• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09b
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• pp.1411-1412
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• 2005

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2020

Purpose: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common disease in elderly patients and is usually treated by burr-hole drainage. However, the optimal surgical technique for treating CSDH has not been determined. In this study, we analyzed outcomes and recurrence rates after burr-hole drainage with or without irrigation in patients with CSDH. Methods: Eighty-two CSDH patients treated with burr-hole drainage at Wonju Severance Christian Hospital from March 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled in this study. The subjects were divided into three groups based on the surgical technique performed as follows: single burr-hole drainage without irrigation (group A, n=47), single burr-hole drainage with irrigation (group B, n=14), or double burr-hole drainage with irrigation (group C, n=21). These three groups were compared with respect to clinical and radiological factors and the recurrence rate, and independent factors predicting recurrence were sought. Results: After burr-hole drainage, CSDH recurred in 15 (18.3%) of the 82 patients, and six patients (7.3%) required reoperation. More specifically, recurrence was observed in 12 patients (25.5%) in group A, one (7.1%) in group B, and two (9.5%) in group C. The number of burr-holes did not significantly affect recurrence (odds ratio [OR]=0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-2.38), but irrigation had a significant effect (OR=0.20; 95% CI: 0.04-0.97). Conclusions: This study shows that irrigation during burr-hole surgery in CSDH patients significantly reduced the risk of recurrence, regardless of the number of burr-holes used. We therefore recommend the use of active irrigation during burr-hole drainage surgery in CSDH patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.210-214
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• 2009

Objective : Several surgical procedures have been reported for the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). We compared the results of treatments for CSDH obtained from one burr-hole craniostomy with closed system drainage with or without irrigation, two burr-hole craniostomy with closed system drainage with irrigation, and small craniotomy with irrigation and closed-system drainage. Methods : Eighty-seven patients with CSDH underwent surgery at our institution from January 2004 to December 2008. Our patients were classified into three groups according to the operative procedure; group I, one burr-hole craniostomy with closed system drainage with or without irrigation (n=25), group II, two burr-hole craniostomy with closed system drainage with irrigation (n=32), and group III, small craniotomy with irrigation and closed-system drainage (n=30). Results : Age distribution, male and female ratio, Markwalder's grade on admission and at the time of discharge, size of hematoma before and after surgery, duration of operation, Hounsfield unit of hematoma before and after surgery, duration of hospital treatment, complication rate, and revision rate were categories that we compared between groups. Duration of operation and hospitalization were only two categories which were different. But, when comparing burr hole craniostomy group (group I and group II) with small craniotomy group (group III), duration of post-operative hospital treatment, complication and recurrence rate were statistically lower in small craniotomy group, even though operation time was longer. Conclusion : Such results indicate that small craniotomy with irrigation and closed-system drainage can be considered as one of the treatment options in patients with CSDH.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.230-233
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• 2011

Head and neck abscess usually requires hospitalization, intravenous antibiotic therapy, and surgical incision and drainage. Open surgical drainage may result in unsightly scars. We report two cases of a 56-year-old man with a facial abscess and a 47-year-old man with a parotid abscess. The patients were successfully treated with ultrasound-guided angiocatheter irrigation and drainage without scar. Ultrasound-guided angiocatheter irrigation and drainage can be a simple, safe and effective alternative procedure to open surgery in the management of the selected head and neck abscesses.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.310-317
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• 2016

