• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.57-77
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 기존의 물동량 전망에 적용한 방법론이 아닌 개별 항만별 예측방법을 적용하여 인천항에서 경유하는 수출 화물 물동량을 전망하였다. 물동량 전망에 있어 기존의 통계적, 계량경제학적인 분석 대신 시스템 분석을 적용하였다. 대부분의 기존연구에서 적용하였던 총량적 접근방법은 전국의 총 화물물동량을 각 품목별 특성에 따른 계량모형을 통해 추정한다. 이는 전국권역을 기반으로 항만 O/D에 따라 향후 권역별 항만 개발계획 및 개별입지변화를 반영하여 체계적인 방법으로 배분함으로써 전국 항만의 물동량을 도출했다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 기존방법론이 아닌 개별항만의 주변상창이나 직접적인 영향을 미치는 산업단지의 현황을 토대로 물동량을 도출해 내는 방법이다. 본 연구에 있어 기초자료는 인천항을 배후권역으로 하는 수출 화물의 기종점인 배후산업단지의 소요면적에 대한 자료를 토대로 조사하였다. 이는 수출의 대부분을 창출하는 산업단지의 소요면적을 파악하여 이에 원단위를 적용함으로써 산단별 입출되는 물량을 도출할 수 있다. 여기에 산단별 분양률, 업종비중, 가동률, 그리고 산단별 수출 비중을 적용하여 인천항의 수출 화물 물동량을 전망하였다. 본 연구는 기존의 전망치와 비교를 함으로써 연구방법론의 다양화와 비교연구를 수행하는 연구성과를 거두었다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

The study aimed to project inflows and demmands for the agricultural reservoir watersheds in South Korea considering a variety of regional characteristics and the uncertainty of future climate information. The study bias-corrected and spatially downscaled retrospective daily Global Climate Model (GCM) outputs under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 emission scenarios using non-parametric quantile mapping method to force Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Using the historical simulation, the skills of un-calibrated SWAT model (without calibration process) was evaluated for 5 reservoir watersheds (selected as well-monitored representatives). The study then, evaluated the performance of 9 GCMs in reproducing historical upstream inflow and irrigation demand at the five representative reservoirs. Finally future inflows and demands for 58 watersheds were projected using 9 GCMs projections under the two RCP scenarios. We demonstrated that (1) un-calibrated SWAT model is likely applicable to agricultural watershed, (2) the uncertainty of future climate information from different GCMs is significant, (3) multi-model ensemble (MME) shows comparatively resonable skills in reproducing water balances over the study area. The results of projection under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenario generally showed the increase of inflow by 9.4% and 10.8% and demand by 1.4% and 1.7%, respectively. More importantly, the results for different seasons and reservoirs varied considerably in the impacts of climate change.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2002

Purpose: Recently there have been many changes in health care environments in Korea. To perform public health programs effectively and efficiently, it is necessary to analyze and identify the demand and supply for the public health nurses. Method: The study analyzed experts' opinions regarding the supply of public health nurses, as well as national and foreign statistical data on workforce supply of public health nurses. Two methods for estimating the amount of demand for public health nurses were used: one was applying the indicators of developed countries for public health nurses based on population: the other was to refer to regulations and/or recommended guidelines in Korea. Result: 1) The number of public health centers, public health sub-centers, and primary health care posts have decreased between 1990 and 2001, from 260 to 242, 1318 to 1270, 2038 to 1907, respectively. 2) Between 1997 and 2002, the number of public health nurses has also decreased from 5572 to 5112. 3) In the case of applying regulations, the number (5112) of existing public health nurses falls shortly by 942. 4) In 2001, the Korean population per one public health nurse was 9262. 5) In the case of applying regulations, the number of public health nurses required to meet the demand for health services in 2001 and 2020 is estimated at 5932 and 6347, respectively. 6) In the case of applying the indicators of developed countries, the number of public health nurses required to meet the demand for health service in 2001 and 2020 is estimated at 9.469 and 10.310, respectively. Conclusion and suggestions: Because of the importance of public health industry, public health nurses have been approved as a field specialist and specialized nurse practitioner by the newly revised legal regulation, there have been absence of approval of their role differentiation and capability. In addition, organizational activity and insufficient number of the public health nurses have contributed to the inactive utilization of them. As community public health is focused on caring individuals as well as organizations, it requires more autonomy and special skills than other fields. Therefore, public health nurses need to enhance the capability as health educator, consultant, and information management persons through advanced education course for public health nurses. Public health nurses need to be prepared as advanced nurse practitioners by receiving advanced education courses and field experiences.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2014

