• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.314-316
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• 2002

In halobacterial membrane, pharaonis phoborhodopsin (or pharaonis sensory rhdopsin II, psRII) forms a complex with its transducer pHtrII. Flash-photolyis of D75N mutant did not yield M-intermediate but an O-like intermediate is observed. We examined the interaction between D75N of ppR and t-Htr (truncated pHtrII). These formed a complex in the presence of n-dodecyl-$\beta$-D-maltoside, and the association accelerated the decay of the 0 of D75N from 15 to 56 s$\^$-1/. From the decay time constants under varying ratios of D75N and t-Htr, n, the molar ratio of D75N/t-Htr in the complex, and K$\_$D/, the dissociation constant, were estimated. The value of n was unity and K$\_$D/ was estimated to 146 nM. This K$\_$D/ value can be considered as the association between the photo-intermediate and t-Htr, which is deduced by the method of estimation. Previously we (Photochem. Photobiol. 74, 489-494 (2001)) reported K$\_$D/ of 15 $\mu$M for the interaction between the wild-type and t-Htr by means of the change of M-decay rates. Therefore, this value should be the K$\_$D/ value for the interaction between M of the wild-type and t-Htr.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-30
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• 1975

The concept and definition of nursing and her role have been changing in accordance with the socio-cultural factors of the initial society. At present, nursing is conceptualized as a health care profession assisting man to restore, maintain and promote health by providing knowledge, wilt strength and resources through various processes of interaction. Man′s behavior, of individual and group activities for health inclusive, is driven by the initial man′s value orientation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the value orientation regarding health of rural health center milieu in order to give data for; 1. the planning for the delivery of community nursing service, 2. the health education plan at all level of nursing care activities, and 3. the planning of curriculum for nursing education. A hundred opinion leaders among the labor population residing in rural areas (P-group), hundred and six professional nurses at rural health centers (N-group) were indirectly interviewed through questionaries. And ninety five of N-group were interviewed likewise of their perceptions of P-group (NP-group) from July 15, to October 15, 1974. The result is as follows: 1. Maintenance of health is revealed to be the most valued component for man′s happiness in all the three groups. (P-group: 7.30 S. D.=1.31), (N-group :7.84 S. D. =49), and (NP-group : 5.93 S. D. =2.28) 2. The average value score of the maintenance of health revealed significant difference by P〈.001 level between each of the three groups. (Between N-group and P-group : T= -4.07 P and NP ; T=-6.93, N and NP: T=-9.35) 3. Basic health maintenance activities necessary for maintenance and promotion of personal health were moderately valued by all the three groups, P-group ; 3.74 (S. D. =.43) , N-group: 3.52 (S. D. =.34), NP-group: 3.07 (S. D. :.55) Among the 8 categories of basic health maintenance activities, "food intake" was highly valued by P-group (mean value score; 4.00 S. D=.51) , "exercise and rest" and "personal cleanliness" was highly valued by both P-group (4.02, 4.08) and N-group (4.08, 4.22). 4. The mean value score of basic health maintenance activities revealed significant difference by P〈.001 level between each of the three groups (between P-group and N-group: T=-4, 07, N-and NP: T=-6.93, P and NP T=-9.35) 5. Among the 30 questionaries, dynamic activities for health maintenance were more valued in comparison to passive activities in an tile three groups. 6. In N-group, correlation between the value of basic health maintenance activities and the personal health status personal revealed moderate significance. Correlation between the value of basic health maintenance activities and the age revealed low significance. 7. In group, correlation between the value of basic health maintenance activities and; perception of personal health status revealed non significance, between the age and sex revealed low sign affiance, and between the educational status revealed moderate significance. Recommendations are as follows ; 1. The efforts towards alteration of value orientation concerning health in general in community nursing practice de focussed be that of family Planning. 2. In order to prepare professional nurses competent in understanding individual and group, social science and behavioral science be strength ended in planning nursing curriculum. 3. Milieu of nursing experience during nursing education be Planned to begin at simple nursing problem and move towards complex, f. e. home care towards health crisis situation in order to achieve dynamic role mastery.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.815-823
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• 2010

