• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5257-5261
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• 2013

The micronucleus frequency (MNF) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) is a biomarker of chromosomal damage and genome instability in human populations.The relationship of micronucleus frequency with prognosis of patients with acute leukemia is not clear. We therefore investigated MNF in mitogen-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with hematologic diseases and solid tumours. Patients included 50 with acute leukemia, 49 diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 54 with benign blood diseases, and 45 with solid tumours, examined with 50 healthy controls. The mean MNF was significantly higher in cases of hematologic diseases and solid tumor patients than in healthy controls (P<0.001). There was no evident difference between MNF in the acute leukemia ($7.15{\pm}2.18$) and solid tumor groups ($7.11{\pm}1.47$), but both were higher than in the MDS group ($5.12{\pm}1.29$) and benign blood diseases group ($3.08{\pm}1.08$). Taking 7.15‰, the average MNF of the acute leukemia group as standard, and dividing 50 cases of acute leukemia patients into high MNF group ($MNF{\geq}7.15$‰) and low MNF group (MNF<7.15‰). The overall response (complete remission + partial remission) rates of the low MNF group were significantly higher than in the high MNF group (P=0.001). The high MNF group further showed lower overall survival rates than the low MNF group. MNF expression and progression-free survival seemed to have a opposite relationship, with a correlation coefficient of -0.702. These data indicate that MNF in peripheral blood lymphocytes is important for evaluation of prognosis of acute leukemia patients, and it can reflect progression of disease to a certain degree.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.173-186
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• 2015

In Bangladesh, increases in the tropospheric ozone ($O_3$) concentration and in soil salinization may lead to crop damage. To clarify the effects of $O_3$ and/or soil salinity on Bangladeshi wheat cultivars, BAW1059 (salt-tolerant) and Shatabdi (salt-sensitive) were exposed to 70-day treatments with $O_3$ (charcoal-filtered air (CF), $1.0{\times}O_3$, and $1.5{\times}O_3$) and different levels of soil salinity (0, 4, and $8dS\;m^{-1}$). In both cultivars, the whole-plant dry mass and grain yield were significantly reduced by exposure to $O_3$. Increased soil salinity caused significant reductions in whole-plant growth and yield in Shatabdi, but the reductions were negligible in BAW1059. No significant interactions between $O_3$ and salinity were detected for growth, yield, and leaf gas exchange parameters in both cultivars. We concluded that the effects of $O_3$ are not ameliorated by soil salinity in two Bangladeshi wheat cultivars, regardless of their salinity tolerance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.296-303
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• 2001

In nuclear power steam generators, high flow rates can induce vibration of the tubes resulting in fretting wear damage due to contacts between the tubes and their supports. In this paper the fretting wear tests and the sliding wear tests were performed using the steam generator tube materials of Inconel 690 against STS 304. Sliding tests with the pin-on-disk type tribometer were done under various applied loads and sliding speeds at air and water environment. Fretting tests were done under various vibrating amplitudes, applied normal loads and various temperatures. From the results of sliding and fretting wear tests, the wear of Inconel 690 can be predictable using the work rate model. Depending on normal loads and vibrating amplitudes, distinctively different wear mechanisms and often drastically different wear rates can occur. At room temperature, the wear coefficient K of Inconel 690 is 7.57${\times}$10$\^$13/Pa$\^$1/ in air and it is 1.93${\times}$10$\^$13/Pa$\^$1/ in water. At room temperature, it is found that the wear volume in air is more than in water. In water, the wear coefficient K at 50$^{\circ}C$ and 80$^{\circ}C$ is 4.35${\times}$10$\^$-13/Pa$^1$ and 5.81${\times}$10$\^$-13/Pa$^1$ respectively, Therefore, it is found that the wear volume extremely increases by increasing on temperature in water. This study shows that the dissolved oxygen with temperature increment increases and the wear due to fluidity is severe.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 1982

