• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2009

Due to characteristics of modern society including technological development, various methods engaging interaction between people and manmade environment have become one of the major issues raised in various fields of deign so called interactive design. Interactive design started as the interface between human and computer system, but now expanded to interior design field enhancing spatial experience of users. Now, many corporates are looking into interactive design to bridge the gap between company or brand identity and consumers as marketing tool. The current study investigates interactive concepts and characteristics of corporate participated public spaces and tries to define their design methods according to spatial marketing strategies. Using theoretical inquiry, cultural events and delivery of corporate identity information were defined as two major spatial strategies through cognitive or behavioral approaches. Moreover, digital, constructive, and expressive presentations were found to be most common design methods. Through this theoretical framework, 7 selected samples in Korea are analyzed in order to find detailed design characteristics. It is hoped that this study may serve in understanding current design approaches of interactive corporate public spaces and useful guideline when designing interactive public spaces not only as means of marketing strategies but even for public goods.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권7호
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• pp.475-487
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• 2020

The paper aims to facilitate a discussion around how big data technologies and data from citizens can be used to help public administration, society, and policy-making to improve community's lives. This paper discusses opportunities and challenges of big data strategies for government, society, and policy-making. It employs the presentation of numerous practical examples from different parts of the world, where public-service delivery has seen transformation and where initiatives have been taken forward that have revolutionized the way governments at different levels engage with the citizens, and how governments and civil society have adopted evidence-driven policy-making through innovative and efficient use of big data analytics. The examples include the governments of the United States, China, the United Kingdom, and India, and different levels of government agencies in the public services of fraud detection, financial market analysis, healthcare and public health, government oversight, education, crime fighting, environmental protection, energy exploration, agriculture, weather forecasting, and ecosystem management. The examples also include smart cities in Korea, China, Japan, India, Canada, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the European Union. This paper makes some recommendations about how big data strategies transform the government and public services to become more citizen-centric, responsive, accountable and transparent.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2023

Purpose: This study attempts to analyze the current status of the railway logistics business and to seek ways to improve it by using the business model as an analytical framework. It was intended to reflect practical implications that could be applied to the field, by dealing with issues at the industrial site related to each component in the business model. Research design, data and methodology: This study was conducted through literature review and field research. We analyzed academic papers and industrial reports on the development of the railway logistics industry and interviewed various stakeholders in the railway logistics industry. Results: This study determined the factors that could be eliminated, raised, reduced, or created from the customer and product perspective, infrastructure management perspective, and financial perspective. Conclusions: The growth of existing business can be achieved by lowering service prices, improving service quality, and securing large-scale transportation capacity. The additional transportation of high value goods and cold chain commodities will be promising business opportunities. Existing services can be provided to new customers (large pre-shippers, forwarding customers, etc.) in order to increase the size of sales Urban delivery services and comprehensive logistics services based on complex logistics centers may open an avenue for new market. A more timetable and track capacity need to be assigned to logistics, which significantly improve the flexibility and the competency of railway logistics.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제39권
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• pp.105-142
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• 2008

For many companies, selling in an international market place is the ultimate challenge. One of the greatest problems facing exporters is the increasing insistence by importers that trade be conducted on open account terms. This often means that payment is received many weeks or even months after delivery. Unsurprisingly, many organisations find that giving buyers credit in this way can cause severe cash flow problems. Further problems can arise if the importer delays payment beyond originally agreed terms or makes no payment at all because of financial failure. In particular, many SMEs find it difficult to finance their production cycle, since after goods are delivered most buyers demand 30 to 90 days to pay. Therefore, International factoring for SME has been developing very rapidly in the world trade financing markets. Functions of international factoring as trade financing is a comprehensive financial service that includes credit protection, accounts receivable bookkeeping, collection services and financing. Factoring can be a powerful tool in providing financing to high-risk, informationally opaque sellers. International factoring is very helpful for international exporters to get competitiveness in the world markets. In Korea, a few banks are operating international factoring. But International factoring in Korea could not play a key roll as general trade supporting service. So, This study is to suggest importances of international factoring development for trade development and to investigate real operation situations and problems by way of interviews with operators in banks that are operating international factoring and suggest development strategies for international factoring in Korea.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.62-76
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• 2004

Many customers are no longer satisfied with mass-produced goods. They are demanding customization and rapid delivery of innovative products. Many companies are now realizing that the best way to reduce life cycle costs is to evolve a more effective product development paradigm using Internet and web based technologies. Yet there remains a gap between current market demands and product development paradigms. The existing CAD systems require that product developers possess all the design analysis tools in-house making it impractical to employ all the needed and newest tools. Hence, this paper addresses how assembly operation analysis can be embedded transparently and remotely into a service-oriented collaborative assembly design environment. A new assembly operation analysis framework is introduced and a relevant architecture and tools are developed to realize the framework. Instead of the current sequential process for verifying and validating an assembly design, a new Virtual Assembly Analysis (VAA) method is introduced in the paper to predict the various effects of joining during actual collaborative design. As a case study, arc welding and riveting processes are investigated. New service-oriented VAA architecture and its VAA components are proposed and implemented on prototype mechanical assemblies.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1156-1169
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• 2000