Let ${\tau}\;{\neq}\;\delta_0$ be either a power bounded radial measure with compact support on the unit disc D with $\tau(D)\;=\;1$ such that there is a $\delta$ > 0 so that ${\mid}\hat{\tau}(s){\mid}\;{\neq}\;1$ for every $s\;{\in}\;\Sigma(\delta)$ \ {0,1}, or just a radial probability measure on D. Here, we provide a decomposition of the set X = {$h\;{\in}\;L^{\infty}(D)\;{\mid}\;lim_{n{\rightarrow}{\infty}}\;h\;*\;\tau^n$ exists}. Let $\tau_1$, ..., $\tau_n$ be measures on D with above mentioned properties. Here, we prove that if $f\;{in}\;L^{\infty}(D^n)$ satisfies an invariant volume mean value property with respect to $\tau_1$, ..., $\tau_n$, then f is n-harmonic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.1175-1182
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• 2005

Using KUCCS, which enables real-time monitoring and controlling, the various boundary condition and in-situ field stress condition was simulated, to derive the correlation among ${{\sigma}_v}'-Dr-N$in domestic sandy soils. Soil specimens, having various relative density and confined stress, were formulated to evaluate N-value from the SPT. and Pile Driving Analyzer, PDA, was employed as a measuring device for the energy transfer efficiency in the rod. From the quantitative analysis of N-value, the correlating equation, $N_{60}/{D_r}^2=16.35+14.45{{\sigma}_v}'$ was obtained on the basis of Skempton's method(1986). More reliable soil parameters can be obtained from the N-value by using this study which considered regional characters and the correlation among ${{\sigma}_v}'-Dr-N$.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.401-416
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• 1994

We study the existence of an intermediate solution of nonlinear elliptic boundary value problems (BVP) of the form $$ (BVP) {\Delta u = f(x,u,\Delta u), in \Omega {Bu(x) = \phi(x), on \partial\Omega, $$ where $\Omega$ is a smooth bounded domain in $R^n, n \geq 1, and \partial\Omega \in C^{2,\alpha}, (0 < \alpha < 1), \Delta$ is the Laplacian operator, $\nabla u = (D_1u, D_2u, \cdots, D_nu)$ denotes the gradient of u and $$ Bu(x) = p(x)u(x) + q(x)\frac{d\nu}{du} (x), $$ where $\frac{d\nu}{du} denotes the outward normal derivative of u on $\partial\Omega$.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.29-41
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• 2023

The 3D geospatial modeling of geotechnical information can aid in understanding the geotechnical characteristic values of the continuous subsurface at construction sites. In this study, a geostatistical optimization model for the three-dimensional (3D) mapping of subsurface stratification and the SPT-N value based on a trial-and-error rule was developed and applied to a dam emergency spillway site in South Korea. Geospatial database development for a geotechnical investigation, reconstitution of the target grid volume, and detection of outliers in the borehole dataset were implemented prior to the 3D modeling. For the site-specific subsurface stratification of the engineering geo-layer, we developed an integration method for the borehole and geophysical survey datasets based on the geostatistical optimization procedure of ordinary kriging and sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) by comparing their cross-validation-based prediction residuals. We also developed an optimization technique based on SGS for estimating the 3D geometry of the SPT-N value. This method involves quantitatively testing the reliability of SGS and selecting the realizations with a high estimation accuracy. Boring tests were performed for validation, and the proposed method yielded more accurate prediction results and reproduced the spatial distribution of geotechnical information more effectively than the conventional geostatistical approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.14-26
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• 2010

This study investigates the effectiveness of fashion coordination presentation formats when people buy apparel products online. This study conducted an online survey with 595 females who shopped online at the simulated website by a single apparel plan picture (n=189), coordination plane picture (n=187), and 3-D coordination image (n=216). For data analysis, factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, MANCOVA, ANOVA, Duncan test, correlation analysis, and chi-square are used. The results of this study are: First, the hedonic shopping value was significantly the highest when respondents shopped at a 3-D coordination image shopping mall, the next highest-scored presentation type was the coordination plane picture, and the case of presenting only the single apparel picture was significantly the lowest. The utilitarian shopping value and information shopping value were higher in the coordination plane picture and the 3-D coordination image shopping mall than the single apparel picture. Second, transactions satisfaction was high when respondents shopped at a 3-D coordination image, coordination plane image, and single apparel image in decreasing order.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2014

