• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
• /
• 제53권9호
• /
• pp.663-669
• /
• 2004

The mobile tole-cardiology system is the new research area that support an ubiquitous health care based on mobile telecommunication networks. Although there are many researches presenting the modeling concepts of a GSM-based mobile telemedical system, practical application needs to be considered both compression performance and error corruption in the mobile environment. This paper evaluates three wavelet ECG compression algorithms over CDMA networks. The three selected methods are Rajoub using EPE thresholding, Embedded Zerotree Wavelet(EZW) and Wavelet transform Higher Order Statistics Coding(WHOSC) with linear prediction. All methodologies protected more significant information using Forward Error Correction coding and measured not only compression performance in noise-free but also error robustness and delay profile in CDMA environment. In addition, from the field test we analyzed the PRD for movement speed and the features of CDMA 1X. The test results show that Rajoub has low robustness over high error attack and EZW contributes to more efficient exploitation in variable bandwidth and high error. WHOSC has high robustness in overall BER but loses performance about particular abnormal ECG.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2010년도 제39회 하계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.109-109
• /
• 2010

최근 AC-PDP에서 MgO Protective Layer 위에 별도의 기능막(Functional Layer)을 사용하고 있는데, 이 기능막인 MgO 나노 입자는 장시간 구동시 AC_PDP panel내에서 plasma 방전에 의하여 MgO Protective Layer와 기능막이 방전 공간에 형성 된 이온에 의해 Sputtering 또는 재 증착 될 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 조성이 다른 기능막이 적용된 AC-PDP Test panel을 제작하여 장시간 구동 후 기능막인 두 가지 다른 MgO 나노 입자의 재형성된 형태를 주사 전자 현미경(Scanning Electron Microscope)을 통해 Surface Profile 및 구조의 변화를 분석하고, 또한 음극선 분광 분석(Cathodoluminascence)을 통하여 방전 영역과 비방전 영역의 delay time, 방전전압 및 효율 등의 전기 광학적 특성과의 관계를 분석하고자 한다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.213-224
• /
• 2003

제안된 알고리듬은 채널 잡음전력에 따라 적응적으로 문턱값 레벨을 결정하는 적응 문턱값 설정방식을 사용하여 채널특성에 관계없이 항상 최적의 문턱값을 설정한다. 또한, 이것은 그 추정성능이 다중경로채널에서의 전력지연 프로파일 변동에 대해 덜 민감하도록 만드는 특별하게 설계된 훈련심볼을 사용한다. 그 결과, 제안된 기법의 추정성능은 채널특성 변동에 대해 영향을 적게 받는다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.150-158
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The RAM objective is a very important factor that has a great effect on the improvement of the operation ration during the operation maintenance and the reduction of the life cycle cost. It is used as a design criterion during the system development, and its sufficiency should be evaluated during its test evaluation. Method: This study analyzed the cases related to RAM objective setting and suggested the improvement measures. Result: The base data for RAM objective is OMS/MP, which needs to be drawn up under the supervision of the requirement military, and a high-accuracy operating availability should be set through ALDT calculation which reflects the military logistics support environment. In addition, data collection necessary for RAM objective and RAM analysis should be made by supplementing the input data of DELIIS. Conclusion: This study suggests improvement of RAM objective considering for the weapon system.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2009년도 제38회 동계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.419-419
• /
• 2010

