• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.373-380
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• 2004

Objectives : There has been gradually increasing concern about the adverse health effects of electromagnetic radiation originating from cell phones which are widely used in modern life. Cell phone radiation may affect human health by increasing free radicals of human blood cells. This study has been designed to identify DNA damage of blood cells by electromagnetic radiation caused by cell phone use. Methods : This study investigated the health effect of acute exposure to commercially available cell phones on certain parameters such as an indicator of DNA damage for 14 healthy adult volunteers. Each volunteer during the experiment talked over the cell phone with the keypad facing the right side of the face for 4 hours. The single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay), which is very sensitive in detecting the presence of DNA strand-breaks and alkali-labile damage in individual cells, was used to assess peripheral blood cells (T-cells, B-cells, granulocytes) from volunteers before and after exposure to cell phone radiation. The parameters of Comet assay measured were Olive Tail Moment and Tail DNA %. Results : The Olive Tail Moment of B-cells and granulocytes and Tail DNA % of B-cells and granulocytes were increased by a statistically significant extent after 4-hour use of a cell phone compared with controls. Conclusion : It is concluded that cell phone radiation caused the DNA damage during the 4 hours of experimental condition. Nonetheless, this study suggested that cell phone use may increase DNA damage by electromagnetic radiation and other contributing factors.

• BMB Reports
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.209-214
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• 2014

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that promote apoptotic cell death. We showed that cytosolic $NADP^+$-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDPc) plays an essential role in the control of cellular redox balance and defense against oxidative damage, by supplying NADPH for antioxidant systems. In this study, we demonstrated that knockdown of IDPc expression by RNA interference enhances UVB-induced apoptosis of immortalized human HaCaT keratinocytes. This effect manifested as DNA fragmentation, changes in cellular redox status, mitochondrial dysfunction, and modulation of apoptotic marker expression. Based on our findings, we suggest that attenuation of IDPc expression may protect skin from UVB-mediated damage, by inducing the apoptosis of UV-damaged cells.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.159-189
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• 2014

One of the most important requirements in the evaluation of existing structural systems and ensuring a safe performance during their service life is damage assessment. Damage can be defined as a weakening of the structure that adversely affects its current or future performance which may cause undesirable displacements, stresses or vibrations to the structure. The mass and stiffness of a structure will change due to the damage, which in turn changes the measured dynamic response of the system. Damage detection can increase safety, reduce maintenance costs and increase serviceability of the structures. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are simplified models of the human brain and evolved as one of the most useful mathematical concepts used in almost all branches of science and engineering. ANNs have been applied increasingly due to its powerful computational and excellent pattern recognition ability for detecting damage in structural engineering. This paper presents and reviews the technical literature for past two decades on structural damage detection using ANNs with modal parameters such as natural frequencies and mode shapes as inputs.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.77-116
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• 2009

Owing to the development of Biotechnology, the involvement of humans in life before birth has been increasing. This means the need for the protection of unborn life takes on new importance. The respect for life and human beings which is based on fundamental constitutional principle should still be respected under civil law. This study examines how methods of respect for life are embodied in civil liability law. In particular, it enunciates the protection of unborn life within time-flow. Lastly, it studies the instruments of the civil liability law and the extent of protection for a fetus from the process of fertilization of an ovum by a sperm, development into an embryo and implantation. Especially, it looks into when and how the subject of the right changes. Besides, it critically scrutinizes the opinions of leading case lawyers and the Constitutional Court which conclude that, in order for a fetus to become the subject of Damage law, it is required to be born alive to comply with precedent. Furthermore, it suggests an alternative interpretation theory.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.83-92
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• 2024

In recent years, the number of cases caused by people such as forest fires has been increasing, so it is very important for the whole nation to prevent and practice forest fires. In addition, due to climate change around the world, many lives and disaster losses are increasing due to forest fire-related disasters, and in the last 10 years (2014-2023), there have been 5,668 forest fires and 40,037 hectares of damage, which is equivalent to 56,000 football fields, resulting in 19 casualties and 285.4 billion won in damages. Now, in order to improve the understanding and awareness of forest fires among all the people, the government should actively inform the people about how to act in the event of a forest fire by making the people's action tips related to forest fires easy to understand and practical through public relations activities. In addition, the public and the government should work together to prevent and prepare for forest fires before they occur.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.647-651
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• 2002