DNA synthesis, unscheduled DNA synthesis, excision of pyrimidine dimers and phtoreactivation were determined in UV-irradiated differentiating muscle cells at various times of primary culture of 12 day chick embryos and results obtained were as follows. The rates of UV-induced unscheduled DNA synthesis were increased as increase of UV dose. And the rates were gradually decreased as the increase of time after culture, but at higher doses the decreasing tendency was remarkable. The patterns of DNA replication were changed drastically as a function of time so that in the seven day cultures the rate of $^3$H-thymidine incorporation was found to be 0.2% of the original activity. The pattern of inhibition of DNA replication by UV damage demonstrated that in cells of earlier stages there were no remarkable changes, but in cells of later stages there was significant fluctuation. Photoreactivation and the excision of pyrimidine dimer in the one day cultures showed that photoreactivation occurred immediately after UV-irradiation, but excision of pyrimidine dimer was gradually and slowly occurred. These results indicate that the differentiation of embryonic muscle cells accompanies the gradual reduction of DNA replication and unscheduled DNA synthesis, and that the photoreactivation is rapid process compared to excision repair.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2012

Recently, by the increasing of data transmission rates, PCB is required high-speed data transmission rates and thin packaging. So optical PCB which is the combination of electrical layer and optical layer can be one of the solution to overcome the limitations of conventional electrical PCB. The most important factor in the implementation of optical PCB is optical interconnection. So the research on high-efficiency and passive alignment has been active. In this paper, we suggest built-in lens pluggable waveguide and we simulate its coupling efficiency and structural stability. Optical simulation results show that the proposed structure has higher efficiency than no lens structure about 1.86 times in transmitter and about 1.42 times in receiver. In structure simulation, inner lens has no damage in desorption process. Therefore, we shown that the proposed structure has a high coupling efficiency and structural stability.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2015

Understanding the behavior of transgenes introduced into oocyte or embryos is essential for evaluating the methodologies for transgenic animal production. To date, many studies have reported the production of transgenic pig embryos with, however, low efficiency in environment of blastocyst production. The aim of present study was to determine the expression and duration of transgene transferred by intracytoplasmic sperm injection-mediated gene transfer (ICSI-MGT). Embryos obtained from the ICSI-MGT procedure were analysed for the expression of GFP and then for the transmission of the transgene. Briefly, fresh spermatozoa were bound to exogenous DNA after treatment by Triton X-100 and Lipofectin. When ICSI-MGT was performed using sperm heads with tails removed, the yield of blastocyst (25.3%), treated with Lipofectin (18.8%) and Triton X-100 (19.2%) were observed. Treatments of Lipofectin or Triton X-100 did not further improve the rates of blastocysts. Moreover, the apoptosis rates of embryos were obtained from the control and LIpofectin groups (8.7%, 9.7%, respectively), but were significantly higher in the Triton X-100 group (13.0%). Our results demonstrated that ICSI-MGT caused minimal damage to oocytes that could develop to full term. Moreover, the embryos derived by ICSI-MGT have shown prolonged exogenous DNA expression during preimplantation stage in vivo. However, more efforts will be required to improve the procedures of both sperm treatments cause of high frequency of mosaicisms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2018

Power plant is the important infrastructure to generate electricity. This plant in normally located next to river and seashore in order to take cooling water through intake. However, the plant is stopped when marine organism blocks the intake, and it caused damages by social and commercial. Therefore, air bubble barrier has been used to block marine organism in order to operate the plant properly. The aim of this study was to test the rates of cut off of floating substance by air bubble barrier to develop the facility for the plant. The test was conducted by current velocity, pressure of air, specific gravity of the substance and the layer of the barrier, and the result showed the blocking rates by the condition. It will be used as basic data to develop the air bubble barrier and to operate power plant properly from the marine organism.

• Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research
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• v.95 no.5
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• pp.249-257
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• 2018

Purpose: Multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) 2 is a glutathione conjugate in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. Early graft damage after liver transplantation (LT) can result in alteration of MRP2 expression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the pattern of MRP2 alteration and graft outcome. Methods: Forty-one paraffin-embedded liver graft tissues obtained by protocol biopsy within 2 months after LT; these were stained using monoclonal antibodies of MRP2. We selected 15 live donor biopsy samples as a control, that showed homogenous canalicular staining for MRP2. The pattern of canalicular MRP2 staining of graft was classified into 3 types: homogenous (type C0), focal (type C1), and no (type C2,) staining of the canaliculi. Results: In total, 17.1% graft tissues were type C0, 36.6% were type C1, and 46.3% were type C2. The median operation time was longer in patients with type C2 (562.6 minutes) than in patients with type C0 (393.8 minutes) (P = 0.038). The rates of posttransplant complications were higher in patients with type C2 (100%) than in patients with type C0 (42.9%) and C1 (73.3%) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: MRP2 expression pattern was altered in 82.9% after LT. The pattern of MRP2 alteration was associated with longer operation time and higher rates of post-LT complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.78-84
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• 2019

Background: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a life-threatening disease with high mortality. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of surgical embolectomy and to clarify the sustained long-term effects of surgery by comparing preoperative, postoperative, and long-term follow-up echocardiography outcomes. Of 22 survivors, 21 were followed up for a mean (median) period of $6.8{\pm}5.4years$ (4.2 years). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 27 surgical embolectomy cases for massive or submassive acute PTE from 2003 to 2016. Immediate and long-term follow-up outcomes of surgical embolectomy were assessed on the basis of 30-day mortality, long-term mortality, postoperative complications, right ventricular systolic pressure, and tricuspid regurgitation grade. Results: The 30-day and long-term mortality rates were 14.8% (4 of 27) and 4.3% (1 of 23), respectively. Three patients had major postoperative complications, including hypoxic brain damage, acute kidney injury, and endobronchial b leeding, respectively (3.7% each). Right ventricular systolic pressure (median [range], mm Hg) decreased from 62.0 (45.5-78.5) to 31.0 (25.7-37.0, p<0.001). The tricuspid valve regurgitation grade (median [range]) decreased from 1.5 (0.63-2.00) to 0.50 (0.50-1.00, p<0.05). The improvement lasted until the last echocardiographic follow-up. Conclusion: Surgical embolectomy revealed favorable mortality and morbidity rates in patients with acute massive or submassive PTE, with sustained long-term improvements in cardiac function.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to use a mouse model to investigate the blastocyst formation rate in vitrified-warmed embryos derived from vitrified-warmed oocytes. Methods: Metaphase II oocytes obtained from BDF1 mice were vitrified and warmed, followed by fertilization with epididymal sperm. On day 3, a total of 176 embryos, at either the eight-cell or the morula stage, were vitrified-warmed (representing group 1). For group 2, 155 embryos at the same developmental stages were not vitrified, but rather were directly cultured until day 5. Finally, group 3 included day-5 blastocysts derived from fresh oocytes, which served as fresh controls. The primary outcome measured was the rate of blastocyst formation per day-3 embryo at the eight-cell or morula stage. Results: The rates of blastocyst formation per day-3 embryo were comparable between groups 1 and 2, at 64.5% and 69.7%, respectively (p>0.05). The formation rates of good-quality blastocysts (expanded, hatching, or hatched) were also similar for groups 1 and 2, at 35.5% and 43.2%, respectively (p>0.05). For the fresh oocytes (group 3), the blastocyst formation rate was 75.5%, which was similar to groups 1 and 2. However, the rate of good-quality blastocyst formation in group 3 was 57.3%, significantly exceeding those of group 1 (p=0.001) and group 2 (p=0.023). Conclusion: Regarding developmental potential to the blastocyst stage, vitrified-warmed day-3 embryos originating from vitrified-warmed oocytes demonstrated comparable results to non-vitrified embryos from similar oocytes. These findings indicate that day-3 embryos derived from vitrified-warmed oocytes can be effectively cryopreserved without incurring cellular damage.