• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2007

A signed 3-partite graph is a 3-partite graph in which each edge is assigned a positive or a negative sign. Let G(U, V, W) be a signed 3-partite graph with $U\;=\;\{u_1,\;u_2,\;{\cdots},\;u_p\},\;V\;=\;\{v_1,\;v_2,\;{\cdots},\;v_q\}\;and\;W\;=\;\{w_1,\;w_2,\;{\cdots},\;w_r\}$. Then, signed degree of $u_i(v_j\;and\;w_k)$ is $sdeg(u_i)\;=\;d_i\;=\;d^+_i\;-\;d^-_i,\;1\;{\leq}\;i\;{\leq}\;p\;(sdeg(v_j)\;=\;e_j\;=\;e^+_j\;-\;e^-_j,\;1\;{\leq}\;j\;{\leq}q$ and $sdeg(w_k)\;=\;f_k\;=\;f^+_k\;-\;f^-_k,\;1\;{\leq}\;k\;{\leq}\;r)$ where $d^+_i(e^+_j\;and\;f^+_k)$ is the number of positive edges incident with $u_i(v_j\;and\;w_k)$ and $d^-_i(e^-_j\;and\;f^-_k)$ is the number of negative edges incident with $u_i(v_j\;and\;w_k)$. The sequences ${\alpha}\;=\;[d_1,\;d_2,\;{\cdots},\;d_p],\;{\beta}\;=\;[e_1,\;e_2,\;{\cdots},\;e_q]$ and ${\gamma}\;=\;[f_1,\;f_2,\;{\cdots},\;f_r]$ are called the signed degree sequences of G(U, V, W). In this paper, we characterize the signed degree sequences of signed 3-partite graphs.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2009년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.157-162
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• 2009

컴퓨터의 성능 향상 및 정보 통신 기술의 발달은 출판 산업에도 영향을 주어 전자 자원의 한 형태인 e-Book 시스템이 출현하게 되었다. 이는 텍스트 및 2D 이미지 삽화를 이용한 방식으로, 고품질의 콘텐츠를 원하는 사용자들이 증가하고 있으며, 3D를 활용한 어류도감 등의 다양한 콘텐츠를 원하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 현재의 e-Book 시스템에 3D 애니메이션 객체를 삽입하여 텍스트의 이해도 및 상세 정보의 가독성을 높이고, 몰입감을 증가시키기 위해 e-Book 기법을 적용한 3D 어류 시뮬레이션 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3961-3968
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• 2015

Background: Variants of human papillomavirus (HPV) show more oncogenicity than do prototypes. The HPV16 Asian variant (HPV16As) plays a major role in cervical cancer of Asian populations. Some amino acid changes in the E6 protein of HPV16 variants affect E6 functions such as p53 interaction and host immune surveillance. This study aimed to investigate activities of HPV16As E6 protein on modulation of expression of miRNA-21 as well as interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) 1, 3, 7 and c-fos. Materials and Methods: Vectors expressing E6 protein of HPV16As (E6D25E) or HPV16 prototype (E6Pro) were constructed and transfected into C33A cells. HCK1T cells expressing E6D25E or E6Pro were established by transducing retrovirus-containing E6D25E or 16E6Pro. The E6AP-binding activity of E6 and proliferation of the transfected C33A cells were determined. MiR-21 and mRNA of interesting genes were detected in the transfected C33A cells and/or the HCK1T cells, with or without treatment by culture medium from HeLa cells (HeLa-CM). Results: E6D25E showed binding activity with E6AP similar to that of E6Pro. Interestingly, E6D25E showed a higher activity of miR-21 induction than did E6Pro in C33A cells expressing E6 protein. This result was similar to the HCK1T cells expressing E6 protein, with HeLa-CM treatment. The miR-21 up-regulation significantly corresponded to its target expression. Different levels of expression of IRFs were also observed in the HCK1T cells expressing E6 protein. Interestingly, when treated with HeLa-CM, IRFs 1, 3 and 7 as well as c-fos were significantly suppressed in the HCK1T cells expressing E6D25E, whereas those in the HCK1T cells expressing E6Pro were induced. A similar situation was seen for IFN-${\alpha}$ and IFN-${\beta}$. Conclusions: E6D25E of the HPV16As variant differed from the E6 prototype in its activities on epigenetic modulation and immune surveillance and this might be a key factor for the important role of this variant in cervical cancer progression.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제45권10호
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• pp.844-854
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• 2017