The study was aimed at developing an independent hospice center model that would be best suited for Korea based on a literature review and the current status of local and international hospices. For the study, five local and six international hospice organizations were surveyed. Components of the hospice center model include philosophy, purpose, resources (workers, facilities, and equipment), allocation of resources, management, financial support and hospice team service. The following is a summary of the developed model: Philosophies for the hospice center were set as follows: based on the dignity of human life and humanism, help patients spend the rest of their days in a meaningful way and accept life positively. On the staff side, to pursue a team-oriented holistic approach to improve comfort and quality of life for terminally ill persons and their families. The hospice center should have 20 beds with single, two, and four bed rooms. The center should employ, either on a part-time or full-time basis, a center director, nurses, doctors, chaplains, social workers, pharmacists, dieticians, therapists, and volunteers. In addition, it will need an administrative staff, facility managers and nurses aides. The hospice should also be equipped with facilities for patients, their families, and team members, furnished with equipment and goods at the same level of a hospital. represented by a center director who reports to a board and an advisory committee. Also, the center director administers a steering committee and five departments, namely, Administration, Nursing Service, Social Welfare, Religious Services, and Medical Service. Furthermore, the center should be able to utilize a direct and support delivery systems. The direct delivery system allows the hospice center to receive requests from, or transfer patients to, hospitals, clinics, other hospice organizations (by type), public health centers, religious organizations, social welfare organizations, patients, and their guardians. On the other hand, the support delivery system provides a link to outside facilities of various medical suppliers. In terms of management, details were made with regards to personnel management, records, infection control, safety, supplies and quality management. For financial support, some form of medical insurance coverage for hospice services, ways to promote a donation system and fund raising were examined. Hospice team service to be provided by the hospice center was categorized into assessment, physical care, emotional care, spiritual care, bereavement service, medication, education and demonstrations, medical supplies rental, request service, volunteer service, and respite service. Based on the results, the study has drawn up the following suggestions: 1. The proposed model for a hospice center as presented in the study needs to be tested with a pilot project. 2. Studies on criteria for legal approval and license for a hospice center need to be conducted to develop policies. 3. Studies on developing a hospice charge system and hospice standards that meet local conditions in Korea need to be conducted.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권12호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of the study was to investigate operation system of current convenience store and competing retail store and to find out development of unattended convenience store. Operators can save labor cost and solve labor seeking when opening shop under suitable environment and commerce area, and assure of employee's safety. Customers are allowed to select commodity comfortably without disclosure of face and to shorten standby time at simple store opening, buying and paying and to produce convenient living environment by financing, delivery and goods control. This study examined effect and problems of operation of existing and unattended convenience store from point of view of visual merchandising to find out model of unattended convenience store and to strengthen competitiveness of convenience store business. Research design, data, and methodology - Research procedure of accomplishment of goal of the study was: The study investigated state of distribution business, and role and definition of VMD. First, VMD played an important role of promotion and competitiveness of unattended convenience stores. Second, the author investigated research and cases of unattended convenience stores 14 months, that is to say, from August 15, 2017 to October 15, 2018. Third, the author investigated on-the-spot three of common convenience stores, three of unattended convenience stores and three of retailers one month, that is to say, June 1, 2018 to July 1, 2018. The subject was convenience stores and retailers selling similar type of products at Seoul and metropolitan area. Results - Layout, selling place, brand identity, goods assortment, authentication system, product information cognition and control, buying and payment system, security system, salesmen, promotion and other services should be improved from point of view of merchandising. Structure, furniture, lighting, voice, façade, VP, PP, IP and POP should be developed. Conclusions - Unattended convenience stores saved operating cost and lessened labor and gave visitors convenience and comfortable shopping and made use of resources effectively. Further studies with quantitative analysis shall find out strategic conditions for promotion of unattended convenience stores.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2001

