• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.316-321
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• 2005

Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumor of the jawbones, but the origin of this tumor has been remained to be unproven. Cytokeratins (CKs) are specific intermediate filament of epithelial cells, and vimentin is expressed in mesenchymal cells. The immunohistochemical detection of different CKs and vimentin has made it easier to know the origin of tumor. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 15 ameloblastomas and 1 ameloblastic carcinoma were used for immunohistochemical evaluation of CK 7, 8, 13, 14, 19 and vimentin. Their expression is evaluated in different tumor cells, which are observed in different type of tumors. In the follicular and reticular subtype, central stellate cells of tumor nests expressed CK 8, 14, 19 and peripheral columnar cells expressed CK 14. CK 7, and 13 were not expressed. Vimentin was detected in fibrous stroma around tumor nest, not in tumor cells. The tumor cells of ameloblastic carcinoma expressed CK 7, 14 and 19, but CK 8 was more weakly stained than that in ameloblastoma. Central stellate cells and peripheral columnar cells of acanthomatous subtype showed same expression pattern with others. Meta plastic squamous cells expressed CK 8, 14, 19 and keratinizing squamous cells expressed CK 13, 19. CK 7 and vimentin were not detected in tumor cells and vimentin was expressed in fibrous stroma. Most of the tumor cells of ameloblastoma showed CK 14 and CK 19 and did not express CK 7 and vimentin. These findings were similar to the immunophenotype of dental lamina. And these results will be beneficial to differential diagnosis of odontogenic tumors and other kind of tumors arising at the oral cavity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8215-8220
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• 2016

Background: The prevalence of non-squamous cell malignant tumors of the oral cavity has not been evaluated in Iran extensively. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological aspects of the oral malignancies with non-squamous cell origin during a 43-year period in the Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, the records of all patients referred to dental school of Mashhad university of medical sciences in northeast of Iran, during the period 1971-2013 were evaluated. All confirmed samples of oral non squamous cell malignant tumors were included in this study. Demographic information including age, gender and location of the lesions were extracted from patient's records. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical soft ware, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Results: Among 11,126 patients, 188 (1.68%) non squamous cell malignant tumors were found, with mean age of 39.9 years ranging from 2 to 92 years. The most common tumors were mucoepidermoid carcinoma (33 cases) and lymphoma (32 cases). Non squamous cell malignant tumors occurred almost equally in men (94 cases) and women (93 cases). Most (134 cases) of them were located peripherally with high frequency in salivary glands (89 cases) and 52 cases were centrally with high frequency in the mandible (38 cases). Conclusions: More findings in this survey were similar to those reported from other studies with differences in some cases; it may be due to variation in the sample size, geographic and racial differences in tumors.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2014

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome(NBCCS) is a autosomal dominant disorder, and its major manifestations are multiple basal cell carcinoma, keratocystic odontogenic tumor, rib anomalies, palmer and plantar pits, calcification of the falx cerebri. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor(KCOT) is defined as intraosseous tumor of odontogenic origin with a characteristic lining of parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium and potential aggressive behavior. We report a case of a 3-year-old patient with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome who initially presented with unilocular keratocystic odontogenic tumor in maxillary canine region. Keratocystic odontogenic tumor was treated by enucleation, and periodic follow-up check will be required for early diagnosis of additional diseases related with this syndrome.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1251-1254
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• 2016

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common malignancy of the oral cavity, shows geographical variation with respect to the age, sex, site and habits of the population. The histolopathologic grade of the tumor is closely related to its tissue of origin. This study was conducted to establish the prevalence of OSCC in relation to patient sex, age, habits and sites of lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 130 cases of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC were selected for the study, out of which 66, 38 and 26 were well (WD), moderately (MD)and poorly differentiated (PD), respectively. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and graded according to a modified Borders's system. Then statistically analyzed different grades of OSCC for correlations with other variables. Results: In our study the majority cases of OSCC were found in the 5th to 7th decades of life, males acconting for 53%. The most common site was the buccal mucosa and most cases had habit of tobacco use either in the form of chewing or smoking or both. When the different grades of OSCC were compared with different sites a statistically significant value was observed (P=0.029). Conclusions: The incidence of high grade PD is very much less in female patients but in males such lesions were common. In our location population the buccal mucosa is the most common site due to the tobbaco habits of the patients and majority cases of the buccal mucosa are WD whereas in tongue, floor of the mouth and palate PD are common.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.3327-3330
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• 2014

Background: The purpose of the study was to analyse the clinicopathological spectrum of benign and malignant odontogenic tumours (OT) in Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Rawalpindi. Seven years archival records of histologically diagnosed odontogenic tumours, both benign and malignant, were collected and the lesions re-diagnosed histologically in accordance with the WHO classification of head and neck tumours (2005). Clinical as well as histological data were analysed and frequency of each type of OT was calculated using computer software programme SPSS (version 17). Mean tumour size was calculated and Chi-square test was applied to find associations of age, gender and site with each histological type of tumour. Results: Only 1.7% of the odontogenic tumours diagnosed in this said period were malignant while the remaining 98.3% were benign. Amongst benign lesions, ameloblastoma was the most common (61.3%) type while primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (1.7%) was the only reported malignant tumour. Mean age of the affected patients was $31.7{\pm}16.7$ years with posterior mandible as the commonest site involved. Conclusions: Our study revealed ameloblastoma and primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma as the commonest diagnosed benign and malignant tumours respectively. There was a significant difference in age and site of origin of different types of OT at the time of their presentation. However, all the tumours showed male predominance.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.85-97
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• 2018

