• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.12-25
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• 2022

To increase the usability of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction projects, it is critical to ensure the interoperability of data between heterogeneous BIM software. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), an international ISO format, has been established for this purpose, but due to its structural complexity, geometric information and properties are not always transmitted correctly. Recently, deep learning approaches have been used to learn the shapes of the BIM elements and thereby verify the mapping between BIM elements and IFC entities. These models performed well for elements with distinct shapes but were limited when their shapes were highly similar. This study proposed a method to improve the performance of the element type classification by using an Ensemble model that leverages not only shapes characteristics but also the relational information between individual BIM elements. The accuracy of the Ensemble model, which merges MVCNN and MLP, was improved 0.03 compared to the existing deep learning model that only learned shape information.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2023

Nitrilases are a hydrolase group of enzymes that catalyzes nitrile compounds and produce industrially important organic acids. The current objective is to optimize nitrilase production using statistical methods assisted with artificial intelligence (AI) tool from novel nitrile degrading isolate. A nitrile hydrolyzing bacteria Bacillus subtilis AGAB-2 (GenBank Ascension number- MW857547) was isolated from industrial effluent waste through an enrichment culture technique. The culture conditions were optimized by creating an orthogonal design with 7 variables to investigate the effect of the significant factors on nitrilase activity. On the basis of obtained data, an AI-driven support vector machine was used for the fitted regression, which yielded new sets of predicted responses with zero mean error and reduced root mean square error. The results of the above global optimization were regarded as the theoretical optimal function conditions. Nitrilase activity of 9832 ± 15.3 U/ml was obtained under optimized conditions, which is a 5.3-fold increase in compared to unoptimized (1822 ± 18.42 U/ml). The statistical optimization method involving Plackett Burman Design and Response surface methodology in combination with an AI tool created a better response prediction model with a significant improvement in enzyme production.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2010

A study was conducted for indentifying the floral biodiversity of woody species by calculating four diversity indices using data collected from 4 stands of different age groups and disturbance regimes in two areas of Madhupur tract. Results showed that highest species diversity in the old growth secondary coppice forest (>60 years) under moderate anthropogenic disturbances of Madhupur National Park area (delete (D=0.74, H'=3.36) followed by old growth secondary forest stands (>40 years) under moderate disturbances at Bhawal National Park area (D=0.65, H'=2.81). Plant species diversity of the young enrichment plantations (<20 years and <15 years) under high anthropogenic disturbances in both the areas are much low (D=0.54 and H'=2.16 and D=0.52 and H'=1.92 respectively), which indicate high anthropogenic disturbances coupled with introduction of invasive exotics that are rival for endemic species are detrimental for conservation of biological diversity of tropical moist deciduous forests of Madhupur tract in Bangladesh.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.6.1-6.8
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• 2023

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness, and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type. Due to inadequate diagnosis, treatment is often not administered until symptoms occur. Hence, approaches enabling earlier prediction or diagnosis of POAG are necessary. We aimed to identify novel drugs for glaucoma through bioinformatics and network analysis. Data from 36 samples, obtained from the trabecular meshwork of healthy individuals and patients with POAG, were acquired from a dataset. Next, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. In both stages, the genes were enriched by studying the critical biological processes and pathways related to POAG. Finally, a drug-gene network was constructed, and novel drugs for POAG treatment were proposed. Genes with p < 0.01 and |log fold change| > 0.3 (1,350 genes) were considered DEGs and utilized to construct a PPI network. Enrichment analysis yielded several key pathways that were upregulated or downregulated. For example, extracellular matrix organization, the immune system, neutrophil degranulation, and cytokine signaling were upregulated among immune pathways, while signal transduction, the immune system, extracellular matrix organization, and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling were downregulated. Finally, novel drugs including metformin hydrochloride, ixazomib citrate, and cisplatin warrant further analysis of their potential roles in POAG treatment. The candidate drugs identified in this computational analysis require in vitro and in vivo validation to confirm their effectiveness in POAG treatment. This may pave the way for understanding life-threatening disorders such as cancer.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.451-460
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• 2024

