• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between job stress and metabolic syndrome among male workers. Methods: A total of 396 male workers employed in an electronic company, located in 'P' city, Gyeonggi Province, who had taken medical examination at the 'D' hospital, volunteered in this study. All the data used in this study were obtained from 'D' hospital after getting consent and permission from the workers. General and occupational characteristics, medical history, and health-related behaviors of the subjects were obtained by self-administered questionnaire. Results: The highest occupational stress by sub-sector was reported in the order of insufficient job control, organizational system, lack of reward, job demand, job insecurity, physical environment, job culture, and relationship conflict. The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome of the participants was 19.9%. The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis on metabolic syndrome of the subjects indicated that the syndrome was significantly higher among those with family history, smoking habit and ex-smoking, working duration of 3 years and over, and with higher total score of occupational stress. It was significantly more prevalent, when the degree of stress was high in the sub-sectors of occupational stress; job autonomy, job insecurity, lack of reward, and job culture. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is necessary to implement a plan to efficiently manage the job stress of these male workers, as the probability of metabolic syndrome increased with the increase of occupational stress. Furthermore, considering the highest occupational stress was found to be job autonomy among its sub-sectors, it is necessary to prepare various measures to enhance the autonomy of such employees.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.205-215
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• 2020

The purpose of this paper is to empirically analyze the determinants of foreign subsidiary's local embeddedness because it is critically important for the subsidiary to build a variegated local network. This paper suggests that a MNC's global capability, the degree of autonomy granted by the headquarters of the multinational corporation to its foreign subsidiary, the foreign subsidiary's absorptive capacity based on local environment, and its level of localization will affect the subsidiary's local network embeddedness. The empirical analysis confirmed that when the headquarters gives the foreign subsidiary more autonomy, this has a positive effect on the local embeddedness of the foreign subsidiary and when the foreign subsidiary has a strong absorptive capacity, this has a positive correlation with the local embeddedness of the foreign subsidiary. And this paper found that when the foreign subsidiary has achieved a high level of staff localization, this foreign subsidiary will have a higher level of local embeddedness. This study identified the preceding conditions necessary for a foreign subsidiary of a multinational corporation to effectively embed itself in the local network by analyzing factors related to the multinational corporation's headquarters and subsidiaries, and thus contributes significantly to continued research on the local embeddedness of subsidiaries.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권7호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2020

This study examines the current situation of responsibility accounting and proposed management solutions according to responsibility centers on public universities in Vietnam. The study applies quantitative research methods, and collected data through structured questionnaires to 138 public universities in Vietnam in 2019, receiving back 55 valid questionnaires. The data was cleaned and analyzed with SPSS software. The results show that most public universities in Vietnam assigned management responsibility to their departments, but responsibility accounting was not comprehensive since many universities are not financially autonomous. The Kruskal Wallis Test was conducted to compare the current situation of responsibility accounting among universities by the degree of autonomy and by geographic area. The research found out that totally autonomous universities assigned management responsibility to responsibility centers better than semi-autonomous and non-autonomous universities did. Regarding the evaluation of management responsibility, universities in Central Vietnam rated specific quantitative criteria, residual income (RI) and returns on investment (ROI) higher than universities in the North and the South of Vietnam did. However, universities in the South of Vietnam rated the evaluation of profits by department higher than the rest. The study also suggests structure for establishing responsibility centers in accordance with public universities in Vietnam.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.94-106
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• 2017

Unmanned military vehicles (UMVs) will be increasingly applied to the various military operations. These UMVs are most commonly characterized as dealing with "4D" task - dull, dirty, dangerous and difficult with automations. Although most of the UMVs are designed to a high degree of autonomy, the human operator will still intervene in the robots operation, and tele-operate them to achieve his or her mission. Thus, operator capacity, along with robot autonomy and user interface, is one of the important design factors in the research and development of the UMVs. In this paper, we propose the method to assess the operator capacity of the UMVs. The method is comprised of the 6 steps (problem, assumption, goal function identification, operator task analysis, task modeling & simulation, results and assessment), and herein colored Petri-nets are used for the modeling and simulation. Further, an illustrative example is described at the end of this paper.

