• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.1205-1220
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to verify the change of body posture by putting on the late $19^{th}$ century English women's bodice or waistcoat. This study analyzed the female somatotype which puts on upper garments of Victorian era with using 3D body scan technology. Two sets of $19^{th}$ century women's bodice and waistcoat patterns were developed with the $19^{th}$ century model size and those patterns were used for making the experimental garments. The fit of experimental garments was evaluated by the degree of change with posture and waist measurements. Three women with the same waist girth measurements with the model size were participated to the fitting test. The postural change was measured from cross-sectional body diagrams. The result of this study showed that the waist measurement of the late $19^{th}$ century English women's bodice and waistcoat pattern was smaller than the waist girth measurement. These garments compressed the midriff of the body and it made women's distinct body silhouette. The waist girth measurement of 1876 bodice pattern was 9.2cm smaller than presented model size. The subjects' waist girth measurements were shortened by 5.0~6.1cm after wearing the 1876 bodice garment. The waist girth measurement of 1880 waistcoat pattern was 7.1cm smaller than presented model size. The subjects' waist girth measurements were shortened by 2.7~3.7cm after wearing the 1880 waistcoat garment. The back side parts of their waist were compressed and their postures were changed. The neck and shoulders were moved forward after wearing the experimental garments. These results showed that body posture could be changed to "S" shape silhouette as wearing the late $19^{th}$ century English women's bodice or waistcoat.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.233-238
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE. This study aims to compare the marginal fitness of two types of implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis, i.e., cementless fixation (CL.F) system and cement-retained type. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In each group, ten specimens were assessed. Each specimen comprised implant lab analog, titanium abutment fabricated with a 2-degree tapered axial wall, and zirconia crown. The crown of the CL.F system was retained by frictional force between abutment and relined composite resin. In the cement-retained type, zinc oxide eugenol cement was used to set crown and abutment. All specimens were sterilized with ethylene oxide, immersed in Prevotella intermedia culture in a 50 mL tube, and incubated with rotation. After 48 h, the specimens were washed thoroughly before separating the crown and abutment. The bacteria that penetrated into the crown-abutment interface were collected by washing with 500 µL of sterile saline. The bacterial cell number was quantified using the agar plate count technique. The BacTiter-Glo Microbial Cell Viability Assay Kit was used to measure bacterial adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-bioluminescence, which reflects the bacterial viability. The t-test was performed, and the significance level was set at 5%. RESULTS. The number of penetrating bacterial cells assessed by colony-forming units was approximately 33% lower in the CL.F system than in the cement-retained type (P<.05). ATP-bioluminescence was approximately 41% lower in the CL.F system than in the cement-retained type (P<.05). CONCLUSION. The CL.F system is more resistant to bacterial penetration into the abutment-crown interface than the cement-retained type, thereby indicating a precise marginal fit.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.527-544
• /
• 2008

Generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is frequently applied in hydrologic extreme value analysis. The main objective of statistics of extremes is the prediction of rare events, and the primary problem has been the estimation of the threshold and the exceedances which were difficult without an accurate method of calculation. In this paper, to obtain the threshold or the exceedances, four methods were considered. For this comparison a GPD model was used to estimate parameters and quantiles for the seven durations (1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours) and the ten return periods (2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 80 and 100 years). The parameters and quantiles of the three-parameter generalized Pareto distribution were estimated with three methods (MOM, ML and PWM). To estimate the degree of fit, three methods (K-S, CVM and A-D test) were performed and the relative root mean squared error (RRMSE) was calculated for a Monte Carlo generated sample. Then the performance of these methods were compared with the objective of identifying the best method from their number.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.107-117
• /
• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to establish a model of the predictive factors for success or failure of examinees undertaking the Korean physical therapist licensing examination (KPTLE). Additionally, we assessed the pass/fail cut-off point. Methods : We analyzed the results of 10,881 examinees who undertook the KPTLE, using data provided by the Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute. The target variable was the test result (pass or fail), and the input variables were: sex, age, test subject, and total score. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, correlation analysis, binary logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed on the data. Results : Sex and age were not significant predictors of attaining a pass (p>.05). The test subjects with the highest probability of passing were, in order, medical regulation (MR) (Odds ratio (OR)=2.91, p<.001), foundations of physical therapy (FPT) (OR=2.86, p<.001), diagnosis and evaluation for physical therapy (DEPT) (OR=2.74, p<.001), physical therapy intervention (PTI) (OR=2.66, p<.001), and practical examination (PE) (OR=1.24, p<.001). The cut-off points for each subject were: FPT, 32.50; DEPT, 29.50; PTI, 44.50; MR, 14.50; and PE, 50.50. The total score (TS) was 164.50. The sensitivity, specificity, and the classification accuracy of the prediction model was 99 %, 98 %, and 99 %, respectively, indicating high accuracy. Area under the curve (AUC) values for each subject were: FPT, .958; DEPT, .968; PTI, .984; MR, .885; PE, .962; and TS, .998, indicating a high degree of fit. Conclusion : In our study, the predictive factors for passing KPTLE were identified, and the optimal cut-off point was calculated for each subject. Logistic regression was adequate to explain the predictive model. These results will provide universities and examinees with useful information for predicting their success or failure in the KPTLE.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2024

The aquatic ecosystem of rivers, where various biological groups inhabit, is influenced by suspended sediment. However, there is a lack of quantitative and objective methods and criteria for evaluating this impact. The purpose of this study is to analyze through experiments the effects of suspended sediment on Glyptotendipes tokunagai, a benthic invertebrate in rivers. Experiments were conducted to investigate the survival count of individuals exposed to varying suspended sediment concentrations (turbidity) and exposure durations. Various regression analysis methods were performed on the experimental results to propose a model for evaluating the impact of suspended sediment on Glyptotendipes tokunagai. The coefficient of determination (R-squared) of the proposed model was 0.903, indicating a high degree of fit. The findings of this study could serve as foundational data for assessing the influence of suspended sediment on various organisms inhabiting rivers.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.651-658
• /
• 2010

This paper is to study adequacy of developing tutorial series for primary school students regarding MOS certification and to analyze a validity. In order to analyze a level of difficulty, current primary teaching materials being used after class, in comparison with ICT discretionary hour materials being used through primary discretionary class, were evaluated. It was done by primary teachers with in- depth understanding of a level of difficulty and after class instructors using Likert scale through quantitative analysis. As a result, level of PowerPoint has a satisfactory fit (76%), however, the degree of difficulty of Word and Excel is quite high. On its subject matter, there is quite a dispute with present curriculum. Therefore, in order to introduce MS-Word or Excel, it is necessary to adjust a level of difficulty or related subjects according to the level of students.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.54-61
• /
• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the degree of contamination in private-drinking water supply (PDWS) and simple-piped water supply (SPWS), and to compare of water quality between them for 3 years from 1990 to 1992. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Private-drinking water supply (PDWS) (1) Field-Site (ㄱ) The items which were very significantly over the criteria (p<0.01), were temp., pH, NO-N, standard plate count (S.P.C.) and Coliform. (ㄴ) No. of households which were over the criteria, were 11.2~51.7% in temp., pH, NH$_3$-N and NO$_2$-N, and 83.1~93.3% in NO-N, S.P.C. and Coliform. (2) Moutain-Site (ㄱ) The items which were over the criteria, were NO$_2$-N (p<0.05), S.P.C. (p<0.01) and Coliform (p<0.01). (ㄴ) No. of households which were over the criteria, were 33.6 ~ 75.6% in NO$_2$-N, S.P.C. and Coliform. (3) No. of households which were fit to the criteria of all items, were 9.0% in field-site and 14.1% in mountain-site. 2. Simple-piped water supply (SPWS) (1) The items which were very significantly over the critera (p<0.01), were standard plate count (S.P.C.) and Coliform. (2) The water qualities of adjacent and remote samples were better than those of source samples. (3) Residual chloride was not detected in any sample. In conclusion, rural community requires to be continually performed the policy of safety drinking water supply, and to be devised an epoch-making counterplan for the level-up of simple-piped water supply (SPWS), espically on the method of disinfection.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2012

