• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.667-675
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• 2016

Nanoemulsions are actively used in several applications for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industries. In this study, we propose the use of microfluidizer known as high pressure homogenizer to prepare lipid nanoemulsion as a potent cosmetic delivery carrier. The lipid nanoemulsions were prepared by O/W emulsion with hydrogenated lecithin and different type of oils. Effects of oil type on the stability of the lipid nanoemulsion were investigated with Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta-potential. Arbutin was used as model drug for transdermal administration through hairless mouse skin. Transdermal arbutin delivery using the lipid nanoemulsions was studied with HPLC method.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.365-368
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• 2007

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the enhancement effect of low-frequency ultrasound on skin permeation. In vitro permeation experiments were performed using Franz modified diffusion cells with ketoprofen as model drug. The effect of various ultrasound factors-ultrasound application mode (continuous mode and discontinuous mode), ultrasound intensity (0.26 $W/cm^2$, and 0.29 $W/cm^2$) and duty cycle (3%, 16%, 50%, and 83%) were studied. The highest permeation was observed at 0.29 $W/cm^2$ intensity, 50% duty cycle, and discontinuous mode. The result suggested the feasibility of low frequency ultrasound application for the phonophoretic transdermal drug delivery system.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.258-269
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• 2022

In these days, innovative functions are required to unmanned parcel delivery lockers. As non-face-to-face transactions become the center due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, many problem occurs in society such as theft crimes and lack of loading space. Therefore, New concept storage device is developed in korea. It has the functions that minimizes empty spaces by using the internal transport device to enable efficient space loading and refrigerate goods such as foods. In order to systematically approach the system design of the unmanned parcel delivery lockers which is the new function is applied, We applied model-based system engineering to improve the development efficiency and use a system modeling language to express the system. We conducted interworking research of CAD data including system modeling and design data. it is expected that this method will increase the effective development efficiency such as maintenance traceability and reduction of development period and cost.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.329-337
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• 2023

For safe last-mile autonomous robot delivery services in complex environments, rapid and accurate collision prediction and detection is vital. This study proposes a suitable neural network model that relies on multiple navigation sensors. A light detection and ranging technique is used to measure the relative distances to potential collision obstacles along the robot's path of motion, and an accelerometer is used to detect impacts. The proposed method tightly couples relative distance and acceleration time-series data in a complementary fashion to minimize errors. A long short-term memory, fully connected layer, and SoftMax function are integrated to train and classify the rapidly changing collision countermeasure state during robot motion. Simulation results show that the proposed method effectively performs collision prediction and detection for various obstacles.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-53
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• 2013

The paper addresses the introduction of outsourcing of delivery service for the small service industries such as delivery based restaurant in order to increase the profit and revenue of the service company, upgrade the delivery satisfaction for the customers, and expand the welfare of the senior people through the work. The chinese restaurants are selected as model service companies, outsourcing of delivery services are suggested for those restaurants and simulation models are developed for all operation systems for them. Some of input data for the simulation are collected from the real world and others are refined through the interview with the field workers. 6 scenarios are established considering the number of deliverers and delivery charges and simulation experiments for each scenario have been done according to the 3 kind of situations of the service companies. The results show that introduction of outsourcing increases the revenue and profit of the service company, decreases the service time for the customers and increases the revenue of the delivery outsourcing company employing the senior people. So delivery outsourcing for the service industries can be considered as a good solution for the welfare problem of the senior people.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.14-27
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of 'delivery service quality' of online fresh food shopping malls on 'e-satisfaction' and 'repurchase intention' of online customers. Research design, data, and methodology - To demonstrate the relationship between the delivery service quality of online fresh food shopping mall and the e-customer satisfaction and repurchase intention, the research model was designed with 5 sub-factors (promptness, accuracy, economy, safety, information) based on the contents of previous studies. The data collection is conducted with sampling survey. The participants are customers who have visited, purchased and received their orders within the last 6 months in online fresh food shopping malls. This study analyzed collected data, then confirmed and finalized the hypothesis by using IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 statistical program. Results - Hypothesis 1: The service quality of online fresh food shopping mall will have a statistically significant effect on online customers' e-customer satisfaction. Hypothesis 2: The service quality of online fresh food shopping mall will affect the repurchase intention of online customers. Hypothesis 3: The e-customer satisfaction of online fresh food shopping mall will have a statistically significant effect on repurchase intention. Among the 5 sub-factors (promptness, accuracy, economy, safety, information) of delivery service quality, three factors such as promptness, accuracy, and safety have stronger influence on e-satisfaction and repurchase intention of online customers. Conclusions - This study has proven the feasibility and viability of the hypotheses that 1) The excellent delivery service quality of an online fresh food shopping mall primarily affects e-customer satisfaction; and that 2) Ecustomer satisfaction will secondarily serve to improve repurchase intention.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.390-395
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• 2006