대나무의 시대적 사상 의미를 재분석하여 21C 문화산업 시대에 천연 소재로서 새로운 의미와 환경친화적 부가가치를 창출하는데 기여하고자 하였다. 대나무의 잠재유효성과 함께 미래 죽재산업과 죽세공예의 발전가능성을 제시하였다. 죽매합판 및 대나무 모양지가 개발됨에 따라 지역 직능별 기술제휴로 시장 활성화를 꾀하고, 고 부가가치 창출을 위한 죽세장식타일을 개발하였다. 대나무 수종과 특성, 원자재 가공 및 표현 방법을 고찰하였고 급변하는 기술로 전통 기능과의 접목 표현상 기술(記述)적 오류를 재 규명하였으며, 죽재합판의 활용도를 높이기 위해 국내외 응용 개발 사례를 분석하였다. 죽세장식 타일은 대나무 모양지를 바탕으로 한 가구문(door)장식과 실내장식용으로 개발하였다. 문양 디자인은 한국 전통 문양으로 십장생의 장수, 새천년을 의미한 거북, 학, 사슴을 단순하게 패턴화하여 생동감 있게 표현하였으며, 해, 산 시리즈는 대쪽의 바림 효과를 통한 빛살 이미지와 죽재질의 효과를 극대화했다. 卍 문양은 우주의 신비, 불교시찰 의미와 함께 전통 조각보완 칠교판 놀이, 아리랑 등의 이미지를 총합하여 한국 문양으로 장식성을 높였다. 죽세장식타일은 본 연구자의 20여 년 간 죽세가공 기술경험 축척과 담양 죽물공예단지 설비 및 가구 제작업체의 공조하에 이루어졌다. 현재 원자재 가공은 현지(담양) 설비를 이용하고 있으며, 시제품 개발과 함께 대학 내 디자인 벤처 '조선대방'에서 제작 납품하고 있다. 개발 제품은 가구 업체 주문에 의해 가구문에 장식되어 시판 중에 있다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.27-62
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• 2002

The international sale contract is the central contracts in export-import transactions. A good sale contract or set of general conditions of sale will cover all the principal elements of the transaction, so that uncertainties are avoided. The parties' respective duties as concern the payment mechanism, transport contract and insurance responsibilities, inter alia, will all be clearly detailed in the contract. The following key clauses should be included in international contracts of sale and general conditions of sale: ${\bullet}$ preamble ${\bullet}$ identification of parties ${\bullet}$ description of goods ${\bullet}$ price and payment conditions ${\bullet}$ delivery periods and conditions ${\bullet}$ inspection of the goods - obligations and limitations ${\bullet}$ quantity or quality variations in the products delivered ${\bullet}$ reservation of title and passing of property rights ${\bullet}$ transfer of risk - how accomplished ${\bullet}$ seller's warranties and buyer's complaints ${\bullet}$ assignment of rights ${\bullet}$ force majeure clause and hardship clause ${\bullet}$ requirement that amendments and modifications be in writing ${\bullet}$ choice of law ${\bullet}$ choice of dispute resolution mechanism Under most systems of law, a party can be excused from a failure to perform a contract obligation which is caused by the intervention of a totally unforeseeable event, such as the outbreak of war, or an act of God such as an earthquake or hurricane. Under the American commercial code (UCC) the standard for this relief is one of commercial impracticability. In contrast, many civil law jurisdictions apply the term force majeure to this problem. Under CISG, the standard is based on the concept of impediments to performance. Because of the differences between these standards, parties might be well advised to draft their own force majeure, hardship, or excusable delays clause. The ICC publication, "Force Majeure and Hardship" provides a sample force majeure clause which can be incorporated by reference, as well as a hardship clause which must be expressly integrated in the contract. In addition, the ICC Model provides a similar, somewhat more concise formulation of a force majeure clause. When the seller wishes to devise his own excusable delays clause, he will seek to anticipate in its provision such potential difficulties as those related to obtaining government authorisations, changes in customs duties or regulations, drastic fluctuations in labour, materials, energy, or transportation prices, etc.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.361-372
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• 2023

본 연구는 명품 패션 스타트업 플랫폼인 발란·트렌비·머스트잇 3사를 연구대상으로 선정하여, 각 3사의 온라인 사이트에서 진행하고 있는 마케팅 믹스 전략을 비교, 분석하는데 목적이 있으며, 우리의 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 명품 플랫폼 3사의 상품전략은 하이엔드 브랜드부터 SPA 브랜드 까지의 상품구성과 여성복, 남성복 이외에 키즈, 홈리빙 등과 같은 상품구성이 특징이며 이외에도 중고상품, 예술품등 에 이르는 상품군의 다양화가 특징으로 보여진다. 또한, 명품플랫폼의 가격전략은 동일제품이어도 명품 플랫폼에 따라 가격 차이를 보이고 있는데, 이는 3사 플랫폼이 모두 병행수입과 구매대행의 유통구조로 운영하며, 이러한 플랫폼의 유통 운영방식 차이에 따라 플랫폼이 직접 마진을 결정하는 구조로 보여진다. 따라서 각 플랫폼마다 가격 경쟁력의 우위를 확보하기 위해 백화점 등 오프라인 매장에 없는 할인쿠폰, 적립금 등을 통해 오프라인 매장보다 저렴한 명품구매의 기회를 제공하고 있었다. 마지막으로 명품 플랫폼 3사의 판매촉진전략은 가격할인, 할인쿠폰, 상시세일 등의 가격할인 판촉과 회원가입/리뷰 적립금, 이벤트, 상품정보, 배송서비스, 사회공헌활동, SNS활용 등의 가치부가적 판매촉진을 활용하고 있었다.