• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.924-926
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• 2011

악성코드의 지속적인 진화와 확대로 인해 악성코드 자체의 은닉 및 봇넷의 구성, C&C 서버의 구조뿐만 아니라 좀비 PC 를 이용한 DDoS 공격 방식에도 변화가 지속되고 있으며, 이에 대한 대등이 서비스 제공자에게 있어 가장 중요한 보호 이슈 중 하나로 대두되고 있다. 최근 이러한 DDoS 공격의 가장 일반적인 형태인 GET flooding 공격의 경우 리다이렉션 방법을 이용하여 회피하였지만, 최근들어 공격자가 일부 좀비 PC 를 이용하여 공격을 수행한 후 리다이렉션 페이지의 주소를 확보, C&C 서버를 통해 리다이렉션된 실제 응답페이지를 직접 공격하게 함으로써 이를 무력화 시키는 방법을 사용하고 있다. 본 논문은 호스트이름 변경, 페이지 주소 변경 등을 상황에 맞게 지속적으로 변경 적용하는 다이내믹 리다이렉션(Dynamic Redirection) 기법을 사용하여 효과적으로 리다이렉션 무력화 공격에 대응하는 방법을 제안한다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.54-65
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• 2008

When DDoS attack is achieved, malicious host discovering is more difficult on wireless network than existing wired network environment. Specially, because wireless network is weak on wireless user authentication attack and packet spoofing attack, advanced technology should be studied in reply. Integrated Access Device (IAD) that support VoIP communication facility etc with wireless routing function recently is developed and is distributed widely. IAD is alternating facility that is offered in existent AP. Therefore, advanced traffic classification function and real time attack detection function should be offered in IAD on wireless network environment. System that is presented in this research collects client information of wireless network that connect to IAD using AirSensor. And proposed mechanism also offers function that collects the wireless client's attack packet to monitoring its legality. Also the proposed mechanism classifies and detect the attack packet with W-TMS system that was received to IAD. As a result, it was possible for us to use IAD on wireless network service stably.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2012

This paper suggests Effectiveness Evaluation Methods of DDoS attacks countermeasures model by simulation. According to the security objectives that are suggested by NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology), It represents a hierarchical Effectiveness Evaluation Model. we calculated the weights of factors that security objectives, security controls, performance indicator through AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis. Subsequently, we implemented Arena Simulation Model for the calculation of function points at the performance indicator. The detection and protection algorithm involve methods of critical-level setting, signature and anomaly(statistic) based detection techniques for Network Layer 4, 7 attacks. Proposed Effectiveness Evaluation Model can be diversely used to evaluate effectiveness of countermeasures and techniques for new security threats each organization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.152-155
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• 2018

Over the past years, Link Flooding Attacks (LFAs) have been introduced as new network threats. LFAs are indirect DDoS attacks that selectively flood intermediate core links, while legacy DDoS attacks directly targets end points. Flooding bandwidth in the core links results in that a wide target area is affected by the attack. In the traditional network, mitigating LFAs is a challenge since an attacker can easily construct a link map that contains entire network topology via traceroute. Security researchers have proposed many solutions, however, they focused on reactive countermeasures that respond to LFAs when attacks occurred. We argue that this reactive approach is limited in that core links are already exposed to an attacker. In this paper, we present SDHoneyNet that prelocates vulnerable links by computing static and dynamic property on Software-defined Networks (SDN). SDHoneyNet deploys Honey Topology, which is obfuscated topology, on the nearby links. Using this approach, core links can be hidden from attacker's sight, which leads to effectively building proactive method for mitigating LFAs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.241-243
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 분산 서비스 거부 공격에 대한 대응 방법으로서 노드 상태를 전파하는 프로토콜을 제안한다. 기존에 제시된 방법들은 공격 트래픽이 있을 경우 역추적과 필터링에 각각의 부하가 걸리는 단점이 있었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 역추적과 필터링을 통합하여 트래픽 처리 부하를 줄일 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.22-30
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• 2020