Recently, construction industry demands have been changed by domestic construction circumstances such as high-technology, mega-projects, and the complexity of construction. In order to deal with the change of such a domestic construction circumstances, the Ministry of Construction and Transportation (MOCT) has introduced advanced delivery methods (i..e, CM, DB, etc.). However, the advantages and disadvantages of the advanced delivery methods have not been effectively applied for previous projects. The reason for this is that the "Reviewing Standard for the Large-scale Construction Bidding Method" has not reflected enough project characteristics when the delivery method is selected in the project planning phase. Therefore, this paper proposes the model for selecting criteria of delivery method based on project characteristics in the Multi-housing projects.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.169-189
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• 2012

Based upon the provision of limitation of copyrights, libraries may provide the document delivery service which supplies copies of journal articles and book chapters owned at other libraries by request of users. However, more proactive information service is required as more users want to use the digital delivery of documents published overseas. This study reviews copyright law of Korea and international conventions related to the document delivery service. It then examines foreign cases to see how overseas information centers clear copyrights. Finally this study suggests that copyright clearance methods be adopted to make a proactive information service. Through those methods, a new information service model may be planned, which meets various information needs while protecting copyright.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.74-90
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• 1998

This descriptive study sought to define the relationship between women's health status and the experience of Sanhujori, Korean traditional non-professional postpartal care after delivery and abortion. A convenience sample of 308 women in 7 provinces in Korea including Seoul were studied from December, 1994 to December, 1996 for two years. Mean age of respondents was 50.5 years and mean number of children was 3. The rate of abortion was 91.5% and mean frequency was 2.2 times per woman. 82% of respondents did not have Sanhujori after abortion. The period and subjective evaluation of experience of Sanhujori after delivery were decreased according to the increment of the number of childbirth. The health status implies both subjective health status women perceived and physical symptom distress women are experiencing presently, The respondents expressed the physical symptom distress as painful one. 56.7% of respondents perceived unhealthy, such as sick and 99.6% complained more than one symptom. The factors related to health status were the first and third experience of Sanhujori after delivery, such as the period and subjective evaluation whether she did Sanhujori well or not; whether or not of Sanhujori after abortion and menopause: the number of child: and age. at the level of 1% or 5% of significance statistically. The factors related to the rate of physical sumptom distress were only two: the first experience of Sanhujori after delivery, especially the subjective evaluation and whether women did Sanhujori after abortion or not. at the level of 1% or 5% of significance statistically. In conclusion. this finding reconfirmed the possible relationship between women's health status and the experience of Sanhujori after delivery & abortion. It provides a challenge to the professional care givers .to research further on the effects of Sanhujori on the health status. health recovery after abortion or delivery from the various aspects through the cross-sectional and longitudinal research for the refinement of the reality of Sanhujori not only as cultural phenomenon but as conceptual model for the appropriateness of intervention and qualty of care for desirable health outcomes. Besides, it is indispensable to refine and reestablish postpartal caring system by finding universal law through international & cross-cultural research on postpartal traditional care for women's life long health toward the 21C

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 2022

In the Chinese workplace, the use of SNS such as Wechat and QQ for work delivery out of duty hours has become a very common phenomenon, which is also known as the "new night shift". This study is to empirically analyze the effect of work delivery using SNS out of duty hours on job performance. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 310 Chinese workplace employees. In order to verify the hypothesis, structural equation model analysis will be implemented. Analyzing the questionnaire data and receiving frequent work delivery using SNS out of duty hours will increase job stress, aggravate the conflicts between work and family, and lead to the decrease of job engagement and job performance. The study provides implications for the establishment of related theories by providing a different view form previous research results that work delivery using SNS out of duty hours will definitely improve job performance. In addition, in future studies, it will be necessary to analyze the effect of the moderating effect in converging these conflicting views.