최근 AC-PDP의 효율향상을 위해 MgO Protective Layer 위에 별도의 기능막(Functional Layer)을 적용하고 있으며 기능막의 재료로는 MgO 나노 입자를 사용하고 있다. 그러나 장시간 구동시 AC-PDP Panel 내에서 Plasma 방전에 의하여 MgO Protective Layer와 기능막이 방전 공간에 형성 된 이온에 의해 Sputtering 또는 재 증착 될 수 있다. 본 실험에서는 기능막이 적용된 AC-PDP Test Panel을 제작하여 장시간 구동 후 MgO Protective Layer와 기능막인 MgO 나노 입자의 재형성된 형태를 주사 전자 현미경(Scanning Electron Microscope)을 통해 Surface Profile 및 구조의 변화를 분석하고, 또한 음극선 분광 분석(Cathodoluminascence)을 통하여 방전 영역과 비방전 영역의 delay time, 방전전압 및 효율 등의 전기 광학적 특성과의 관계를 분석하고자 한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.759-765
• /
• 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer of women in Pakistan with the majority presenting with stage III or IV lesionsat initial diagnosis. Patient and health system related factors are well known determinants of delay in presentation and diagnosis. Additionally, breast cancer being a heterogeneous disease, the various molecular subtypes featuring different aggressiveness also need to be considered. The present study evaluated the association of stage at initial diagnosis of breast cancer with these two factors in local women at a tertiary level health care facility in Lahore, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: Patient and tumor features were recorded separately during diagnostic workup in Breast Clinics at INMOL and at Services Hospital, Lahore. Data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test. Results: Among the 261 patients, 64% were staged as late breast cancer (LBC), the mean age was 46.8 with standard deviation of 13 years. Some 92% had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 61% had luminal types (LT) of non-aggressive tumor while 39% had the non-luminal types (NLT) of of HER2-enriched or basal aggressive tumors. While 70% of patients presented within one year of symptomatic disease (early report group "ERG"), 30% reported after a mean delay of 4 years with a standard deviation of 3.75 years. The stage distribution among ERG patients was not statistically different from those reporting late (P=0.123). Statistically larger proportion of patients with NLT presented as LBC as compared to the LT (P =0.034). Among the ERG, statistically different stage distribution of disease was observed for the NLT versus LT (P=0.047). Among those presenting late, this difference was insignificant (P=0.416). Conclusions: Breast cancer is a distinct disease in Pakistan with a high frequency of aggressive molecular types affecting younger women, with the majority presenting as LBC. Association of NLT with higher stage at diagnosis is statistically significant whereas time delay in diagnosis is not. Further research is required to define the risk profile and features in local patients. The burden of LBC can be reduced by promoting breast health awareness and by establishing easily accessible dedicated breast care set ups in the hospitals.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
• /
• pp.1182-1182
• /
• 2001

In this study, the newly constructed optical measurement system, which was mainly composed of a parametric tunable laser and a near infrared photoelectric multiplier, was introduced to clarify the optical characteristics of wood as discontinuous body with anisotropic cellular structure from the viewpoint of the time-of-flight near infrared spectroscopy (TOF-NIRS). The combined effects of the cellular structure of wood sample, the wavelength of the laser beam λ, and the detection position of transmitted light on the time resolved profiles were investigated in detail. The variation of the attenuance of peak maxima At, the time delay of peak maxima Δt and the variation of full width at half maximum Δw were strongly dependent on the feature of cellular structure of a sample and the wavelength of the laser beam. The substantial optical path length became about 30 to 35 times as long as sample thickness except the absorption band of water. Δt ${\times}$ Δw representing the light scattering condition increased exponentially with the sample thickness or the distance between the irradiation point and the end of sample. Around the λ=900-950 nm, there may be considerable light scattering in the lumen of tracheid, which is multiple specular reflection and easy to propagate along the length of wood fiber. Such tendency was remarkable for soft wood with the aggregate of thin layers of cell walls. When we apply TOF-NIRS to the cellular structural materials like wood, it is very important to give attention to the difference in the light scattering within cell wall and the multiple specular-like reflections between cell walls. We tried to express the characteristics of the time resolved profile on the basis of the optical parameters for light propagation determined by the previous studies, which were absorption coefficient K and scattering coefficient S from Kubelka-Munk theory and n from nth power cosine model of radiant intensity. The wavelength dependency of the product of K/S and n, which expressed the light-absorbing and -scattering condition and the degree of anisotropy, respectively, was similar to that of the time delay of peak maxima Δt. The variation of the time resolved profile is governed by the combination of these parameters. So, we can easily find the set of parameters for light propagation synthetically from Δt.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.114-121
• /
• 2016

