• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.259-271
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• 2019

This paper presents forced vibration analysis of sandwich deep beams made of functionally graded material (FGM) in face layers and a porous material in core layer. The FGM sandwich deep beam is subjected to a harmonic dynamic load. The FGM in the face layer is graded though the layer thickness. In order to get more realistic result for the deep beam problem, the plane solid continua is used in the modeling of The FGM sandwich deep beam. The equations of the problem are derived based the Hamilton procedure and solved by using the finite element method. The novelty in this paper is to investigate the dynamic responses of sandwich deep beams made of FGM and porous material by using the plane solid continua. In the numerical results, the effects of different material distributions, porosity coefficient, geometric and dynamic parameters on the dynamic responses of the FGM sandwich deep beam are investigated and discussed.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

Deep beam shall be designed either by taking into account nonlinear distribution of strain or by Appendix A of Strut-and-Tie Models (STM) according to ACI 318(M) from version of 2002. Although STM is accepted as tool in design Discontinuity region (D-region) which mostly exist in Deep beam, Corbels, Dapped ends etc., it has been modified by many researchers. In this study we design deep beam by STMs which use simple truss for load distribution and the model of complex truss for load distribution compare with the ACI traditional which is designed by flexure design method and shear provided by concrete($V_c$) as provided in special provisions section of 11.8 in ACI 318-99 [1]. This study aims to find the different and efficiency of deep beam design based on variation of parameter compiled from many samples selected from ACI traditional and two model of STMs, simple and complex load distribution.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2019

Deep beam has high section modules compared with shallow beam of the same weight. However, deep beam has low rotational capacity and high possibility of brittle failure so it is not possible to apply deep beams with a long span to intermediate moment frames, which should exhibit a ductility of 0.02rad of a story drift angle of steel moment frames. Accordingly, KBC and AISC limit the beam depth for intermediate and special moment frame to 750mm and 920mm respectively. The purpose of this paper is to improve the seismic performance of intermediate moment frame with 1200mm depth beam. In order to enhance vulnerability of plastic deformation capacity of deeper beam, Multi-Reduced Taper Beam(MRTB) shape that thickness of beam flange is reinforced and at the same time some part of the beam flange width is weakened are proposed. Based on concept of multiple plastic hinge, MRTB is intended to satisfy the rotation requirement for intermediate moment frame by dividing total story drift into each hinge and to prevent the collapse of the main members by inducing local buckling and fracture at the plastic hinge location far away from connection. The seismic performance of MRTB is evaluated by cyclic load test with conventional connections type WUF-W, RBS and Haunch. Some of the proposed MRTB connection satisfies connection requirements for intermediate moment frame and shows improved the seismic performance compared to conventional connections.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.545-557
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• 2021

Since the functionally graded materials (FGMs) are used extensively as thermal barriers in many of applications. Therefore, the current article focuses on studying and presenting dynamic responses of multilayer functionally graded (FG) deep beams placed in a thermal environment that is not addressed elsewhere. The material properties of each layer are proposed to be temperature-dependent and vary continuously through the height direction based on the Power-Law function. The deep layered beam is exposed to harmonic sinusoidal load and temperature rising. In the modelling of the multilayered FG deep beam, the two-dimensional (2D) plane stress continuum model is used. Equations of motion of deep composite beam with the associated boundary conditions are presented. In the frame of finite element method (FEM), the 2D twelve-node plane element is exploited to discretize the space domain through the length-thickness plane of the beam. In the solution of the dynamic problem, Newmark average acceleration method is used to solve the time domain incrementally. The developed procedure is verified and compared, and an excellent agreement is observed. In numerical examples, effects of graduation parameter, geometrical dimension and stacking sequence of layers on the time response of deep multilayer FG beams are investigated with temperature effects.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.481-489
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• 2014

The function of carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement in increasing the ductility of reinforced concrete (RC) deep beam is important in such shear-sensitive RC member. This paper aims to investigate the effect of CFRP-strengthening on the energy absorption of RC deep beams. Six ordinary RC deep beams and six CFRP-strengthened RC deep beams with shear span to the effective depth ratio of 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, and 2.00 were tested till failure in this research. An empirical relationship was established to obtain the energy absorption of CFRP-strengthened RC deep beams. The shear span to the effective depth ratio and growth of energy absorption of CFRP-strengthened deep beam were the significant factors to establish this relationship.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.75-87
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• 1993

