• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.614-619
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• 2002

For an accurate measurement of the material behavior of small structures, a new optical experimental technique is proposed to measure the deformation. The test method uses the dual microscope that can measure the relative deformation of two adjacent regions. The magnified view is captured by CCD cameras and the relative deformation can be measured by the pattern matching and tracing method. Using this experimental technique, the deformation of solder joints in electronic packaging and the strain of the nickel thin film are measured.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.587-595
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• 2019

Deformation measurement of large scale structures, such as the ground beds of high-rise buildings, tunnels, bridge, and railways, are important for insuring service quality and safety. The pose-relay videometrics method and displacement-relay videometrics method have already presented to measure the pose of non-intervisible objects and vertical subsidence of unstable areas, respectively. Both methods combine the cameras and cooperative markers to form the camera series networks. Based on these two networks, we propose two novel videometrics methods with closed-loop camera series network for deformation measurement of large scale structures. The closed-loop camera series network offers "closed-loop constraints" for the camera series network: the deformation of the reference points observed by different measurement stations is identical. The closed-loop constraints improve the measurement accuracy using camera series network. Furthermore, multiple closed-loops and the flexible combination of camera series network are introduced to facilitate more complex deformation measurement tasks. Simulated results show that the closed-loop constraints can enhance the measurement accuracy of camera series network effectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1990.04a
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• pp.171-185
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• 1990

In order to measure the shape deformation of seat surfaces, an indentation measurement mat was devised. The 50cm * 50 cm mat containing small polyethylene beads were made using two sheets of polyurethane film. The indentation measurement mat was shaped by vacuuming between the subject and the testing seat. This method showed less than 5mm of deformation measurement error. Deformation of CADILLAC and MAXIMA seats were compared to demonstrate usefulness of the new method.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1030-1041
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• 2018

The aim of this paper is to design a centrifugal deformation error compensation method with guaranteed performance that allows angular velocity measurement of the magnetically suspended sensitive gyroscopes (MSSGs). The angular velocity measurement principle and the structure of the MSSG are described, and the analytical model of errors caused by MSSG rotor centrifugal deformation is established. Then, an on-line rotor centrifugal deformation error compensation method based on measurement of rotor spinning speed in real-time has been designed. The common issues caused by centrifugal deformation of spinning rotors can be effectively resolved by the proposed method. Comparative experimental results before and after compensation demonstrate the validity and superiority of the error compensation method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.251-255
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• 2015

Thermal deformation, such as bending and twisting, occurs among the polymer parts of air-conditioner indoor units because of repetitive temperature change during heating operation. In this study, a numerical method employing finite-element analysis to efficiently simulate the thermal deformation of an assembly is proposed. Firstly, the displacement of an actual assembly produced by thermal deformation was measured using a 3D optical measurement system. The measurement results indicated a general downward sag of the assembly, and the maximum displacement value was approximately 1 mm. The temperature distribution was measured using a thermographic camera, and the results were used as initial-temperature boundary conditions to perform temperature-displacement analysis. The simulation results agreed well with the measured data. To reduce the thermal deformation, the stiffness increased 100%. As the results, the maximum displacement decreased by approximately 5.4% and the twisting deformation of the holder improved significantly.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 2001

An analysis of anthropometric data of feet of Korean adults was made in this study. Anthropometric data were measured with the direct measurement method and indirect measurement method. Martin scales and a tapeline were used for direct measurement. Digital images taken with a digital camera as an indirect measurement method were analyzed using AutoCAD program. Total 114 adults aged from 20's to 40's participated in this study. Especially right and left feet were measured. Right and left side were compared and differences according to age were compared too. Feet shape, arch height, and deformation of toe were analyzed. The comparison between right and left foot showed that many subjects had different anthropometric data in their feet. Feet deformation including arch height and claw toe shape showed very serious status. Close and continuous attention to feet deformation is strongly needed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.191-194
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• 2002

In optical pick-up, optical components such as objective lens, collimator, mirror, laser diode and photo diode are mounted on the pick-up base. These components must keep their original position during operation for proper transmittance of information from laser diode to optical disk and back to photo diode. However, micro thermal deformation of pick-up base which is induced by thermal environment during operation can deteriorate the performance of optical pick-up. Therefore, it is important to measure and analyze the thermal deformation behavior of pick-up base under thermal environment. In the present study, a measurement system using holographic interferometry was designed to measure micro thermal deformation of pick up base. The measurement system was verified by using the deformation of cantilever with prescribed motion actuated by PZT with 1 nm resolution. Interferometric measurement was compared quantitatively with that induced by PZT actuator. Finally, micro thermal deformation of pick-up base under actual thermal environment was measured using the present holographic interferometry and the results were analysed.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.79-91
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• 2017

In this paper, the abdominal-deformation measurement scheme is conducted on a shape-flexible mannequin using the DIC technique in a stereo-vision system. Firstly, during the integer-pixel displacement search, a novel fractal dimension based on an adaptive-ellipse subset area is developed to track an integer pixel between the reference and deformed images. Secondly, at the subpixel registration, a new mutual-learning adaptive particle swarm optimization (MLADPSO) algorithm is employed to locate the subpixel precisely. Dynamic adjustments of the particle flight velocities that are according to the deformation extent of each interest point are utilized for enhancing the accuracy of the subpixel registration. A test is performed on the abdominal-deformation measurement of the shape-flexible mannequin. The experiment results indicate that under the guarantee of its measurement accuracy without the cause of any loss, the time-consumption of the proposed scheme is significantly more efficient than that of the conventional method, particularly in the case of a large number of interest points.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.77-83
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• 2021

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operates at high temperatures in range of 600-800℃. Since layers of SOFC are composed of different substances, different thermal expansion in SOFC can result in defects under high temperature conditions. For understanding relation between temperature field and the thermal deformation in SOFC, temperature and strain field were simultaneously estimated using thermographic phosphors by optical measurement. Temperature fields were obtained by the life-time method, and the temperature differences of one specimen was checked with thermocouple. The thermal deformation was estimated by digital image correlation (DIC) method with extracted phosphorescence images. To investigate the deformation accuracy of DIC measurement, thermographic phosphors were coated with and without grid pattern on aluminum surface. Simultaneous measurement of temperature fields and thermal deformation were carried out for YSZ. This study will be helpful to multi-sensing of temperature field and thermal deformation on SOFC cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2016

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is used as a scaffold for cell culture. Because both the stress and strain acting on the substrate and the hemodynamic environment are important for studying mechano-transduction of cellular function, the traction force of the surface of a substrate has been measured using fluorescence images of particle distribution. In this study, deformation of the cross-sectional plane of a PDMS block was measured by correlating particle image distributions to validate the particle image strain measurement technique. Deformation was induced by a cone indentor and a shearing parallel plate. Measured deformations from particle image distributions were in agreement with the results of a computational structure analysis using the finite-element method. This study demonstrates that the particle image correlation method facilitates measurement of deformation of a polymer scaffold in the cross-sectional plane.