• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2009

Calbindin-$D_{9k}$ (CaBP-9k), a cytosolic calcium-binding protein, is expressed in a variety of tissues, i.e., the duodenum, uterus, placenta, kidney and pituitary gland. Duodenal CaBP-9k is involved in intestinal calcium absorption, and is regulated at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the hormonal form of vitamin D, and glucocorticoids (GCs). Uterine CaBP-9k has been implicated in the regulation of myometrial action(s) through modulation of intracellular calcium, and steroid hormones appear to be the main regulators in its uterine and placental regulation. Because phenotypes of CaBP-9k-null mice appear to be normal, other calcium-transporter genes may compensate for its gene deletion and physiological function in knockout mice. Previous studies indicate that CaBP-9k may be controlled in a tissue-specific fashion. In this review, we summarize the current information on calcium homeostasis related to CaBP-9k gene regulation by GCs, vitamin D and its receptors, and its molecular regulatory mechanism. In addition, we present related data from our current research.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.667-676
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• 2017

Abnormal differentiation of muscle is closely associated with aging (sarcopenia) and diseases such as cancer and type II diabetes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate muscle differentiation will be useful in the treatment and prevention of these conditions. Protein lysine acetylation and methylation are major post-translational modification mechanisms that regulate key cellular processes. In this study, to elucidate the relationship between myogenic differentiation and protein lysine acetylation/methylation, we performed a PCR array of enzymes related to protein lysine acetylation/methylation during C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Our results indicated that the expression pattern of HDAC11 was substantially increased during myoblast differentiation. Furthermore, ectopic expression of HDAC11 completely inhibited myoblast differentiation, concomitant with reduced expression of key myogenic transcription factors. However, the catalytically inactive mutant of HDAC11 (H142/143A) did not impede myoblast differentiation. In addition, wild-type HDAC11, but not the inactive HDAC11 mutant, suppressed MyoD-induced promoter activities of MEF2C and MYOG (Myogenin), and reduced histone acetylation near the E-boxes, the MyoD binding site, of the MEF2C and MYOG promoters. Collectively, our results indicate that HDAC11 would suppress myoblast differentiation via regulation of MyoD-dependent transcription. These findings suggest that HDAC11 is a novel critical target for controlling myoblast differentiation.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2011

The Bacillus subtilis pyrimidine biosynthetic (pyr) operon encodes all of the enzymes for the de novo biosynthesis of Uridine monophosphate (UMP) and additional cistrones encoding a uracil permease and the regulatory protein PyrR. The PyrR is a bifunctional protein with pyr mRNA-binding regulatory funtion and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity. To study the global regulation by the pyrR deletion, the proteome comparison between Bacillus subtilis DB104 and Bacillus subtilis DB104 ${\Delta}$pyrR in the minimal medium without pyrimidines was employed. Proteome analysis of the cytosolic proteins from both strains by 2D-gel electrophoresis showed the variations in levels of protein expression. On the silver stained 2D-gel with an isoelectric point (pI) between 4 and 10, about 1,300 spots were detected and 172 spots showed quantitative variations in which 42 high quantitatively variant proteins were identified. The results showed that production of the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes (PyrAA, PyrAB, PyrB, PyrC, PyrD, and PyrF) were significantly increased in B. subtilis DB104 ${\Delta}$pyrR. Besides, proteins associated carbohydrate metabolism, elongation protein synthesis, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, motility, tRNA synthetase, catalase, ATP-binding protein, and cell division protein FtsZ were overproduced in the PyrR-deficient mutant. Based on analytic results, the PyrR might be involved a number of other metabolisms or various phenomena in the bacterial cell besides the pyrimidine biosynthesis.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.206-212
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• 2006

We have established in culture a spontaneously immortalized bovine embryonic fibroblast (BEF) cell line that has lost p53 and $p16^{INK4a}$ functions. MyoD is a muscle-specific regulator capable of inducing myogenesis in a number of cell types. When the BEF cells were transduced with MyoD they differentiated efficiently to desmin-positive myofibers in the presence of 2% horse serum and 1.7 nM insulin. The myogenic differentiation of this cell line was more rapid and obvious than that of C2C12 cells, as judged by morphological changes and expression of various muscle regulatory factors. To confirm that lack of the p53 and $p16^{INK4a}$ pathway does not prevent MyoD-mediated myogenesis, we established a cell line transformed with SV40LT (BEFV) and introduced MyoD into it. In the presence of 2% horse serum and 1.7 nM insulin, the MyoD-transduced BEFV cells differentiated like the MyoD-transduced BEFS cells, and displayed a similar pattern of expression of muscle regulatory proteins. Taken together, our results indicate that MyoD overexpression overcomes the defect in muscle differentiation associated with immortalization and cell transformation caused by the loss of p53 and Rb functions.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.388-393
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• 2016