This study was performed to evaluate the sporicidal efficacy of a fumigation disinfectant containing 20% ortho-phenylphenol against Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) spores. In this research, efficacy test of fumigant against C. perfringens spores was carried out according to French standard NF T 72-281. C. perfringens spores working culture suspension number (N value), all the spore numbers on the carriers exposed with the fumigant (n1, n2, and n3), the number of bacterial spore suspensions by pour plate method (N1), the number of bacterial spore suspensions by filter membrane method (N2) and the mean number of bacterial spore recovered on the control-carriers (T value) were obtained from the preliminary test. In addition, the reduction number of C. perfringens spores exposed with the fumigant (d value) was calculated using T value, the mean number of bacterial spore in recovery solution (n'1) and the mean number of bacterial spore on carriers plated in agar (n'2). N value was $4.3{\times}10^7spores/mL$, and n1, n2, and n3 were higher than 0.5N1, 0.5N2 and 0.5N1, respectively. Additionally, T value was $4.9{\times}10^5spores/carrier$. In the sporicidal effect of the fumigant, the d value was 4.52log reduction. According to the French standard for the fumigant, the d value for the effective sporicidal fumigant should be over than 3log reduction. The results indicated that Fumagari $OPP^{(R)}$ had an efficient sporicidal activity against spores of C. perfringens, then the fumigant can be applied to disinfect food materials and kitchen appliances contaminated with bacterial spores.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.349-353
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• 2013

This study was performed to evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of Fumagari OPP$^{(R)}$, fumigation disinfectant, containing 20% ortho-phenylphenol against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). In this research, efficacy test of fumigant against S. aureus was carried out according to French standard NF T 72-281. S. aureus working culture suspension number (N value), all of the colony numbers on the carriers exposed with the fumigant (n1, n2, and n3), the number of bacterial test suspentions by pour plate method (N1), the number of bacterial test suspentions by filter membrane method (N2) and the mean number of bacteria recovered on the control-carriers (T value) were obtained from the preliminary test. In addition, the reduction number of S. aureus exposed with the fumigant (d value) was calculated using T value, the mean number of bacteria in recovery solution (n'1) and the mean number of bacteria on carriers plated in agar (n'2). N value was $4.0{\times}10^8$ CFU/mL, and n1, n2, and n3 were higher than 0.5N1, 0.5N2 and 0.5N1, respectively. Additionally, T value was $3.4{\times}10^6$ CFU/mL. In the bactericidal effect of the fumigant, the d value was 6.43 logCFU/mL. According to the French standard for the fumigant, the d value for the effective bactericidal fumigant should be over than 5 logCFU/mL. The results indicated that Fumagari OPP$^{(R)}$ had an effective bactericidal activity against S. aureus, then the fumigant can be applied to disinfect food materials and kitchen appliances contaminated with pathogenic bacteria.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.139-143
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• 1983

${\beta}$-N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B was highly purified with the following sequence of steps; DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration chromatograpies. The specific activity of the purified ${\beta}$ -N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B was 2.2 units/mg protein with 12.9 % yield and 196.2 fold purity. The purified ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B showed single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The final preparation of ${\beta}$ -N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B was completely free friom arylsulfatase and ${\beta}$-glucuronidase. ${\beta}$ -N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B had pH optimum of 4.5 in 0.5 M sodium citrate buffer. The molecular weight of ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B was 133,000 by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The Km value of ${\beta}$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B using p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-${\beta}$-D-glucosaminide as substrate was 1.0 mM and $V_{max}$ was 0.014 ${\mu}$ mole/min. ${\beta}$-N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B was stable at $55^{circ}C$ for 70 minutes. The crude ${\beta}$ -N-acetyl-D-glucosamiinidase in 70 % ammonium sulfate retained 93 % activity after 7 months storage at -$55^{circ}C$. Bovine serum albumin, sodium chloride, and phosphate activated ${\beta}$ -N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B. N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine, ${\alpha}$-methyl-D-mannoside, and acetate inhibited ${\beta}$ -N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase B.