E-D 노즐은 고도에 따라 노즐 내의 유효 면적을 변화시켜 고도 보정 효과를 통해 성능 이득을 가지는 노즐이다. E-D 노즐은 노즐의 길이를 절감시켜 발사체의 탑재중량이득을 얻을 수 있다고 알려져 있는데, 이러한 E-D 노즐의 장점과 잠재적인 가능성 때문에 영국, 독일, 호주, 유럽 등에서 관련된 연구가 수행되었다. 영국의 경우 E-D 노즐의 유동 특성과 고도 보정 노즐 중 듀얼 벨 노즐과의 성능 비교 연구를 수행하였고, DLR에서는 E-D 노즐의 천이 특성을 파악하기 위해 노즐 압력비 변화에 따른 천이 특성을 중점적으로 분석하였다. 유럽에서는 실제 발사체 Ariane 5 ESC-B 상단에 E-D 노즐 개념을 적용한 수치적 연구를 수행하여 노즐 길이 절감에 따른 탑재중량이득 가능성을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서는 국외에서 수행한 E-D 노즐의 연구 동향을 특징 별로 분류 및 분석하였고, 향후 E-D 노즐 연구의 기초 자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2004

본 연구는 타각적 굴절검사인 자동 굴절검사기기를 사용하였고 근용굴절력을 검사하였다. 대상자는 대구지역에 거주하는 중 장년 남,여들로 구성되어 있다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 검사 대상자는 남자 161명(29.98%), 여자 356명(70.02%)으로 총 537명으로 구성된다. 2. 검사 대상자 중에서 비정시의 분포는 근시 6명(1.12%), 원시 15명(2.79%), 그 외는 난시 516명(96.09%)이다. 3. 난시안 중에서 난시 종류 따른 분포는 근시성복성난시 89명(16.57%), 원시성복성난시 245명(45.62%), 혼합난시 182명(33.89%)이다. 4. 근시도의 등가구면굴절력(M.S.E)은 -0.50D${\leq}$M.S.E.<-1.00D에 속하는 비율이 39명(21.67%), -1.0000${\leq}$M.S.E.<-2.000 에 속하는 비율이 88명(48.89%)%, -2.00D${\leq}$M.S.E.<-6.00D에 속하는 비율이 53명(29.44%)이다. 5. 원시도의 등가구면굴절력(H.S.E)은 +0.50D${\leq}$H.S.E.<+1.00D에 속하는 비율이 102명(28.57%), +1.00D${\leq}$H.S.E.<+2.00D에 속하는 비율이 176명(49.30%), +2.00D${\leq}$H.S.E.<+6.00D에 속하는 비율이 79명(23.13%)이다. 6. 가입도의 분포를 살펴보면 대상자 537명 중에서 1.00D는 43명(8.01%), 1.50D는 46명(8.57%), 2.00D는 74명 (13.78%), 2.50D는 89명(16.57%), 3.00D는 91명(16.95%), 3.50D는 96명(17.88%), 4.00D는 98명(18.25%)이다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2017

Let $D{\subseteq}E$ be an extension of integral domains with characteristic zero, I be a nonzero proper ideal of D, and let H(D, E) and H(D, I) (resp., h(D, E) and h(D, I)) be composite Hurwitz series rings (resp., composite Hurwitz polynomial rings). In this article, we show that H(D, E) is an Archimedean ring if and only if h(D, E) is an Archimedean ring, if and only if ${\bigcap}_{n{\geq}1}d^nE=(0)$ for each nonzero nonunit d in D. We also prove that H(D, I) is an Archimedean ring if and only if h(D, I) is an Archimedean ring, if and only if D is an Archimedean ring.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.30-47
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• 2006

