• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.419-442
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• 2020

우리나라 도시가스 수요는 난방수요에 기인한 뚜렷한 동고하저의 계절성을 보이며, 기온에 따른 민감도는 시간에 따라 변화하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 시간에 따라 변화하는 계절성을 효과적으로 모형하기 위해서 시간변동 기온반응함수 개념을 도입하여 이를 해당 일의 기온분포로 적분하여 기온에 따른 수요변동을 추정한다. 또한 기상청에서 발표하는 향후 10일의 도시별 기온 예측치를 체계적으로 반영하여 도시가스 수요를 예측하는 방법론을 개발하였다. 평년기온분포를 사용한 것에 비해서 함수적 방법론을 이용하여 기상청의 기온 예측치를 기온분포예측치로 변환하여 예측했을 때 기온분포의 예측 오차율은 2배, 도시가스 수요의 예측 오차는 5배 가까이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2009

산업별 필요인력의 수급 불균형과, 직업교육기관의 Skill Mismatch로 산업체가 요구하는 전문기술 인력 수급이 어려운 실정이다. 산업체는 학교졸업자를 현장에서 재교육하고, 산업특성에 맞는 기술을 습득하여야만 생산성을 향상 시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 산업체가 요구하는 Demand Education을 수용하고, e-Business 분야에서 특성화 전문계고 Curriculum을 작성하는 연구이다. e-Business 산업분류 및 직종분류를 파악하고, e-Business 교육에 대해 산업체에서 요구하는 지식과 Skill 수준을 파악하고 그 수요를 조사하고 분석한다. 기반산업, 지원산업, 활용산업별로 조사된 e-Business Curriculum을 학습에 적용하고, 산업체의 Demand Education 계고 e-Business Curriculum의 기본 모델과 학과별 Curriculum을 제시하고, 산업체 요구의 e-Business 교육을 통한 생산성 향상을 통한 국가 발전에 기여하고자 한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2023

Background: Presenteeism is closely related to work performance, work quality and quantity, and productivity at work. According to the job demand-control-support model, job demand, job control, and support play important roles in presenteeism. The present study investigated job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model and identify the association between job characteristics profiles and presenteeism. Methods: This secondary data analysis used the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey, a nationwide cross-sectional dataset. The study included 25,361 Korean wage workers employed in the workplace with two or more workers. Participants were classified into four job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model, using latent profile analysis, and logistic regression was performed to examine the association between study variables. Results: Overall, 11.0 % of study participants reported experience of presenteeism in the past 12 months. Age, sex, location, monthly income, shift work, work hours, health problems, and sleep disturbances were significantly associated with presenteeism. The rate of presenteeism was the highest in the passive isolate group. The passive collective, active collective, and low-stain collective groups had a 23.0%, 21.0%, and 29.0% lower likelihood of experiencing presenteeism, respectively, than the passive isolate group. Conclusions: The job demand-control-support profiles and the risk of presenteeism were significantly associated. The most significant group that lowered the experience of presenteeism was the low-strain collective group, which had a low level of demand and high levels of control and support. Therefore, we need a policy to reduce job demand and increase job control and support at the organizational and national levels.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.107-133
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• 2010

As policy makers are often concerned about dynamic effects of demand behavior and its welfare analysis by quantity changes, the paper shows how dynamic price formation systems can be built up to analyze the effect of policy options to the markets dynamically. The paper develops dynamic model of price formation for fish from the intertemporal optimization of the consumer choice problem. While the resulting model has a similar form of the error correction types of dynamic price formation system, it provides the rational demand behavior contrary to the myopic behavior of error correction demand models. The paper also develops appropriate tools of dynamic welfare analysis in quantity space using only short-run demand estimates both theoretically and empirically as a first attempt in the literature of price formation and fisheries. The empirical results of Korean fish markets show that the dynamic model and the welfare measures are reasonably plausible. The methodology and theory of this research can be applied and extended to the commodity aggregation, dynamic demand estimation, and dynamic welfare effects of regulation in the similar framework. Thus, it is hoped that this will enhance its applications to the demand-side economics.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

The traditional demand prediction was based on the technique wherein electric power corporations made monthly or seasonal estimation of electric power consumption for each area and subscription type for the next one or two years to consider both seasonally generated and local consumed amounts. Note, however, that techniques such as pricing, power generation plan, or sales strategy establishment were used by corporations without considering the production, comparison, and analysis techniques of the predicted consumption to enable efficient power consumption on the actual demand side. In this paper, to calculate the predicted value of electric power consumption on a short-term basis (15 minutes) according to the amount of electric power actually consumed for 15 minutes on the demand side, we performed comparison and analysis by applying a 15-minute interval prediction technique to the average and that to the time series analysis to show how they were made and what we obtained from the simulations.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2018