Climate change influences multiple environmental aspects, certain of which are specifically related to agricultural water resources such as water supply, water management, droughts and floods. Understanding the impact of climate change on reservoirs in relation to the passage of time is an important component of water resource management for stable water supply maintenance. Changes on rainfall and hydrologic patterns due to climate change can increases the occurrence of reservoir water shortage and affect the future availability of agricultural water resources. It is a main concern for sustainable development in agricultural water resources management to evaluate adaptation capability of water supply under the future climate conditions. The purpose of this study is to predict the sustainability of agricultural water demand and supply under future climate change by applying an irrigation vulnerability assessment model to investigate evidence of climate change occurrences at a local scale with respect to potential water supply capacity and irrigation water requirement. Thus, it is a recommended practice in the development of water supply management strategies on reservoir operation under climate change.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2004

Purpose: This descriptive study was conducted to project the number of nurse anesthetists needed in hospital settings, up to the year 2015. Method: Necessary data and information were collected from various funded reports, professional literature, web sites and personal visits to national and private institutions. The number of nurse anesthetists needed was projected after considering the total number of cases requiring anesthesia including deliveries, workload ratio for caesarean section to total number of deliveries, and percent of deliveries requiring and anesthesia. Result: The projected number of nurse anesthetists needed for hospital settings are as follows: 1. The number of registered anesthesia personnel in Korea in 2002 was 2,481 anesthesiologists and 543 nurse anesthetists but only 60% of anesthesiologists and 30% of nurse anesthetists (147) were actually practicing in the field of surgery. 2. By the year 2015, the total number of projected nurse anesthetists needed in hospital settings will be between 214 and 265. Conclusion: In order to match the supply to the need, the professional organizations should direct efforts towards enacting legislation. Educational systems should identify strategies to initiating an adequate number of nurse anesthetist programs at the master's level as well as standardizing curriculums across programs.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.803-810
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• 2009

Micromirrors have a wide range of applications such as optical switches, laser scanners, and digital projection displays. Due to their low performances and high costs, however, practical applications of micromirrors are quite limited. At present micromirrors demand not only a better design but also a simple fabrication process. In this study a twisting-type micromirror that can be driven by two thermal bimorph actuators bending in opposite directions is designed from electro-thermo-mechanical theories and fabricated through a simple MEMS process. Each actuator consists of $SiO_2$ and gold thin-film layers. Simplified analytical model has been built to optimize the performance of micromirror. Due to unexpected resistance increase of metal film and alignment mismatch during fabrication process, experimental rotation angles of micromirrors are about $11^{\circ}$ at applied voltages less than 0.6V. From numerical simulation and analytical studies, however, the next design can provide rotation angles over $20^{\circ}$ at the same applied voltage.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.149-164
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• 2008

As the computing landscape is shifting to ubiquitous computing environments, there is increasingly growing the demand for a variety of device controls that react to user's implicit activities without excessively drawing user attentions. We developed an EMG-based car interface that enables the physically handicapped to drive a car using their functioning peripheral nerves. Our method extracts electromyogram signals caused by wrist movements from four places in the user's forearm and then infers the user's intent from the signals using multi-layered neural nets. By doing so, it makes it possible for the user to control the operation of car equipments and thus to drive the car. It also allows the user to enter inputs into the embedded computer through a user interface like an instrument LCD panel. We validated the effectiveness of our method through experimental use in a car built with the EMG-based interface.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2003