La $d\'{e}marche$ et l'objet de cette recherche sont d'analyser, psychiquement, $th\'{e}oriquement$, les marques de $l'intersexualit\'{e}$ $pr\'{e}sentent$ en Orient et les $\'{e}l\'{e}ments$ intersexuels, binaires dans le $v\hat{e}tement$, et $\'{e}galement$ de comprendre $l'ambiguit\'{e}$ ou encore la fusion des $identit\'{e}s$ $sexu\'{e}es$, qui $pr\'{e}sente$ symboliquement a travers le $v\hat{e}tement$, dans la $soci\'{e}t\'{e}$ moderne. La base fondamentale dans la $th\'{e}orie$ de l'Orient est que l'univers se divise en Yin ($caract\`{e}re\;f\'{e}minin$) et Yang ($caract\`{e}re$ masculin) et que tout individu $poss\`{e}de$ $\'{e}galement$ ce couple, en quelque sorte un intersexuel qui s'ignore, avec des variations selon l'individu. En $d\'{e}finitive$, les compositions doubles des $\'{e}l\'{e}ments$ dans le $v\hat{e}tement$ oriental montraient $embl\'{e}matiquement$ nos $qualit\'{e}s$ doubles, masculins et $f\'{e}minins$, et les trois $\'{e}l\'{e}ments$ semblent primordiaux pour $l'\'{e}lucidation$ de la $pr\'{e}disposition$ du porteur : la couleur du tissu, sa forme et la texture du $v\hat{e}tement$. La mode d'auiourd'hui oscille entre masculin et $f\hat{e}minin$. Cette fusion de la mode semble le reflet d'une tendance intersexuelle et d'une fusion du genre. Ainsi, cette recherche est, $\grave{a}$ travers $l'\'{e}l\'{e}ment$ masculin ou $f\'{e}minin$ des $v\hat{e}tements$, pour tenter de discerner lesprit, l'intention et le $caract\`{e}re$ sexuel dominant du porteur.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.213-217
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• 2003

Antioxidants have been used in cosmetic industry for treatment of aged skin and recently have been also introduced as additives in photoprotection products. In order to determine among the Brazilian botanical species presenting interesting antioxidant activities we have screened several extracts from plants from Rain and Amazonical Tropical Forests, as well as some endemic species, using both TBARs and DPPH methods. Extracts with antioxidant activities were found with Jacaranda caroba, Veloso DL, Spilanthes oleracea (Spilanthes acmella var. oleracea), Orbignya phalerata, Pothomorphe umbellata, Chiococca brachiata and Polypodium lepidopteris. Other extracts such as Camelia sinensis, Sambucus australis, Rosmarinus officinalis L. were also studied, and showed some antioxidant activity.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.679-694
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• 2011