The comparison of demand and supply is needed for efficient ecosystem services planning. However, the gap between them cannot be analyzed as existing studies mainly dealt with only the supply of ecosystem services. This study compares the demand and supply of ecosystem services in Shiheung using environmental complaints and urban planning by semantic network analysis. As a result, 'air' and 'water' quality are magnified in demand, 'energy' and 'water' are crucial in supply. This result presents that citizen ask for the improvement of air quality in regulation services, although local government has plans for energy support in provisioning services. Periodic ecosystem services demand and supply monitoring will be the base of effective ecosystem services planning, which reduce insufficiency and surplus.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2013

Investment scenarios in the transportation network design problem usually contain installation or expansion of multi-mode transportation links. When one applies the mode choice analysis and traffic assignment sequentially for each investment scenario, it is possible that the travel impedance used in the mode choice analysis is different from the user equilibrium cost of the traffic assignment step. Therefore, to estimate the travel impedance and mode choice accurately, one needs to develop a combined model for the mode choice and traffic assignment. In this paper, we derive the inverse demand and the excess demand functions for the multi-mode multinomial logit mode choice function and develop a combined model for the multi-mode variable demand traffic assignment problem. Using data from the regional O/D and network data provided by the KTDB, we compared the performance of the partial linearization algorithm with the Frank-Wolfe algorithm applied to the excess demand model and with the sequential heuristic procedures.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2012

For optimal reservoir operation and management, there are essential elements including water supply in agricultural reservoir and demand in irrigation district. To estimate agricultural water demand and supply, many factors such as weather, crops, soil, growing conditions cultivation method and the watershed/irrigation area should be considered, however, there are occurred water supply impossible duration under the influence of the variability and uncertainty of meteorological and hydrological phenomenon. Focusing on agricultural reservoir, amount and tendency of agricultural water supply and demand shows seasonally/regionally different patterns. Through the analysis of deviation and changes in the timing of the two elements, duration in excess of water supply can be identified quantitatively. Here, we introduce an approach to assessment of irrigation vulnerable duration for effective management of agricultural reservoir using time dependent change analysis of residual water supply and irrigation water requirements. Irrigation vulnerable duration has been determined through the comparison of water supply in agricultural reservoir and demand in irrigation district based on the water budget analysis, therefore can be used as an improved and basis data for the effective and intensive water management.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3307-3314
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• 2012

농어촌 주택 표준모델에 대한 연간 건물에너지요구량을 DesignBuilder를 사용하여 계산하였다. 실내설정온도, 외벽의 열관류율, 창호타입, 환기량을 변화시키며 건물의 설계/운영 변수들이 에너지요구량에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 건물의 크기와 상관없이 난방에너지요구량이 냉방에너지요구량보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 단열재 두께를 증가시켜 외벽의 열관류율을 감소시키면 단열효과의 증가로 난방에너지요구량은 감소하지만 냉방에너지요구량이 증가한다. 하지만 외벽의 열관류율 조절을 통한 난방에너지요구량의 절감에는 한계가 있으므로 외부에 직접 노출된 외벽의 면적을 최소화하는 것이 더 효과적인 것으로 판단된다. 계산에 사용된 4가지 창호 중 일반 이중창호가 난방에너지요구량 측면에서 가장 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 침기량은 일정하게 유지하고 단위시간당 환기량을 증가시킨 경우 냉방에너지요구량은 큰 변화가 없었으나 난방에너지요구량이 증가하였다. 실내의 공기질이 만족되는 범위 내에서 환기량을 최소화하는 것이 연간 건물에너지요구량을 줄이는데 유리한 것으로 판단된다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2009

The objective of this research was to develop a rural settlement demand model to analyze the determinants of settlement demand of urban residents. The point aimed at from model development was deriving stated preference of potential consumers towards rural settlement through setting a hypothetical market, and using settlement subsidy as a surrogate variable for price in the demand model. The adequate demand model deducted from hypothetical market data was derived from the basis of Hanemann's utility difference theory. In the rural settlement demand model, willingness to accept was expressed by a function of settlement subsidy. Data utilized in the analysis was collected from surveys of households nationwide. According to inferred results of the demand model, settlement subsidy had a significant influence on increasing demand for rural settlement. A significant common element was found among variables affecting demand increase through demand curve shift. The majority group of those with high rural settlement demand sought agricultural activity as their main motive, due to harsh urban environments aggravated by unstable job market conditions. Subsequently, restriction of income opportunities in rural areas does not produce an entrance barrier for potential rural settlers. Moreover, this argument could be supported by the common trend of those with high rural settlement demand generally tending to have low incomes. Due to such characteristics of concerned groups of rural settlement demand, they tended to react susceptibly to the subsidy provided by the government and local autonomous entities.