The trans-differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is employed, but there is little understanding of the cell source-dependent trans-differentiation potential of MSCs into corneal epithelial cells. In the present study, we induced trans-differentiation of MSCs derived from umbilical cord matrix (UCM-MSCs) and from dental tissue (D-MSCs), and we comparatively evaluated the in vitro trans-differentiation properties of both MSCs into corneal epithelial-like cells. Specific cell surface markers of MSC (CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105) were detected in both UCM-MSCs and D-MSCs, but MHCII and CD119 were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in UCM-MSCs than in D-MSCs. In UCM-MSCs, not only expression levels of Oct3/4 and Nanog but also proliferation ability were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in D-MSCs. In vitro differentiation abilities into adipocytes and osteocytes were confirmed for both MSCs. UCM-MSCs and D-MSCs were successfully trans-differentiated into corneal epithelial cells, and expression of lineage-specific markers (Cytokeratin-3, -8, and -12) were confirmed in both MSCs using immunofluorescence staining and qRT-PCR analysis. In particular, the differentiation capacity of UCM-MSCs into corneal epithelial cells was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of D-MSCs. In conclusion, UCM-MSCs have higher differentiation potential into corneal epithelial-like cells and have lower expression of CD119 and MHC class II than D-MSCs, which makes them a better source for the treatment of corneal opacity.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.461-470
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• 2001

A unhealthy 58-year-old male patient required extraction of left upper second molar due to advanced periodontitis. Lidocaine contained 1 : 100000 epinephrine for left posterior superior alveolar nerve block was administered in the mucobuccal fold above the second molar to be treated at the local private dental clinic. After four hours of posterior superior alveolar block anesthesia, patient feeled double vision and discomfort of eyeball movement. At next day, he complained difficulty of left eyeball movement, vertigo and diplopia. He was referred to our department via local clinic and department of ophthalomology of our hospital. He was treated by medication and eyeball exercise, and then follow up check. The double vision and medial rectus muscle palsy disappeared patially after 2 months of block anesthesia. We described herein an ocular complication of diplopia and inferior rectus muscle palsy after posterior superior alveolar nerve block for extraction of left upper second molar, and review the cause or origin of this case. The autonomic nervous system is presented as the logical basis for the untoward systems of ophthalmologic sign likely to diplopia and inferior rectus muscle palsy, rather then simple circulation of anesthetic solution in the vascular network.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.152-157
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• 1998

Disturbances of the interrelationship among the host, environment, microorganism will cause the infection clinically. Infection can be classified into bacterial, viral, fungal origin, Bacterial infection is most common due to dental caries, periodontal disease. These infections have the potential to spread via the fascial spaces in the head and neck region. We have undertaken clinical studies on infections in the oral and maxillofacial regions by analyzing 78 hospitalized patients in the Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-A University Hospital from 1994 to 1997. The results were as fellows; l. Odontogenic infections were most common with the incidence of 84.6%. 2. Considering the number of involved space, single space was 83.3%, double or more space was 16.6%. The most common fascial space involved was submandibular space and followed by buccal space, 3. The most causative organism isolated from the pus cultures was streptococci group 35.4%. 4. Antibiotics were administrated in all cases, and surgical incision and drainage was performed in 87.2%. 5. Combined administration of penicillin and aminoglycoside was most common in 34.6%.. 6. 7 cases were diagnosed as Ludwig's angina and tracheostomy was done in 2 cases of them.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.217-224
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• 2001

A prevalence of temporomandibular disorders(TMD) based on the clinical sign and symptom in 155 patients were investigated. History taking with interview chart and clinical examination were performed. Age and gender of the patients, duration of TMD, location of pain, joint sound, limitation of mouth opening and more detailed diagnostic name were identified. The results of this study were as follows: 1. TMD was more prevalent in female than in male. TMD was the most prevalent at the age of 20s and decreased with age. 2. Acute TMD was more prevalent than chronic one. 3. About ninety percent of TMD patients had pain. Pain had mainly a unilateral origin. Muscle pain was mainly related with the masseter muscle. 4. Joint sound was identified in about fifty-six percent of the TMD patients and unilateral joint sound was more prevalent than bilateral one. 5. Limitation of mouth opening was observed in about forty percent of the TMD patients. 6. In TMD patients, muscle dysfunction was the most prevalent one. In muscle disorders local muscle soreness was the most prevalent one. In joint disorders, capsulitis was the most prevalent one. In muscle-joint disorders, trigger point pain with retrodiscitis was the most prevalent one.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2297-2299
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• 2016

Background: Early detection of malignant transformation with expression biomarkers has significant potential to improve the survival rate of patients as such biomarkers enable prediction of progression and assess sensitivity to chemotherapy. The expression of interferon inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) has been associated with early invasion events in several carcinomas, including head and neck cancers, and hence has been proposed as a novel candidate biomarker. As the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is highest in the Indian population, we sought to investigate: 1) the expression pattern of IFITM1 in OSCC tissue samples obtained from Indian patients of Dravidian origin; and 2) the possibility of using IFITM1 expression as a potential biomarker. Materials and Methods: Total RNA extracted from thirty eight OSCC biopsy samples was subjected to semi-quantitative RT-PCR with IFITM1 and GAPDH specific primers. Results: Of the thirty eight OSCC samples that were analyzed, IFITM1 overexpression was identified in fifteen (39%). Seven expressed a low level, while the remainder expressed high level of IFITM1. Conclusions: The overexpression of IFITM1 in OSCC samples indicates that IFITM1 may be explored for the possibility of use as a high confidence diagnostic biomarker in oral cancers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that IFITM1 overexpression is being reported in Indian OSCC samples.