Objective: The objective is to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with age to 105 kg (AGE), average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BF), and eye muscle area (EMA) in Yorkshire pig. Methods: This study used a total of 104,380 records and 11,854 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data obtained from Illumina porcine 60K chip. The estimated genomic breeding values (GEBVs) and SNP effects were estimated by single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP). Results: The heritabilities of AGE, ADG, BF, and EMA were 0.50, 0.49, 0.49, and 0.23, respectively. We identified significant SNP markers surpassing the Bonferroni correction threshold (1.68×10^-6), with a total of 9 markers associated with both AGE and ADG, and 4 markers associated with BF and EMA. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) analyses revealed notable chromosomal regions linked to AGE and ADG on Sus scrofa chromosome (SSC) 1, 6, 8, and 16; BF on SSC 2, 5, and 8; and EMA on SSC 1. Additionally, we observed strong linkage disequilibrium on SSC 1. Finally, we performed enrichment analyses using gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), which revealed significant enrichments in eight biological processes, one cellular component, one molecular function, and one KEGG pathway. Conclusion: The identified SNP markers for productive traits are expected to provide valuable information for genetic improvement as an understanding of their expression.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.1022-1028
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• 2024

A neutronics study of a supercritical CO₂-cooled fast reactor core for nuclear propulsion has been performed in this work. The thermal power of the reactor core is 30 MWth and a ceramic UO₂ fuel can be used to achieve a 20-year lifetime without refueling. In order to make a compact core with inherent safety features, the drum-type reactivity control system and folding-type shutdown system are adopted. In addition, we suggest a cold shutdown system using gadolinium as a spectral shift absorber (SSA) against flooding. Although there is a penalty of U-235 enrichment for the core embedded with the cold shutdown system, it effectively mitigates the increment of reactivity at the flooding of seawater. In this study, the neutronics analyses have been performed by using the continuous energy Monte Carlo Serpent 2 code with the evaluated nuclear data file ENDF/B-VII.1 Library. The supercritical CO₂-cooled fast reactor core is characterized in view of important safety parameters such as the reactivity worth of reactivity control systems, fuel temperature coefficient (FTC), coolant temperature coefficient (CTC), and coolant temperature-density coefficient (CTDC). We can say that the suggested core has inherent safety features and enough flexibility for load-following operation.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2003

The atmospheric aerosols collected at the 1100 site located in Mt. Halla have been analyzed to investigate their compositions and chemical characteristics . The average concentrations of water-soluble cations were in the order of N $H_{4}$$^{+}$ > $Ca^{2+}$ > N $a^{+}$ > $K^{+}$ > $Mg^{2+}$ during the spring, showing high increase of $Ca^{2+}$ concentration with the value of 0.60 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ $m^3$, and N $H_{4}$$^{+}$> N $a^{+}$> $K^{+}$> $Ca^{2+}$ > $Mg^{2+}$ during the other seasons. The average concentrations of anions have shown in the order of S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$ > N $O_{3}$$^{[-10]}$ >C $l^{[-10]}$ for all seasons, and S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$ and N $O_{3}$$^{[-10]}$ had higher concentrations in spring with the values of 4.84 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ $m^3$ and 1.08 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ $m^3$, respectively. From the analytical data of size-segregated particles by cascade impactor sampling, the components of N $H_{4}$$^{+}$, S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$, N $O_{3}$$^{[-10]}$ and $K^{+}$ were distributed mainly in fine particles, but $Ca^{2+}$, N $a^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$ and C $l^{[-10]}$ were included mostly in coarse particles. The correlation coefficients of nss-S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$/N $H_{4}$$^{+}$, nss-S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$/ $K^{+}$ and N $O_{3}$$^{[-10]}$ /nss-C $a^{2+}$ showed quite high values with 0.871, 0.857 and 0.654, respectively Based on the study of enrichment factors, it is considered that N $a^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, C $l^{[-10]}$ and $Ca^{2+}$ components were delivered from oceanic and soil sources, but S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$, N $O_{3}$$^{[-10]}$ and N $H_{4}$$^{+}$ might have other source origins. The factor analysis study showed the aerosol at the 1100 site was influenced mainly by anthropogenic factors, followed by oceanic and soil factors. followed by oceanic and soil factors.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.43-56
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• 1987