본 논문은 강섬유보강콘크리트 deep beam의 전단특성을 규명하고 균열전단강도와 극한전단강도를 예측하기 위한 것으로 섬유로 보강된 16개의 보를 포함한 총 20개의 보를 4 series로 나누어 실험을 수행하였다. 실험의 변수는 콘크리트의 강도, 섬유혼입률, 전단지간 등이며, 실험 과정을 통해 파괴형상, 처짐, 변형률, 전단강도 등을 측정 하였다. 실험결과로 부터 섬유의 혼입량이 많아지고, 콘크리트의 강도가 커질 수록, 그리고 전단지간이 짧아질수록 섬유보강콘크리트 deep beam의 균열 및 극한전단강도가 증가됨을 밝혔다. 또한, 실험성과를 회귀분석하여 균열전단강도와 극한전단강도 추정식을 제안 하였다. 제안된 추정식에 의한 계산값과 실험성과를 비교 검토하여 그 상관성을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.349-366
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• 2009

The composite slim beam has become popular throughout Europe in recent years and has also been used on some projects in China. With its steel section encased in a concrete slab, the steel-concrete composite slim beam can provide the floor construction with minimum depth and high fire resistance. However, the design method of the T-shape steel-concrete composite beam is no longer applicable to the composite slim beam with deep deck for its special construction, of which the present design models are not available but mainly depend on experiences. The elevation of the flexural stiffness and bending capacity of composite slim beams with deep deck is rather complicated, because the influences of many factors should be taken into account, such as the variable section dimensions, development of cracks and non-linear characteristics of concrete, etc. In this paper, experimental investigations have been conducted into the flexural behavior of two specimens of simply supported composite slim beam with deep deck. The emphases were laid on the bonding force on the interface between steel beam and concrete, the stress distribution of beam section, the flexural stiffness and bending capacity of the composite beams. Based on the experimental results, the reduction factor of equivalent stress distribution in concrete flange is suggested, and the calculation method of flexural stiffness and bending capacity of simply supported slim beams are proposed.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2004

본 연구는 유효전단스팬에 대한 깊이의 비가 1.0인 깊이가 큰 보에 대해서 유효전단영역내에 개구부에 대한 파괴 메카니즘의 변화와 전단파괴된 후 보수 보강에 따른 부재 내력의 복원력에 관한 연구로서, 그 결론는, 전단파괴한 유공보 시험체의 초기사균열 하중은 시험체 간에 큰 차이가 없어 시험체의 배근형태에 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 아라미드 시트로 보강된 시험체의 균열 및 파괴형태는 중앙부의 휨 균열과 전단지간의 사균열이 동시에 발생한 후, 최대내력근처에서 유공측의 전단균열이 확대되어, 시트면의 중앙부위가 박리되면서 전단파괴 되었다. 전단파괴된 깊이가 큰 보 시험체를 아라미드 섬유시트로 보강한 결과 보강전과 비교하여 최대내력은 최소 34.4%, 최대 83.8%의 증가를 나타내어 파괴전의 내력을 복원하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2011

본 연구는 섬유 보강 폴리머(Fiber Reinforced Polymers, 이하 FRP) bar로 보강된 콘크리트 깊은보의 전단강도을 평가하기 위하여 전단경간비, 보강비, 유효깊이, 주근의 종류를 변수로 총 15개의 시험체에 대한 전단 실험을 수행하였다. 전단 실험을 토대로 FRP bar로 보강된 콘크리트 깊은보의 균열 및 처짐에 대한 거동 조사를 수행하였으며, ACI 318-08의 스트럿-타이 모델(이하 STM)을 이용한 전단강도와 아치작용을 고려한 기존 제안식에 의한 전단강도를 비교 평가하였다. 그 결과 FRP bar로 보강한 경우가 Steel bar로 보강한 경우보다 전단강도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 전단강도 산정에 있어 ACI 318-08 STM을 이용한 방법이 경험식에 의한 방법보다 상대적으로 정확했다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2011

이 연구에서는 깊은보-내부기둥 접합부의 내진성능평가를 위한 비선형 유한요소해석 기법을 제시하였다. 사용된 프로그램은 철근콘크리트 구조물의 해석을 위한 RCAHEST이다. 깊은보-내부기둥 접합부의 강도, 연성도 등 거동특성을 파악하기 위한 반복횡하중 실험을 수행하였다. 실험의 변수로는 축력과 횡방향 철근량을 정하였다. 이 연구에서는 깊은보-내부기둥 접합부의 내진성능평가를 위해 제안한 해석기법을 신뢰성 있는 실험결과와 비교하여 그 타당성을 검증하였다.