• 대한간호
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.49-63
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• 1997

This study was performed to provide preliminary data for the development of a useful instrument to measure the effect of sex education. The study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 155 college students enrolled in the course "Sexuality and Relationship" at Y university in Seoul. At the end of that course, they were asked to write freely about the change they had experienced on sexuality. All meaningful statements were elicited and classified into 7 categories; "Change of Knowledge", "Enlightenment", "Change of Attitude on Sexuality", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of. Identity", "Change of Emotion", "Change of Behavior:' There were significant changes in the areas of knowledge(28. 6%), enlightenment(27.4%), and attitudes(20.3%) about sexuality among these 7 categories. The Change of Knowledge category consists of 3 areas: "concretion of knowledge", "increase of information", and "correction of misunderstanding." In the category of Enlightenment, total 12 areas are included: "sex role", "erception of lack of knowledge", "importance of family", "life plan", "parent role", "value of life", "equality", "sexual autonomy", "importance of sexuality", "freedom of sexuality", "perception of sexual problem", and "meaning of love." The Attitude Change category consists of 8 areas. These are "being natural", "being progressive", "being sensitive", "being truthful", "being expressive", "being cautious", "being responsible", and "being confident". The category of Buildup of Ability includes 4 areas: "problem solving", "sex education", "relationship", and "communication". The category of Buildup of Identity includes "sexual identity", and "value of sexuality". The Emotional Change category includes 3 areas: "positive feeling", "negative feeling", and "breaking from negative feeling on sexuality". The Behavior Change category includes "sex-related behavioral change". In conclusion, up to now most researches on sex education effect measures only changes of knowledge, attitude, and behavior. But we believe the changes in "Enlightenment", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of Identity", "Change of Emotion", should be included in addition to knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the development of an instrument to measure the sex education effects. And the effect of sex education should measure the degree of learning of autonomy, enlightenment, and ability of behavior and so on rather than studying the simple changes in sexuality.enment", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of Identity", "Change of Emotion", should be included in addition to knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the development of an instrument to measure the sex education effects. And the effect of sex education should measure the degree of learning of autonomy, enlightenment, and ability of behavior and so on rather than studying the simple changes in sexuality.ng the simple changes in sexuality.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was carried out to understand the degree of moral distress of nurses and to provide scientific data for searching measures to efficiently manage their moral distress. Method: The survey was conducted with 302 nurses at the general hospital in City D by using the self-report type of questionnaire composed of 66 questions of 5-point Likert scale in four dimensions. Result: The mean scores of moral distress of nurses showed higher than average in all four dimensions: $80.54{\pm}14.82$ of 150 in the situational dimension, $52.99{\pm}9.98$ of 90 in the cognitive dimension, $13.30{\pm}2.85$ of 25 in the behavioral dimension, and $48.06{\pm}7.76$ of 65 in the emotional dimension. In addition, moral stress of each factor in the situational area showed $34.20{\pm}7.27$ in negative medical behavior, $10.98{\pm}2.53$ in lack of respect for autonomy of patients, excessive economic burden $10.86{\pm}2.94$, $7.40{\pm}1.89$ in irrational organizational administration and $17.10{\pm}3.50$ in negative nursing behavior. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop the intervention program to help nurses to reduce their moral distress since its degree showed considerably high.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 1997

Purposes of the study were to : (a) measure the levels of job satisfaction, (b) investigate the degree of job characteristics, (c) determine the levels of organizational commitment, (d) investigate relationships between demographic variables and job satisfaction, and (e) examine the relationship between organizational commitment, job characteristics and job satisfaction. Questionnaire was developed and mailed to 300 dietitians who are currently working in school, hospital and industry foodservices. A total of 177 questionnaires were usuable : resulting in a 59% response rate. Results of this study were summarized follows : 1. Approximately half of the respondents(46.9%) indicated that the were 26 to 30 years old. A total of 112 respondents(63.3%) were unmarried. A bachelor's degree was reported as the most common education level(46.9%) while 6.2% of the participants reported a master's degree. Years of employment in professional practices were ranged from 2 to 5. Approximately 40% of the respondents had earned over \900,000 per month. 2. Work itself of the JDI was with the highest job satisfaction mean score followed by supervision, co-workers, wage and promotion. 3. In total job satisfaction score, dietitians in school foodservices were a significant lower than dietitians in industry foodservices and hospital foodservices. 4. A significant relationship was found for demographic factors and four job facets in terms of job itself, co-workers, and promotion. 5. A work itself was the most improtant facet th the dietitian followed by wage and promotion. 6. Task identity of the JCI facets was the most prevalent job characteristics followed by variety, dealing with others, feedback and friendship. 7. Three groups of dietitians had no significant difference in total job characteristics score. 8. A group of dietitians with a higher job satisfaction score had a significant higher score in job variety and job autonomy. 9. Organizational commitment mean score with dietitians was 1.88. 10. Job satisfaction score for five facets and total job satisfaction were significantly correlated with organizational commitment score.11. Job charateristics with job variety, job autonomy, feedback, task identity, friendship were positively correlated with organizational commitment.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.58-61
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• 2002

