• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.843-852
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• 2019

In the present study, we established a comprehensive dataset of dose coefficients (DCs) of the new meshtype ICRP reference computational phantoms (MRCPs) for idealized external exposures of photons and electrons with the Geant4 code. Subsequently, the DCs for the nine organs/tissues, calculated for their thin radiosensitive target regions, were compared with the values calculated by averaging the absorbed doses over the entire organ/tissue regions to observe the influence of the thin sensitive regions on dose calculations. The result showed that the influences for both photons and electrons were generally insignificant for the majority of organs/tissues, but very large for the skin and eye lens, especially for electrons. Furthermore, the large influence for the skin eventually affected the effective dose calculations for electrons. The DCs of the MRCPs also were compared with the current ICRP-116 values produced with the current ICRP-110 reference phantoms. The result showed that the DCs for the majority of organs/ tissues and effective dose were generally similar to the ICRP-116 values for photons, except for very low energies; however, for electrons, significant differences from the ICRP-116 values were found in the DCs, particularly for superficial organs/tissues and skeletal tissues, and also for effective dose.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• v.34
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• pp.1.1-1.13
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• 2022

Background: Recently, there has been a call to improve the holistic welfare of dependent contractors (DCs). Thus, our study examined the relationship between DCs and mental health symptoms and how this relationship was modified by age, sex, and income status of workers. Methods: A total of 27,980 workers from the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey are included in our study. The participants who reported having depression or anxiety over the last 12 months are defined those who had mental health symptoms. We performed exact matching for age group and sex, followed by conditional logistic regression with survey weights. Finally, stratified analyses by age, sex and income level were conducted. Results: DCs were found to be at increased risk of depression/anxiety compared to other workers. The odds ratio (OR) is 1.52 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-2.17). In the stratified analyses, vulnerable groups were middle-aged (OR [95% CI]: 1.68 [1.10-2.54]), female (OR [95% CI]: 1.85 [1.20-2.84]), and low-income (OR [95% CI]: 3.18 [1.77-5.73]) workers. Conclusions: Our study's results reinforce those of other studies that show that DCs are at greater risk of experiencing mental health issues than other workers and that and this risk is greater for middle-aged, female, and low-income workers. These results suggest that appropriate policy efforts should be made to improve the psychological well-being of DCs.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.218-221
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• 2013

CD1d expressing dendritic cells (DCs) are good glyco-lipid antigen presenting cells for NKT cells. However, resting B cells are very weak stimulators for NKT cells. Although ${\alpha}$-galactosylceramide (${\alpha}$-GalCer) loaded B cells can activate NKT cells, it is not well defined whether B cells interfere NKT cell stimulating activity of DCs. Unexpectedly, we found in this study that B cells can promote Th1-skewed NKT cell response, which means a increased level of IFN-${\gamma}$ by NKT cells, concomitant with a decreased level of IL-4, in the circumstance of co-culture of DCs and B Cells. Remarkably, the response promoted by B cells was dependent on CD1d expression of B cells.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.245-248
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• 1997

As the increasing the demand on information service, high-capacity and high-speed telecommunication networks are required. For the networks, very intelligent telecommunication equipments such as DCS(Digital Cross-connect System) will be employed for the fast service on the various types of information including voice, data and image. This paper considers the transmission networks composed of DCSs and optical fibers as nodes and links of the networks, respectively. For the networks, some types of restoration algorithms are compared their characteristics for their potential applications. And a distributed control algorithm is described as an empirical example which is implemented on the BDCS(Broadband Digital Cross-connect System), where the BDCS is a type of DCS developed in Korea. Finally, some remarks on the associated further researches are added.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2002

The fan stall guard system of boiler airing system of the class of 500MW capacity to protect fan. But because confidence is loosed and operation is influenced by frequent fault of fan stall guard system, confidence is improved by substituting DCS Logic for it.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.461-465
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• 2004

In this paper, we examined receiving parameters of IMT-2000 receiving system and also analyzed them through simulation based on the minimum specification of DCS and PCS mobile station. As a result of simulation, noise figure which is the parameter of specification of the receiving sensitivity is 7.21dB, 6.03dB, and 7.89dB in case of DCS, PCS and IMT-2000 respectively. Therefore we found the receiving sensitivity of IMT-2000 mobile station lower than that of DCS and PCS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.364-367
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• 2011

The development of the DCS thrust unit during the attitude control thruster of the launch vehicle and guided missile is introduced. The DCS thrust unit using solid propellants based on a two-axis control is designed and through the thermo-structural and flow analysis is designed in detail. The performance of the thrust unit based on the detail design is demonstrated through a combustion test.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07d
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• pp.1887-1888
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• 2006

분산제어시스템을 사용할 경우 보통은 전용의 HMI를 사용하게 되는게 일반적이다. 효성의 분산제어시스템 (HIPAC : Hyosung Integrated Process Automation Control)에서도 HIS (Human Interface Station) 라는 전용 HMI를 사용하는 것이 일반적이다. 그러나 최근 연구과제로서 효성 DCS 시스템과 범용 HMI와의 인터페이스 개발을 수행하게 되면서 효성 DCS에서 범용의 HMI를 사용할 수 있게 되었다. 본 연구는 효성 DCS 시스템과 GeFanuc사(社)의 범용 HMI인 iFix3.5 간의 I/O인터페이스 개발에 관한 내용이다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07d
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• pp.2007-2008
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• 2006

일반적으로 플랜트와 같은 대규모 설비의 공정제어를 실현하기 위해서는 분산제어시스템(DCS: Distributed Control System)을 사용하게 된다. 이 분산제어시스템은 여러 종류의 제어 및 감시 장비가 네트워크를 통하여 연결되고 맡은 기능을 포함하게 된다. 이러한 분산제어시스템을 사용하거나 개발하기 위해서는 계통을 구성하는 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어의 세부 기술특성 및 제원을 평가하는 것이 필요하다. 한국원자력연구소와 두산중공업은 원자력발전소의 공정제어계통에 사용한 상용 분산제어시스템의 기술적 평가항목과 권장되는 성능지표를 개발하였다. 이 논문은 개발된 평가항목과 제원을 분산제어시스템의 구성 요소별로 분리하여 서술한다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.118-120
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• 2016

A coplanar waveguide employing periodic 3D coupling structures (CWP3DCS) was developed for application in miniaturized on-chip passive components on silicon radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC). The CWP3DCS showed the shortest wavelength of all silicon-based transmission line structures that have been reported to date. Using CWP3DCS, a highly miniaturized impedance transformer was fabricated on silicon substrate, and the resulting device showed good RF performance in a broad band from 4.6 GHz to 28.6 GHz. The device as was 0.04 mm² in size, which is only 0.74% of the size of the conventional transformer on silicon substrate.