This study aimed to evaluate the nutrient load balance from rice paddy fields with different topographies, alluvial plain and local valley. Continuous monitoring from May to September, 2013 was conducted for water quantification and qualification from alluvial plain in Yeoju region (32 ha) and local valley in Jincheon region (24 ha). The discharge rates of T-N from the alluvial plain were 57.2, 5.84, 22.7, and $5.20kg\;ha^{-1}$ for irrigation, precipitation, drainage, and percolation, respectively. In case of local valley, T-N loads were 34.6, 4.73, 21.1, and $4.15kg\;ha^{-1}$ for irrigation, precipitation, drainage, and percolation, respectively. In contrary, the T-P loads from the alluvial plain were 2.23, 2.22, 2.54, and $0.41kg\;ha^{-1}$ for irrigation, precipitation, drainage, and percolation, respectively. In case of local valley, T-P loads were 1.44, 1.57, 1.82, and $0.34kg\;ha^{-1}$ for irrigation, precipitation, drainage, and percolation, respectively. The nutrient contents in drainage water were influenced by the amount of waters, rainfall, and surface drainage water. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that rainfall was significantly correlated with nutrient loads from July to August due to the amount of runoff in local valley paddy field, and irrigation was related with nutrient loads of drainage from July to August. This study showed that paddy rice farming in alluvial plain and local valley might be beneficial to water quality protection.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2011

Use of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) for perforated appendicitis (PA) in children remains controversial because of the development of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess formation. We developed the irrigation method for the prevention of abscess formation after LA performed for PA in children with severe panperitonitis. We called it 'the shaking irrigation'. The object of this study was to analyze the efficacy of this irrigation method. All cases of PA with severe panperitonitis in children that underwent LA with massive shaking irrigation and drainage between June 2003 and December 2007 were studied retrospectively. We included only PA with panperitonitis and large amounts of purulent ascites throughout the abdomen as well as an inflamed small bowel with ileus. Thirty-four children were involved in this study. The mean patient age was eight years. The mean amount of irrigation fluid was 8.2 L (range: 4-15 L), The mean operative time was 89.5 min. The mean length of the hospital stay was 5.1 days. There were no postoperative intra-abdominal abscesses. There was no conversion to open surgery. In conclusion, Use of LA in PA with severe panperitonitis in children is safe and effective. Massive shaking irrigation and abdominal drainage appears to prevent intra-abdominal abscesses after LA for PA with panperitonitis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09b
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• pp.1052-1054
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• 2005

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate characteristics of irrigation return flow from paddy block in a reservoir irrigated district during growing seasons. The irrigation return flow was divided into three parts, quick return flow from irrigation canal (RFI), quick return flow from drainage canal (RFD), and delayed return flow (DRF). The RFI was calculated from water level and stage-discharge relationships at the ends of the irrigation canals. The DRF was estimated using measured infiltration amount from paddy fields of the irrigated district. A combined monitoring and modeling method was used to estimate the RFD by subtracting surface runoff from surface drainage. The paddy block irrigated from the Idong reservoir was selected to study the irrigation return flow components. The results showed that daily agricultural water supply (AWS), the RFI, and the RFD were $27.4mm\;day^{-1}$, $4.9mm\;day^{-1}$, and $19.8mm\;day^{-1}$, respectively in May, which were greater than other months (p<0.05). The return flow ratio of the RFI and the RFD were the greatest in July (34.6%) and May (72.3%), respectively. The daily AWS was closely correlated with the RFD (correlation coefficients of 0.76~0.86) in except for July with, while correlation coefficient with the RFI were 0.56 and 0.42 in June and July, respectively (p<0.01). The total irrigation return flow was 1,965 mm in 2011, and 1,588 mm in 2012, resulting in total return flow ratio of 84.6% and 79.1%, respectively. This results indicate that substantial amounts of agricultural water were returned to streams as irrigation return flow. Thus, irrigation return flow should be fully considered into the agricultural water resources planning in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.119-120
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• 2005

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1328-1332
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• 2000

We present a modified method for the treatment of brain abscess. The double lumen extraventricular drainage (EVD) catheter which was developed for the intracerebral hematoma management, was applied for the treatment of brain abscess drainage. We placed the double lumen EVD catheter into the abscess cavity by free-hand technique and irrigated the abscess cavity continuously with antibiotics solution for 7 days. Simultaneous intravenous antibiotics was administered for 4 weeks. The continuous irrigation with double lumen catheter was found to be safe and effective treatment modality in the brain abscess.