An LC/MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of a neuroprotective agent for ischemia-reperfusion damage, KR-31378 and its N-acetyl metabolite KR-31612 in human plasma was developed. KR-31378, KR-31612 and the internal standard. KR-31543 were extracted from human plasma by liquid-liquid extraction. A reverse-phase HPLC separation was performed on Luna phenylhexyl column with the mixture of acetonitrile-5 mM ammonium formate (55:45, v/v) as mobile phase. The detection of analytes was performed using an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The lower limits of quantification for KR-31378 and KR-31612 were 2.0 ng/ml. The method showed a satisfactory sensitivity, precision, accuracy, recovery and selectivity.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2008

The demand of gas as an eco-friendly energy source has being increased. With the demand of gas, the use of gas is also increased, so injury and loss of life by the explosion and fire have been increasing every year. Hence the influence on over-pressure caused by Vapor Cloud Explosion in enclosure of experimental booth was calculated by using the Hopkinson's scaling law and damage effect by the accident to a human body was estimated by applying the probit model. As a result of the damage estimation conducted by using the probit model, both the damage possibility of explosion overpressure to human over 3 meters away and that of overpressure to tympanum rupture over 25 meters away from the explosion shows nothing.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-91
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• 2009

"Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease" is a ancient formula records on keeping in good health, provided "Internal classic" is a ancient codes on keep in good health. It can be inferred that Zhang Zhongjing was a first inheritor of academic ideology from "formula followed by establishment of the therapeutic principles". Before writing and compiling the "Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease", Zhang zhongjing got the essence of "Internal classic" after composing and utilizing "Plain Questions", "Miraculous pivot and classic of difficult issues", so all the theory foundations of "Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease" came from "Internal classic". The keynote of internal classic lies in obeying the Yin and Yang in natural world and preserving and maintaining the yang-qi of human body to attain the longest life-span. Zhang assimilated the essence of "Internal classic" and then generated a new ideological system - "Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease" when studying it. This article is to expound ideology inheritance of keeping in good health by protecting Yang in "Internal classic" from analyzing the usage of Guizhi in "treatise on cold damage diseases".

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

Since the Industrial Revolution, people have enjoyed an abundant life, owing to the technological innovations of science. However, because of changes in the environment or polution to the environment, it has brought on many chronic diseases. Especially, even though it may be a small amount, if cadmium gets into a human body, because its biological half life is long, it fatally causes a kidney disease and damage to human organisms. It was reported that Metallothioneins(MT), a substance that is closely related with a free radical that comes from environmental pollution and the course of which cadmium, which causes chronic addition in the body, is formed, along with harmful metals, make the toxicity reduce. MT compound led into the body by cadmium indirectly functions as an antioxidation, supplied adequate amount of vitamin E, and suppresses the accumulation of cadmium in heart, liver and blood. Cadmium content found in Korean soil according to the test conducted from 1992 to 1996 was 0.02~0.03mg/kg in cereals, pulses, and potatoes. Free radical scavenger, finding solution for metal substance that comes from environmental pollution from food and natural substances implicates a better future for the study of food science.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.227-241
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• 2024

Safety and structural integrity of civil structures, like bridges and buildings, can be substantially enhanced by employing appropriate structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques for timely diagnosis of incipient damages. The information gathered from health monitoring of important infrastructure helps in making informed decisions on their maintenance. This ensures smooth, uninterrupted operation of the civil infrastructure and also cuts down the overall maintenance cost. With an early warning system, SHM can protect human life during major structural failures. A real-time online damage localization technique is proposed using only the vibration measurements in this paper. The concept of the 'Degree of Scatter' (DoS) of the vibration measurements is used to generate a spatial profile, and fractal dimension theory is used for damage detection and localization in the proposed two-phase algorithm. Further, it ensures robustness against environmental and operational variability (EoV). The proposed method works only with output-only responses and does not require correlated finite element models. Investigations are carried out to test the presented algorithm, using the synthetic data generated from a simply supported beam, a 25-storey shear building model, and also experimental data obtained from the lab-level experiments on a steel I-beam and a ten-storey framed structure. The investigations suggest that the proposed damage localization algorithm is capable of isolating the influence of the confounding factors associated with EoV while detecting and localizing damage even with noisy measurements.