The statistics of the safety accidents in labs show that the biggest reason for them is researchers' carelessness and insecure actions. In this way, the safety accidents in labs are affected a lot by researchers' safety consciousness. Therefore, in order to prevent the safety accidents in labs, this study aims at measuring the degree of researchers' safety consciousness, grasping the elements affecting their safety consciousness and suggesting the measures to improve the lacking safety consciousness. To accomplish this goal, a survey was conducted and analyzed on the safety consciousness of 1,226 researchers working at 10 government- supported research institutes in Daedeok R&D Complex. As a results, the measures to improve researchers' safety consciousness will be suggested as follows. First, in an environmental aspect, improvement of labs' environment exposed to danger, interest and participation of CEO, regular discussion on the safety in labs, installment of safety equipments in labs, and enlargement of individual labs are necessary. Second, in an educational aspect, the safety education offered by institutes need to be enhanced, experiential safety education fit for the characteristics of research should be applied, the time for safety education must be observed, and the communication among team members through the collective education in department units and safe culture through the campaigns to enhance safety consciousness have to be established. Third, in a systematic aspect, sanctions have to be imposed on the researchers who do not attend safety education, the number of safety supervisors and safety budget of labs should be increased, a safety certification system need to be introduced when a lab is built, the problems in safety have to be open to all departments and rewards for the persons of merit in labs should be extended.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.17-35
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the different consumption patterns of fashion products according to the demographic characteristics and religious variables of Muslim women in Indonesia. The research method consisted of a questionnaire, which surveyed Muslim women in Indonesia, whose ages ranged from teens to 40s. The final questionnaire made use of 301 responses, and the analysis methods included 𝛘²-testing, factor analysis, and ANOVA. The results of this survey are as follows: For differences in average monthly clothing purchase costs, there were significant differences according to age, monthly income, final education, and whether or not the respondent wore a hijab, but there was also significant difference according to marital status and religious faithfulness. Muslim women's clothing purchasing factors were practicality, visibility, fit-to-wear, and design. In terms of the differences in factors which were considered when purchasing clothing, they depended on whether or not the respondent was married, practicality and visibility according to age, visibility according to final education, and religious faithfulness. There were significant differences in practicality and visibility, but not according to monthly income. When accounting for the differences in the places where Muslim women bought fashion products, there were significant differences according to marital status and age. In terms of the differences in reasons for choosing a place of purchase, there were significant differences according to age, monthly income, final education, and the degree of hijab wearing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.57-70
• /
• 2024

In order to present a predictive drift model, Jeju National University's training ship was tested for about 11 hours and 40 minutes, and 81 samples that selected one of the entire samples at ten-minute intervals were subjected to regression analysis after verifying outliers and influence points. In the outlier and influence point analysis, although there is a part where the wind direction exceeds 1 in the DFBETAS (difference in Betas) value, the CV (cumulative variable) value is 6%, close to 1. Therefore, it was judged that there would be no problem in conducting multiple regression analyses on samples. The standard regression coefficient showed how much current and wind affect the dependent variable. It showed that current speed and direction were the most important variables for drift speed and direction, with values of 47.1% and 58.1%, respectively. The analysis showed that the statistical values indicated the fit of the model at the significance level of 0.05 for multiple regression analysis. The multiple correlation coefficients indicating the degree of influence on the dependent variable were 83.2% and 89.0%, respectively. The determination of coefficients were 69.3% and 79.3%, and the adjusted determination of coefficients were 67.6% and 78.3%, respectively. In this study, a more quantitative prediction model will be presented because it is performed after identifying outliers and influence points of sample data before multiple regression analysis. Therefore, many studies will be active in the future by combining them.