There are three main purposes in this study. First, we project the number of elderly dementia population in the future based on the projection of the elderly population in the Kyungpook area. Second, the demands of home-based care service and facility-based care for the elderly dementia are estimated. Thirdly, some policy implications for the improvement of welfare services for the elderly dementia are addressed. The findings of this study are as follows. Considering the size of the elderly dementia population, facilities for the elderly dementia are extremely insufficient and most of the elderly dementia patients rely heavily on home-based care. Although we expect that there will be a rapid increase in the number of the elderly dementia in the next two decades, the social welfare services for them in the future are very unreliable. Home nursing for the demented elderly needs to be recognized by law and financed by the government. In this context, we address some issues regarding the rapid growth of the elderly dementia population in the future and social welfare services for them as well. Finally we suggest some policy implications regarding this matter.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.30-43
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• 2023

그린인프라는 지속가능한 커뮤니티를 조성하는 데에 주요한 전략으로 고려되고 있다. 하지만 도시 레질리언스와 시스템의 역동성이라는 관점에서 그린인프라에 관한 연구는 아직 부족하며 이를 어떻게 물리적인 적용과 융합하는가에 관한 연구 역시 미미하다. 본 연구는 두 가지의 원인에 주목한다. 첫째는 정적변수를 고려하는 기존의 그린인프라 계획과 동적변수를 고려하는 도시모델링 연구 사이의 간극이며, 둘째는 도시모델링 연구와 조경설계 간의 정보 및 방법의 차이이다. 본 연구는 도시성장에 따른 그린인프라의 수요의 분포를 전망하며 설계의사결정을 지원하는 융합모델링을 제안한다. LEAM모델과 MCDA모델을 융합하여 그린인프라의 서비스와 사회경제적 도시변화의 관계성을 평가하고, 2050년의 그린인프라의 수요를 공간적으로 전망한다. 모델의 결과는 시카고 외곽에서의 도시화가 진행될수록 생태시스템 서비스의 질적 저하가 일어날 가능성이 있음을 말한다. 이는 경제성장에 의해 그린인프라에 대한 수요가 지리적으로 변화할 수 있음을 나타내며, 그린인프라 전략이 현재와 미래를 유동적이자 포괄적으로 고려해야 함을 제안한다. 나아가 본 연구는 스튜디오 환경에서의 생산된 정보를 학생들과 공유하여 근거기반 설계의 적용과 가능성에 관해 논의한다. 지오디자인의 관점에서 그린인프라 설계 및 계획과 도시시스템 연구의 융합을 통해 효율적인 설계의사결정을 지원함으로써 보다 탄력적인 도시환경을 조성하는데 기여하고자 한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 1988

In this study, the number of physicians presently living in Korea was thoroughly estimated by several means and, on this basis, their productivity and level of supply were estimated. The results were as follows First, the number of physicians who did not notify the Korea Medical Association in May 1987 were 10,110, including 4,093 emigrant physicians(40.5%) ,861 military medical officers,745 public health doctors, and 107 deceased physicians. A total of 1,330 physicians could not be identified by any effort. Second, among the 34,897 registered physicians as of May 1987, 29,933(85.8%) were residing in Korea, 4,115 physicians(11.8%) had emigrated to other countries, and 849 physicians(2.4%) were deceased. Practicing physicians difined as those in Korea who were not retired, serving in the military, or completing residencies or internships, comprised 78.6%(27,414 physicians) of the total number of registered physicians. Third, it is estimated that in the year 2000 the number of registered physicians, physicians residing in Korea, and practicing physician will be 75,040, 64,038, and 57,655, respectively and these are increases of 115.0%, 113.9%, and 110.3%, respectively, compared to 1987. Fourth, the population physician ratio will be 759 to one physician in the year 2000. Fifth, the productivity of physicians, as calculated by relative values defining the productivity of 35 to 44 year-old male physicians as 10, will increase 110.7% in the year 2000 compare to that of 1987, and this increment is almost the same level as that of physician supply. From the results of the present analysis of physician manpower and supply projection, it can be recognized that the development of a regular notification system is necessary in order to identify precisely the number of physicians. Also a policy of physician supply is essential in order to adjust in advance the number of physicians, otherwise there will be surplus to the medical demand.