, a survey was distributed to workers in the automobile manufacturing industry (May-August 2020), and data from a total of 574 workers was collected and analyzed, including 399 clients' worksers and 175 contractors' workers. The questionnaire addressed participants' experiences of accidents and near misses as well as 50 items from the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire. Analysis of the responses was conducted using the methods of frequency analysis, Fisher's exact test, t-test, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results demonstrated that clients had more experiences with accidents and near misses compared to contractors. Additional differences between clients and contractors were noted in terms of the safety culture factors of learning, communication, and trust. A correlation was observed between the experience of accidents and safety justice management: for clients and contractors who experienced accidents, safety justice management was 9.4 times higher. Furthermore, clients' and contractors' awareness of employees' commitment to safety was determined to be 28.5 times higher in those who had experienced near misses This study concludes that, in order to improve accident prevention through the management of accidents and near misses, clients must focus on overseeing safety justice management and aspects of safety culture factors, while contractors must focus efforts on managing employees' commitment to safety. In further applications, this study could provide baseline data for health and safety activities in terms of the safety culture of clients and contractors. Further study on the establishment of safety culture as related to employment structure is proposed for future research.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.600-607
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the path of money laundering of criminal proceeds through cryptocurrency using criminal script analysis and to devise measures to prevent and prevent criminal justice agencies from doing so. Method: Based on the results of a prior study on the profit path of cryptocurrency through money laundering and criminal cases in Korea, the path of money laundering was analyzed using criminal script techniques. Result: Most of the cryptocurrencies that have been launched are converted into criminal proceeds, which are re-launched and cashed or have a vicious cycle of being used as criminal funds are used. According to the script, the route of money laundering is mainly converted to criminal proceeds from cryptocurrency exchanges using anonymity, which is repeated several times, making it very difficult to find the money using cryptocurrency in criminal justice institutions. Conclusion: As the method of money laundering using cryptocurrency is becoming more sophisticated, legal sanctions and preventive institutionalization should be prepared for the prohibition or confiscation of cryptocurrency transactions for money laundering after understanding the flow.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.438-444
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• 2023

Background: To examine the influences of psychosocial work conditions on mental health risk and intention to leave the public sector among workers of public health agencies in Taiwan. Methods: We surveyed 492 public health workers in March 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Information on job demands, job control, workplace justice, experiences of workplace violence and its type and origin, and mental health status (assessed by the 5-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale, BSRS-5) was obtained. Of them, 192 participated in a follow-up survey conducted in May 2023 that assessed mental health status, employment changes, and intention to leave. Results: In the initial survey, 32.93% of participants reported poor mental health status, defined by having a score of BSRS-5 ≧ 10, and 48.17% experienced some form of workplace violence over the past year. Notably, high psychosocial job demands (OR = 3.64, 95% CI = 1.93-6.87), low workplace justice (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.45-4.58), and workplace violence (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.51-3.77) were significantly associated with increased risk of mental disorders. Among those who participated in the followup survey, 22.40% had persistent poor mental health, and 30.73% considered leaving or have left the public sector. Longitudinal analyses indicated that job demands predicted persistent mental disorders and intention to leave the public sector, and the experience of workplace violence added additional mental health risks. Conclusion: The public health workforce is crucial for effective and resilient public health systems. Our findings that public health workers were at high mental health risk and had a high intention to leave the job warrant attention and policy interventions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.496-512
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the social welfare ideology and social welfare education practice theory of Deok Joon Kim(1919-1992) who was a pioneer in Korean social welfare education and a founder of Korea's very first independent department of social welfare. Through examining his life, and social welfare related works, ideology and education practice theory following conclusions were derived. Relationship involving first, spirit of shalom, second, human dignity, third, love of the cross, fourth, social justice, fifth, worshiping God and loving human being, and sixth, love of neighbors were found. These social welfare ideology and social welfare education practice theory of Deok Joon Kim are values that can resolve today's Korean social welfare education problems and insights which would reestablish essential goals and objectives in cultivating social workers with principles. These could be applied to Korean social welfare education in forms involving social worker's justice, stance, role, and function.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.515-522
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• 2018