Although brown adipose tissue is important with regard to energy balance, the molecular mechanism of brown adipocyte differentiation has not been extensively studied. Specifically, regulation factors at the level of protein modification are largely unknown. In this study, we examine the changes in the expression level of enzymes which are involved in protein lysine methylation during brown adipocyte differentiation. Several enzymes, in this case SUV420H2, PRDM9, MLL3 and JHDM1D, were found to be up-regulated. On the other hand, Set7/9 was significantly down-regulated. In the case of SUV420H2, the expression level increased sharply during brown adipocyte differentiation, whereas the expression of SUV420H2 was marginally enhanced during the white adipocyte differentiation. The knock-down of SUV420H2 caused the suppression of brown adipocyte differentiation, as compared to a scrambled control. These results suggest that SUV420H2, a methyltransferase, is involved in brown adipocyte differentiation, and that the methylation of protein lysine is important in brown adipocyte differentiation.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2020

In large-scale hospitals, the department of biomedical engineering should always provide quick repair service for damaged medical devices to guarantee continuous patient treatment. However, in actual circumstances, there are so many time-consuming issues that delays device repair for weeks or even months; therefore, it is required to prepare alternative ways for quick repair service. In this study, we first mentioned about the regulation issues in Korea about the 3D printing-based medical device repair, and then introduced the results of our preliminary study that evaluated the feasibility of 3D printing-based medical device repair before real-field application. Results of the study demonstrated that, in all of the 23 cases, parts for repair that were manufactured by 3D-printing were successfully fixed and connected to the main body of the original device, and showed sufficient rigidity for protecting internal parts of the device. Considering the experimental results, medical device repair by applying 3D printing technology can be a promising alternative in cases when regular repair process is not available or takes too much time.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.593-600
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• 2009

In Korea, the government has developed SEUMTER, an administration system for building related public service, to facilitate and promote the electronic submission and permission activities. SEUMTER is progressing legality system based on 2D drawing for building administration permission service. However, there are a lot of problems related to legality system owing to complexity of Korea regulation relation and structure, inefficiency of legality system based on 2D drawing, duplication examination of document (soliciting forms for civil affairs) and drawing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop legality system for building administration permission service based on BIM in Korea. To achieve this purpose, the authors have investigated permission procedure and regulation structure that is used in current building administration permission and suggested permission procedure and regulation structure for legality system based on BIM. In addition, the authors have investigated element technologies (for examples, method of structured regulation, BIM model checker, Viewer, etc) for legality system based on BIM. Finally, the authors have suggested strategy and hereafter direction for application of legality system based on BIM.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.111-127
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• 2024

There is an increasing concern in the United States regarding the workforce's ability to maintain a competitive position in the global economy. This has led to an increased interest in effective science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of STEM project-based learning (PBL) on students' self-regulation and motivation to learn. Secondary students (n = 60) participated in a STEM summer camp in which STEM PBL was utilized. Results showed that students increased their self-regulation skills (t = 2.83, df = 59, p = .004) and motivation (t = 2.25, df = 59, p =.004), with Cohen's d effect sizes of 0.395 and 0.404, respectively. Student-centered learning and peer collaboration while solving real-world problems were likely the greatest contributing factors to the outcomes. Educators should utilize the results to provide opportunities for students to experience STEM PBL.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.117-125
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual effect of government R&D support and regulation as a policy on technology innovation of SMEs. Because the previous studies did not consider the endogeneity of R&D support and made inconsistent conclusions in the case of regulation, the empirical research was conducted by logistic, negative binomial regression and 2SLS analysis for 1,223 SMEs. The analysis results show that government support has the effect for technology innovation even considering the endogeneity of government R&D support, and government regulation has a positive effect on technology innovation which supports Porter's theory. These results imply that government R&D support is important in inducing technology innovation because of the vulnerability of SMEs technology development environment and government should foster SMEs technology innovation through appropriate regulation policies rather than unconditional deregulation.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.358-363
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• 2008

Through this study, 2D multibody dynamics models for analysis of train collisions have been developed to evaluate the crashworthiness requirements of the TSI regulation. The crashworthiness regulation requires some performance requirements for two heavy collision accident scenarios; a train-to-train collision at the relative speed of 36 kph, and a collision against a standard deformable obstacle of 15 ton at 110 kph. The complete train set will be composed of hybrid model with 2D and 1D model. Using numerical analysis of the hybrid model, some crashworthy design were evaluated in terms of mean crush forces and energy absorptions for main crushable structures and devices. especially, 2D model can evaluate overriding effect in train collisions. It is shown from the simulation results that the suggested hybrid model can easily evaluate the crashworthiness requirements.