The degree of doctors' autonomy is decided by the relations between the profession and the state. The exclusive right required by doctors is based on knowledge, but it is most often decided by the relations between the profession and the state. The critical factor affecting the status of the medical profession is the span of its control on medical related areas. Therefore, the status of doctors depends on the degree of institutionalization and the span of their control. The status of Korean Oriental Medicine doctors has been largely affected by the governments medical policies. The dramatic change of the status of Korean Oriental Medicine in modern Korea dearly shows the effects of medical policy on the status of a medical system. Under the plural medical system every medical group lobbies for more favorable medical policies. Korean Oriental Medicine doctors have secured an enhanced status in government and expanded the range of medical insurance coverage. Also, they have accomplished the standardization of knowledge in their efforts to expand it. These achievements are the most important aspects of the professionalization of Korean Oriental Medicine. Therefore, we can conclude that the conflicts between Korean Oriental Medicine doctors and government representatives have had significantly positive effects on the professionalization of Korean Oriental Medicine.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2010

This study aimed to evaluate musculoskeletal workload associated with the work of hair designers, to identify the factors associated with work-related stress, depression and musculoskeletal symptoms in Hair Designers, and to check the painful areas based on patients who complained of musculoskeletal symptoms. The data were collected from 279 hair designers in Daegu metropolitan city from February 1 to August 31 of 2009. A summary of the results was as follows : According to work-related stress in study subjects, the degree of stress load was relatively higher in association with the working demand, the relational conflicts and the organizational culture, but the degree of stress was found to be relatively lower in association with the physical environment, work-related autonomy, an insufficient compensation and an occupational instability. People engaged for beauty business have gotten lots of stress because of the endless needs from customers, the pressure of the learning new skills and the uncomfortable working environment. These are able to cause the musculoskeletal disorder. Under this circumstance, small fries do not have any prevention managements for improving the musculoskeletal diseases and they are not afforded to have regular checkup. When teaching the people related with beauty business, it is necessary to provide accurate information like correct carriage to reduce musculoskeletal disorder stress.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2010

본 연구는 치과위생사 양성 교육제도의 빠른 변화와 양성 교육기관의 급격한 증가에 따라 치과위생사의 내재적 전문성에 대한 관심과 논의에 대한 필요성이 더욱 절실할 것으로 인식하여 현행 치과위생사 양성 교육을 받은 치위생(학)과 학생을 대상으로 치과위생사 전문직업적 신념 및 태도 즉 전문직업성을 측정하였다. 연구대상은 전국 23개 대학의 치위생(학)과 2010년 졸업예정자를 대상으로 2009년 4월부터 2009년 6월까지 연구자가 직 간접 방문 및 우편, E-mail을 통하여 연구의 목적에 관한 설명 후 설문지를 배부 실시 후 회수하였으며 총 934부를 통계 처리하였다. 1. 치과위생상 양성 교육기관의 학위과정에 따라 전문직업성의 각 요소는 '전문조직의 준거성', '공공봉사에 대한 신념', '자율성'은 p<0.001수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, '자기통제'와 '소명의식'에서 p>0.05로 나타났다. 2. 치과위생사 양성 교육기관의 권역에 따라 치과위생사 전문직업성 요소는 '전문조직의 준거성'과 '소명의식'은 지역별로 p<0.001수준, '공공봉사에 대한 신념'과 자율성은 p<0.01수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 그러나 '자체규제에 대한 신념'은 p>0.05로 나타났다. 3. 치과위생사 양성 교육기관의 학제개설 배경에 따라 치과위생사 전문직업성 요소는 '전문조직의 준거성', '공공봉사에 대한 신념', '소명의식', '자율성'에서 p<0.001수준, '자체규제에 대한 신념'은 p<0.05수준의 유의한 차이를 보였다. 4. 연구대상자의 배경요인에 따라 치과위생사 전문직업성은, 학사학위과정에 따라 p>0.05, 권역별, 학제의 개설배경에 따라서는 통계적으로 p<0.001수준에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 전문직업적 신념과 태도는 전문직업인으로서의 기본적인 덕목일 뿐 아니라, 사회적 전문성을 확보하는데 선행되어야 할 중요한 요인임을 알 수 있지만, 현행 양성교육기관의 학위과정, 권역, 학제개설 배경에 따라 즉 양성교육기관의 배경에 따라 영향을 받고 있는 것으로 나타나 치과위생사 양성 교육에 있어 이에 대한 고려가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.