• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.315-322
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• 2018

Objectives: A lake is a place used by many people, and compared to rivers it is easy for them to become polluted. The water quality in lakes and reservoirs has been worsening recently. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water pollution characteristics of major lakes in northern Gyeonggi-do Province. Methods: Six lakes were selected as major lakes and were evaluated in terms of water pollution characteristics and eutrophication (as defined by results for $COD_{Mn}$, TOC, SS, Chl-a, T-N and T-P) over one year (from December 2016 through November 2017) in northern Gyeonggi-do Province. Results: The annual average $COD_{Mn}$ was found to be 3.1 mg/L in Onam, 3.6 mg/L in Sanjeong, 4.7 mg/L in Gisan, 4.8 mg/L in Ilsan, and 6.1 mg/L in Jangja. The results of the Korean trophic state index ($TSI_{KO}$ ) value indicated a eutrophic state ($TSI_{KO}$ 59.0) in Jangja lake. The other lakes were classified as being in a mesotrophic state ($TSI_{KO}$ of 38.1 in Sanjeong, 40.2 in Ilsan, 41.9 in Onam, 46.1 in Gisan, and 47.8 in Gomo). Conclusions: Ilsan Lake's water quality is being well maintained. Sanjeong, Onam, and Gisan are appropriate for use as agricultural water. Jangja lake requires efforts for water quality improvement and to prevent the inflow of non-point pollutant sources.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.583-588
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• 2018

In this manuscript, we show that the equality relations of the two assertions (ix) and (x) of [Theorem 2.11, p.p.224] in [3] do not hold in general, by giving a concrete example. Also, we illustrate that Example 6.3, Example 6.7, Example 6.11, Example 6.15 and Example 6.20 do not satisfy a soft semi $T_0$-space, a soft semi $T_1$-space, a soft semi $T_2$-space, a soft semi $T_3$-space and a soft semi $T_4$-space, respectively. Moreover, we point out that the three results obtained in [3] which related to soft subspaces are false, by presenting two examples. Finally, we construct an example to illuminate that Theorem 6.18 and Remark 6.21 made in [3] are not valid in general.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.177-179
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• 2002

A1$_2$ $O_3$기판재료의 $K_{IC}$ 증가를 위한 재료설계를 시도하였다. 먼저 A1$_2$ $O_3$기판을 구성하는 A1$_2$ $O_3$다층구조물에 적절한 다공성 중간층을 삽입하는 샌드위치 구조물을 제조하였다. 제조된 A1$_2$ $O_3$구조물의 미세구조를 관찰하였고, Vickers 경도와 three-point bending test를 통해서 단일조성 구조물과 샌드위치 구조물의 경도와 인성 측정치를 비교하였다. 다공층을 삽입한 A1$_2$ $O_3$샌드위치 구조물의 Single-Edge Notched Beam이 단일 조성의 구조물에 비해 파괴강도와 인성이 향상되는 결과를 얻었다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.186-190
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to ,determine trinexapac-ethyl [4-(cyclopropyl- $\alpha$ -hydroxy-me-thylene)-3,5-dioxocyclohexanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester] effects on lodging-related traits of rice varieties treated at different application rates and times. Trinexapac-ethyl WP was applied at the rate of 10, 20 and 30g ai/l0a to Heukjinjubyeo and Daeanbyeo, respectively. Effects of trinexapacethyl varied greatly with application time as well as application rate with little differences between rice varieties. As the application rate increased, lodging index, center of gravity and exsertion of panicle above flag leaf decreased, whereas breaking strength and phytotoxicity increased. Exsertion of panicle was greatly influenced by the application time with a little difference by application rate. The most effective application time of trinexapac-ethyl based on lodging index and total internode length (Ist-4th node) was 2DBH(days before heading) in Heukjinjubyeo and 17DBH in Daeanbyeo, resulting in reducing total internode length by 12.9 and 9.7cm, respectively. A significant reduction was found at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd internodes in Heukjinjubyeo, while at the 2nd and 3rd internodes in Daeanbyeo. No significant difference was found among treatments in the panicle length of both rice varieties but the panicle fresh weights of Daeanbyeo were significantly greater in all trinexapac-ethyl treatments compared with that of the control when measured 20 days after heading. Consequently, trinexapacethyl treatment significantly improved lodging-related traits of rice plants without affecting rice yield and yield components.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.325-328
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• 2012

A new Dendranthema grandiflourm 'My Sun' was developed at Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services (GARES), Korea in 2009. 'My Sun' was initially derived from the cross in 2005 between 'Omega Time Orange', a potted chrysanthemum cultivar with orange single type, and 'Tasman', a potted chrysanthemum cultivar with white single type in 2005. The cultivar has single type flowers with yellow petals. Trial and evaluation was conducted from 2006 to 2009 for the selection of this variety, including a shading culture in spring and a retarding culture in winter. The flowering time of 'My Sun' was October 13th, and year-round flowering is possible by shading or lighting treatment. The diameter of flower is 21.0 mm. Numbers of flowers per stem and petals per flower are 34.4 and 20.4, respectively. Its leaf color was green (Green Group 137A) and plant height was 13.3 cm. Days to flowering under the short day treatment is about 42 in spring, and numbers of branch per plant was 3.4 ea in the winter. This cultivar was resistance to white rust and consumer's preference of new pot-mum is high level than control.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2016