한국 동남해역의 일부, 남해해역의 일부 및 대한해협의 대륙붕에 관한 해양지 질학적이며 지구화학적 관점의 기초 해양학적 연구가 실시되었다. 본 연구해서의 대륙붕은 미세지형도인과 표층 퇴적물의 분포패턴등으로 내 대륙붕과 외대륙붕으로 구분되었다. 즉 내 대륙붕과 외 대륙붕의 경계지형은 약 80m수심의 해서이며 내 대륙붕의 해저는 해안선의 방향과 평행하는 발달 추세를 나타내는 반면 외 대륙붕 의 해저는 한국해협 해곡(KSR)등을 크고 작은 기복지형을 나타낸다. 내 대륙붕의 표층 퇴적물은 이토(mud)와 사질 실트로 구성된 세립질 퇴적상이며 외 대륙붕은 조립질 퇴적물(모래와 자갈)로 구성된 잔류퇴적상(relict sediment facies)을 나타낸 다. 내 대륙붕의 퇴적물은 외 대륙붕의 퇴적물보다 높은 $\varepsilon$$_{A1}$ 보이나 Ni, Cr, Cu 등의 오염영향을 거의 보이지 않는다. 그러나 Zn, Pb 등의 원소에 관한한 오염의 영향을 나타내는 것으로 해석된다. 본 연구 지역의 탄성파층서는 음향기 반암과 강한반사면 R에 의한 3층서단위로 구성된다. 이들은 하부로부터 기반암(음향), 하부퇴적층(B) 및 상부퇴적층(A)이며 상부퇴적층은 현세 퇴적층이며 하부퇴적층은 선 현세(pre-Holocene)퇴적층이다.다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2011

국내 외 수많은 수송 건식저장 시스템의 임계해석은 사용후핵연료내에 초우라늄물질(transuranic) 및 핵분열생성물(fission products) 계산의 불확실성을 이유로, 신연료로 가정된 가상연료를 적용하여 평가해왔다. 그러나 과도한 임계 여유도에 따른 경제적 손실이 크기 때문에 최근 들어 연소도이득(Burnup Credit, BUC)이 반영된 수송 건식저장 시스템의 설계 및 상용화가 추진되고 있다. 이러한 BUC 기술은 기존 임계해석 시요구되는 상수화된 불확실도와 달리 초기 농축도와 연소도 구간에 따라 상이한 불확실도를 갖게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 '국내 원전의 제한사항이 반영된 26다발 SNF 장전 BUC 적용 용기'(이하 BK 26 Cask)를 대상으로 관련 기술표준 및 설계요건에서 요구되는 불확실도를 평가하여 농축도 및 연소도의 함수로 계산하였다. 본 연구결과는 추후 BK 26 Cask 국내 사용후핵연료의 장전 수용률 분석의 기반자료로 활용된다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.447-463
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• 1991

본 논문은 슈피리어호 남부에 분포하는 선캠브리아기의 염기성 암맥들에 대하여 마그마의 기원과 그들이 생성될 당시의 지구조적인 환경을 알기 위하여 암석 및 지화학적인 연구가 행하여 졌다. 46개의 시료에 대한 주성분, 미량원소 및 희토류 원소들에 대한 화학분석이 이루어졌다. 이들의 화학성분은 전형적인 콘티넨탈 쏠레아이트 (contiental tholeiite)의 성격을 띄우며, 다소 철성분이 부화된 분화경향을 나타낸다. 부동원소 (immobile element)들을 이용한 tectonic discrimination diagram 에 의하면 모 마그마는 현재의 T-type MORB와 유사한 Ti의 함량이 많은 쏠레아이틱(tholeiitic)현무암으로 사료된다. 분화가 진행될수록 암석의 화학적 성질은 지각과의 동화작용(crustral asimilation)에 의해 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타난다. 분화가 많이 진행된 암석들은 Rb, K, Ba, Th 과 같은 LIL원소의 증가를 보인 반면에 Nb, P, Ti과 같은 HFS 원소들은 그들과 물리, 화학적 성질이 비슷한 이웃한 원소들보다 현저한 감소를 나타내었다. 이러한 특징은 마그마의 기원에서 유래된 것 뿐만 아니라 지각과의 동화작용이 병행함으로 기인되었다고 사료된다. 이 암석들의 지화학적 특성을 살펴보면 지각의 섭입과 관련되어(subduction related)생성된 암석의 화학성분과는 현저한 차이를 나타내며, 판(板)내에서 생성된 현무암(Within plate basalt)과 해양지각에서 형성된 현무암 (MORB)에서 보이는 특성을 나타낸다. 이러한 지화학적인 특성을 살펴볼 때 이 암석들은 rifting과 같은 extensional tectonic 환경에서 생성된 것으로 사료된다.