Current signs of a downturn in South Korea's economy include the sharp drop in consumption. Considering internal and external complications such as the raise in minimum wage and fierce global competition, people's taste and purpose of consumption is shifting as well. Under such circumstances, crowdfunding provides a new investment and distribution channel for businesses in their initial stages. Crowdfunding can serve as a key driver of growth in early stages of business operations and lead to growth in consumption as a new distribution channel. This study explores how customers perceive the process of reward crowdfunding, especially when it comes to fairness in procedure, interaction, and distribution. In addition, we further seek how perceived fairness affects customer satisfaction and loyalty in the industry.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.165-176
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• 2014

This study is directed to examine the most useful restoration strategies for turning the customers' dissatisfaction caused by unsuccessful spa service to the satisfaction through each fair factors and tries to suggest the practical schemes to cope with complaints and dissatisfaction of spa service customers by establishing the system dealing with customers' complaints. And this verifies the relationship between the alternative attraction and the intention of conversion as the action after the restoration from the unsuccessful services. Moreover, it analyzes the mediation effect that a formation of reliance through the restoration of unsuccessful services has. To achieve the purpose of this study, the subject got decided as women who are customers of private spa facilities situated in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do region for the purpose of skin care in 1 year recently. After understanding their experiences of complaining about the services, this study investigates the alternative attraction and the intention of conversion as the next action and the perception of fairness and trust in the efforts of Spa service business for recovery. As the result of verifying hypothesis, it is shown that the recovery satisfaction increases when the 3 points of the distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice, which are the fairness factors of the effort to restore services according to the quality of service, are more positive. In the relation among recovery satisfaction, trust, the alternative attraction, and the intention of conversion, the result was that recovery satisfaction affects trust in positive way and alternative attraction in negative way. However, the positive and meaningful result came out in contrast with the hypothesis which predicted the negative effect of recovery satisfaction on the intention of conversion. Furthermore, it means that indirect effectiveness which carries trust and alternative attraction should be considered instead of the direct effectiveness that the recovery satisfaction affects on the intention of conversion. In this study, it can be interpreted that the combined increase of the trust and the alternative attraction makes the intention of conversion higher rather than the higher intention of conversion following the decrease of the recovery satisfaction in view of the result that the indirect effectiveness is high between the recovery effort and the intention of conversion. In the relation among the intention of conversion, trust, and alternative attraction, the intention of conversion got influenced in positive way and negative way by trust and alternative attraction respectively and trust influenced the alternative attraction negatively as well. It means the high quality of services or the recovery of services has a direct causation which carries conviction to the customers' intention of action.

• Anxiety and mood
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2014

Non-pharmacological treatments have long been used for paraphilia or sexual offenders, but few clinical studies were conducted. However, recently there were issued cognitive behavioral therapy of paraphilia or sexual offenders based on the research findings obtained so far. In addition, there were the changes of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder by American Psychiatric Association at 2014. The methods of cognitive behavioral therapy for paraphilia or sexual offenders were electric aversion therapy, olfactory aversion therapy, ammonia aversion therapy, covert sensitization, masturbatory reconditioning, directed masturbation, verbal satiation, social skill training, assertiveness training etc. By synthesizing the newly reported foreign guidelines for treatment and review articles, the aim of this study is to investigate the non-pharmacologic therapies used for treatment of paraphilia or sexual offenders.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2009

We treated the persistent ruminative vomiting of a 13-year-old autistic boy by using a behavioral and psychopharmacological approach in a closed ward. Before the interventions, the patient had lost about 10kg of body weight due to very high-frequency ruminative vomiting. Together with psychopharmacological trials, the psychiatric treatment included a combination of a behavioral approach and food regulation that emphasized food restrictions, and we provided regular light meals. There was a considerable reduction of the ruminative vomiting and 2kg weight gain was achieved during the admission. These therapeutic gains were maintained at the 4-month follow-up assessment and the vomiting symptom reached a near-zero level and the weight loss were recovered by about 8kg. The issues related to the treatment approaches for ruminative vomiting with autism are discussed.