With the development of information and communication technology, DDoS and DRDoS continue to become security issues, and gradually develop into advanced techniques. Recently, IT companies have been threatened with DRDoS technology, which uses protocols from normal servers to exploit as reflective servers. Reflective traffic is traffic from normal servers, making it difficult to distinguish from security equipment and amplified to a maximum of Tbps in real-life cases. In this paper, after comparing and analyzing the DNS amplification and Memcached amplification used in DRDoS attacks, a countermeasure that can reduce the effectiveness of the attack is proposed. Protocols used as reflective traffic include TCP and UDP, and NTP, DNS, and Memcached. Comparing and analyzing DNS protocols and Memcached protocols with higher response sizes of reflective traffic among the protocols used as reflective traffic, Memcached protocols amplify ±21% more than DNS protocols. The countermeasure can reduce the effectiveness of an attack by using the Memcached Protocol's memory initialization command. In future studies, various security-prone servers can be shared over security networks to predict the fundamental blocking effect.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.992-995
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• 2011

ALADDIN(Advanced Layer-free DDoS Defense INfrastructure) 시스템은 양방향 10Gbps 트래픽을 처리할 수 있는 안티 DDoS 전용 시스템이다. 로드 밸런서 엔진, 안티 DDoS 분석 엔진, PCI-Express 엔진으로 구성된 세 개의 FPGA 기반 하드웨어 엔진과 소프트웨어 엔진으로 이루어진 시스템은 인라인 모드로 동작하면서 Wire-speed 로 패킷을 처리한다. 시스템은 네트워크 레벨의 DDoS 공격뿐만 아니라 어플리케이션 레벨의 DDoS 공격도 실시간으로 탐지하고 대응한다. 본 논문에서는 ALADDIN 시스템의 설계 및 구현, 테스트 결과에 대해 기술한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.719-722
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• 2013

최근 클라우드 서비스의 호스트를 감염시켜 봇넷화 시킨 후 분산 서비스 거부 공격을 시도하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 이와 같은 공격을 대응하기 위한 방법 중 공격의 근원지를 추적하여 차단함으로써 피해를 감소시키는 역추적 기술이 있으며, 이를 클라우드 환경에 적용시킬 수 있는 방안을 고려해야 한다. 따라서 클라우드 환경에서 분산 서비스 거부 공격의 역추적에 관한 보안 요구사항을 분석하고 이를 기반으로 역추적 기술을 클라우드 환경에 적용시켜 보안성 및 효율성을 향상시키고자 한다.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2012

There was a large scale of DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service) attacks mostly targeted at Korean government web sites and cooperations's on March 4, 2010(3.4 DDoS attack) after 7.7 DDoS on July 7, 2009. In these days, anyone can create zombie PCs to attack someone's website with malware development toolkits and farther more improve their knowledge of hacking skills as well as toolkits because it has become easier to obtain these toolkits on line, For that trend, it has been difficult for computer security specialists to counteract DDoS attacks. In this paper, we will introduce an essential control list to prevent malware infection with live forensics techniques after analysis of monitoring network systems and PCs. Hopefully our suggestion of how to coordinate a security monitoring system in this paper will give a good guideline for cooperations who try to build their new systems or to secure their existing systems.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2007

A serious problem to fight DDoS attacks is that attackers use incorrect or spoofed IP addresses in the attack packets. Due to the stateless nature of the internet, it is a difficult problem to determine the source of these spoofed IP packets. The most of previous studies to prevent and correspond to DDoS attacks using the traceback mechanism have been accomplished in IPv4 environment. Even though a few studies in IPv6 environment were introduced, those have no detailed mechanism to cope with DDoS attacks. The mechanisms for tracing the origin of attacks in IPv6 networks have so many differences from those of IPv4 networks. In this paper we proposed a lightweight IP traceback mechanism in IPv6 network environment. When marking for traceback is needed, the router can generate Hop-by-Hop option and transmit the marked packet. We measured the performance of this mechanism and at the same time meeting the efficient marking for traceback.