Objectives: Lung cancer remains a deadly disease with unsatisfactory overall survival. Cisplatin, a standard platinum (Pt)-based chemotherapeutic agent, has the potential to inhibit the growth of lung cancer. Its use, however, is occasionally limited by severe organ toxicity. However, until now, no systematic study has been conducted to verify its efficacy with proper experimental support in vivo. Therefore, we examined whether biosynthesized Pt nanoparticles (NPs) inhibited human lung cancer in vitro and in vivo to validate their use in alternative and complementary medicine. Methods: We evaluated the in vitro and the in vivo anticancer efficiencies of biosynthesized Pt NPs in a subcutaneous xenograft model with A549 cells. Severe combined immune deficient mice (SCID) were divided into four groups: group 1 being the vehicle control group and groups 2, 3 and 4 being the experimental groups. Once the tumor volume had reached $70-75mm^3$, the progression profile of the tumor growth kinetics and the body weights of the mice were measured every week for 6 weeks after oral administration of Pt NPs. Doses of Pt NPs of 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg of body weight were administered to the experimental groups and a dose of honey was administered to the vehicle control group. The efficacy was quantified by using the delay in tumor growth following the administration of Pt NPs of A549 human-lung-cancer xenografts growing in SCID mice. Results: The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation indicated that Pt NPs, in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited the growth of A549 cells, and the in vivo evaluation showed that Pt NPs at the mid and high doses effectively inhibited and delayed the growth of lung cancer in SCID mice. Conclusion: These findings confirm the antitumor properties of biosynthesized Pt NPs and suggest that they may be a cost-effective alternative for the treatment of patients with lung cancer.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.487-497
• /
• 2017

Semi-active devices use the building's own motion to produce resistive forces and are thus strictly dissipative and require little power. Devices that independently control the binary open/closed valve state can enable novel device hysteresis loops that were not previously possible. However, some device hysteresis loops cannot be obtained without active analog valve control allowing slower, controlled release of stored energy, and is presents an ongoing limitation in obtaining the full range of possibilities offered by these devices. This in silico study develops a proportional-derivative feedback control law using a validated nonlinear device model to track an ideal diamond-shaped force-displacement response profile using active analog valve control. It is validated by comparison to the ideal shape for both sinusoidal and random seismic input motions. Structural application specific spectral analysis compares the performance for the non-linear, actively controlled case to those obtained with an ideal, linear model to validate that the potential performance will be retained when considering realistic nonlinear behaviour and the designed valve control approach. Results show tracking of the device force-displacement loop to within 3-5% of the desired ideal curve. Valve delay, rather than control law design, is the primary limiting factor, and analysis indicates a ratio of valve delay to structural period must be 1/10 or smaller to ensure adequate tracking, relating valve performance to structural period and overall device performance under control. Overall, the results show that active analog feedback control of energy release in these devices can significantly increase the range of resetable, valve-controlled semi-active device performance and hysteresis loops, in turn increasing their performance envelop and application space.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제44권5호
• /
• pp.76-84
• /
• 2007

본 논문에서는 가구나 생활 가전기기가 포함된 실내 아파트 환경에서의 I-UWB 시스템의 전송채널 특성을 측정하였다. 전송환경 특성은 10[MHz]${\sim}$16.01[GHz]의 영역에 대해 LOS와 NLOS 환경에서 주파수 영역과 시간 영역에 대해 측정하였다. 측정 데이터로부터 전파특성을 분석하기 위해 파라미터 도출 프로그램을 제작하여 PDP를 도출하였고, PDP로부터 다양한 전파 특성 파라미터를 산출하였다. 또한 채널특성에 따른 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해 Simulink로 I-UWB 시스템의 simulator를 모델링하고, 측정된 채널 모델을 삽입하여 모의실험 하였다. 모의실험 결과 SNR 20[dB] 이상에서 BER이 $10^{-5}$ 이하인 것을 확인할 수 있었다.