Effects of annealing of the gas-atomized Fe-9%Si-2%Cr powder which is suitable for high frequency application in mobile devices because of its high electrical resistivity were studied with an emphasis on the order-disorder phase transition. The formation of B2 ordered phase could not be suppressed during atomization process. When the powder was annealed at a temperature higher than $550^{\circ}C$ the peak diffracted from $DO_3$ phase could be detected. With increasing annealing temperature lattice parameter and coercivity decreased. An interesting phenomenon was an abrupt increment of coercivity in the powder annealed at $450^{\circ}C$. Highest permeability could be shown in the powder annealed at a relative low temperature of $150^{\circ}C$ and then the permeability decreased with annealing temperature. The above-mentioned results could be successfully explained by both the formation of $DO_3$ ordered phases and the change of electrical resistivity of the Fe-Si-Cr powder which was also originated from the phase transition.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.347-350
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• 2017

An epidemiological study was performed to know the recent infection status of Paragonimus westermani metacercariae (PwMc) in freshwater crayfish, Cambaroides similis, from 2 streams in Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea. Crayfish were collected from creeks in Bogil-do (Island), Wando-gun, and in a creek near Daeheung Temple in Haenam-gun. The infection rate of crayfish with PwMc in Bogil-do was 89.8%, and the metacercarial burden was 37 PwMc per the infected crayfish. Crayfish in a creek near Daeheung Temple were larger and twice heavier than those in Bogil-do. Of them, 96.5% were infected with PwMc. An average of 140 metacercariae was found in the infected crayfish, almost quadruple to those of Bogil-do. There was a strong correlation between the number of PwMc and body weight of the crayfish. These results suggest that P. westermani metacercariae are still prevalent in crayfish of the 2 regions in Jeollanam-do, Korea.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.540-551
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• 2020

Sporotrichosis is a chronic and subacute mycosis causing epidemiological outbreaks involving sick cats and humans in southeastern Brazil. The systemic disease prevails in cats and in humans, with the symptoms restricted to the skin of immunocompetent individuals. Under these conditions, the prolonged treatment of animals and cases of recurrence justify the discovery of new treatments for sporotrichosis. This work addresses the antifungal activity of silver salts of Keggin-type heteropolyacid salts (Ag-HPA salts) such as Ag₃[PW₁₂O₄₀], Ag₆[SiW₁₀V₂O₄₀], Ag₄[SiW₁₂O₄₀] and Ag₃[PMo₁₂O₄₀] and interactions with the antifungal drugs itraconazole (ITC), terbinafine (TBF) and amphotericin B (AMB) on the yeast and mycelia forms of Sporothrix spp. Sporothrix spp. yeast cells were susceptible to Ag-HPA salts at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 8 to 128 ㎍/ml. Interactions between Ag₃[PW₁₂O₄₀] and Ag₃[PMo₁₂O₄₀] with itraconazole and amphotericin B resulted in higher antifungal activity with a reduction in growth and melanization. Treated cells showed changes in cell membrane integrity, vacuolization, cytoplasm disorder, and membrane detachment. Promising antifungal activity for treating sporotrichosis was observed for the Ag-HPA salts Ag₃[PMo₁₂O₄₀] and Ag₃[PW₁₂O₄₀], which have a low cost, high yield and activity at low concentrations. However, further evaluation of in vivo tests is still required.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.459-480
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was done to analyze the contents of nurses' ethical decision-making in four of hypothetical dilemma cases using the Cameron's Ethical Decision-Making Model of 'Value, Be, Do'. Method: Sixteen nurses who work at ICU at present or worked before, participated from April 10 to May 10 in 2002. The participants were interviewed three times each and for 40 minutes at once, with a structured questionnaire at their working places and locker rooms. The data was analyzed by a procedure of qualitative content analysis into three categories; what should I value, who should I be, what should I do. Result: 1) In consistency, most of subjects showed a unified voice in 'Value, Be, Do'. Exceptionally 8 subjects showed inconsistency such as 3 in active treatment to the incurable patients(case 1), 1 in treatment truth-telling to the terminally ill patients(case 2), 3 in conflict with uncooperative doctors(case 3), 3 in dying patients and euthanasia(case 4). Only one subject showed inconsistency in 3 dilemma cases. 2) Closing the interview procedure, the subjects evaluated Cameron's Model as it would help them build consistent value, carry right action, and cope to conflicts. Conclusion: On the basis of the results, it is recommended that nursing ethics should adopt the ethical decision-making model, and be applied to the curriculum of nursing colleges and continuing education program for clinical nurses.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.224-233
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between residential surroundings, such as a power plant, steel mill and petrochemical facilities, and urinary arsenic concentrations in Chungcheongnam-do Province, Korea. Methods: Stratified by fish consumption and residential district, median and maximum block sampling was applied. A total of 346 spot urine samples were speciated for $As^{5+}$, $As^{3+}$, monomethylarsonic acid(MMA), dimethylarsonic acid (DMA) and arsenobetaine (AsB). Exposure assessment was based on questionnaires including data on sex, age, current tobacco use, fish consumption, type of water consumed, and occupational category. Results: Urinary $As^{5+}+As^{3+}+MMA+DMA$ concentrations of people living in the vicinity of a power plant ($GM=50.39{\mu}g/g$) were 61% higher than those of people living in the inland area according to median block sampling. Urinary $As^{5+}+As^{3+}+MMA+DMA+AsB$ concentrations of people living in the vicinity of industrial complex area were higher than those of people living in the inland area according to block sampling by median and maximum. Conclusion: Urinary arsenic concentrations of people living in vulnerable areas such as around industrial complexes, especially power plants, were higher than those of people living in an inland area.