La langue est un des ${\acute{e}}l{\acute{e}}ments$ $privil{\acute{e}}gi{\acute{e}}s$ de la $r{\hat{e}}verie$ chez Bachelard. La langue est une force fondamentale de l'imagination. D'une part, elle garde son propre valeur dans le processus de l'imagination, et d'autre part elle forme sa propre image. La $priorit{\acute{e}}$ de langue chez Bachelard a, en effet, quelque liaison avec la notion de Logos qui avait ${\acute{e}}t{\acute{e}}$ $trait{\acute{e}}$ depuis longtemps comme $v{\acute{e}}rit{\acute{e}}$ ${\acute{e}}ternelle$ dans la $m{\acute{e}}taphysique$ occidentale. Cependant, la notion de logos de Bachelard se $diff{\grave{e}}re$ de celle de $m{\acute{e}}taphysique$ occidentale. Tandis que la $m{\acute{e}}taphysique$ traditionnelle traite le logos comme un but ${\acute{e}}ternel$ de sa $m{\acute{e}}ditation$, Bachelard donne l'importance sur la $capacit{\acute{e}}$ linguistique et imaginaire du logos. Le $logosph{\grave{e}}re$ est un des exemples qui montre bien la $diff{\acute{e}}rence$ entre la notion de logos de Bachelard et celle de $m{\acute{e}}taphysique$ traditionnelle. Le $logosph{\grave{e}}re$ est un $n{\acute{e}}ologisme$ de Bachelard qui est fait pour $d{\acute{e}}signer$ $l^{\prime}atmosph{\grave{e}}re$ verbal de la $soci{\acute{e}}t{\acute{e}}$ contemporaine $gr{\hat{a}}ce$ ${\grave{a}}$ l'emission de radio. Bachelard comprend le $ph{\acute{e}}nom{\grave{e}}ne$ de radio en tant que $r{\acute{e}}alisation$ de $Psych{\acute{e}}$ dans la vie quotidienne. C'est $gr{\hat{a}}ce$ ${\grave{a}}$ la technologie moderne que nous pouvons avoir l'univers de langue plus facilement par rapport aux $si{\grave{e}}cles$ $pr{\acute{e}}c{\acute{e}}dents$. Selon Bachelard, la radio n'est pas un simple instrument de communication. C'est une porte pour entrer dans la $r{\hat{e}}verie$ universelle. La radio est une voix du monde qui exprime notre inconscient. Quand un $r{\hat{e}}veur$ $r{\hat{e}}ve$, son $r{\hat{e}}verie$ se $d{\acute{e}}veloppe$ en se discutant avec le monde. Alors, quand nous $r{\hat{e}}vons$, nous parlons au monde et nous ${\acute{e}}coutons$ du monde, de sorte que nous devenons les citoyens du $logosph{\grave{e}}re$. Dans son oeuvre Sur la Grammatologie, J. Derrida critique la $m{\acute{e}}taphysique$ occidentale en la intitulant logocentrisme. Derrida pense que la philosophie occidentale a comme le but final la $pr{\acute{e}}sence$ de logos. Cette $pr{\acute{e}}sence$ de logos ne peut ${\hat{e}}tre$ $r{\acute{e}}alis{\acute{e}}e$ que par la langue de la voix, non pas par la langue de $caract{\grave{e}}re$. $D^{\prime}o{\grave{u}}$ vient le logocentrisme ou le phonocentrisme de $m{\acute{e}}taphysique$ occidental. Mais Derrida pense que le logocentrisme n'est qu'un autre aspect de l'ethnocentrisme ${\acute{e}}troit$ de l'occident. La notion de $logosph{\grave{e}}re$ de Bachelard a quelques ressemblances avec logocentrisme par ses apparences. Cependant, elles ont une $diff{\acute{e}}rence$ fondamentale depuis leur $d{\acute{e}}part$. Tandis que logocentrisme $tra{\hat{i}}te$ la parole en tant que $mani{\grave{e}}re$ d'expression de raison qui est une puissance fondamentale de l'homme, Bachelard pense que la parole est un $r{\acute{e}}sultat$ d'une opposition et fusion de notre raisons et parole. Bachelard pense que la parole est une $r{\acute{e}}alisation$ de l'image qui est l'essence de notre $psych{\acute{e}}$. Pour lui, la parole, la quintessence de $logosph{\grave{e}}re$, est le champ de l'imagination $d^{\prime}o{\grave{u}}$ jaillissent les images. C'est pour cela que $logosph{\grave{e}}re$ se situe ${\grave{a}}$ l'antipode de logocentrisme. $Logosph{\grave{e}}re$ nous fournit un espace de $r{\hat{e}}verie$ de langue. Notre $soci{\acute{e}}t{\acute{e}}$ contemporaine $fourr{\acute{e}}e$ des images visuelles creuses est $d{\acute{e}}pouill{\acute{e}}e$ de plus en plus des espaces de $r{\hat{e}}veries$. C'est une des raisons que le $logosph{\grave{e}}re$ de Bachelard doit ${\hat{e}}tre$ $r{\acute{e}}activ{\acute{e}}$ aujourd'hui.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2007

The recent works of architecture and interior design take on too various aspects to be classified as a trend or tendency. Many subjects, seeking the superiority between form and function in space which was the issue of Modernism, got to face the works which transcend the limitation of architecture due to the development of a variety of media and technology these days. In result, we could see the works which are to be Included into the category of art rather than architecture. This study starts from the thought that the common aspects of these works are based on the strangeness to pursue uniqueness, peculiarities or novelty. 'The subject of this study, $'D\acute{e}paysement'$, creates a new relation, disconnected from customs, to an architecture which became familiar through defragment, fixation and abstraction by the habitual relation and makes it reborn as an architecture which gives us a fantasy and a pleasure, by converting into the shape and image which are different from its original shape when a stimulus is given to an architecture. This study starts from the artistic aspect which has a close correlation with the architecture. The subject, $'D\acute{e}paysement'$ could be historically considered in two aspects - $D\acute{e}paysement$ of Surrealism which developed in paintings and Defamiliarization of Russian Formalism in the area of literature. This study is carried in a category of $D\acute{e}paysement$, focusing on the visual aspect of the architecture. This study is composed as follows: In chapter 2, a theoretical research is performed according to the definition and meaning of the $D\acute{e}paysement$ expression techniques, its origination and evolution, and type classification by the features of expression techniques in the era of Surrealism when $D\acute{e}paysement$ developed most vigorously in the area of art. In chapter 3, the system which formalizes the expression method of the techniques is presented, focusing on the case analysis of the artistic works according to the types of $D\acute{e}paysement$. In chapter 4, the application of the expression techniques of $D\acute{e}paysement$ is discussed by conducting cases analysis of the modern interior design.