• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 2005

The effects of cytokinin and putrescine on adventitious shoot induction from leaf explant of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. Bor were investigated. Among cytokinin used in this experiment, BA was more effective on adventitious shoot induction and shoot elongation than kinetin. Especially, 1 mg/L BA was the best to increase adventitious shoot induction (71%) and shoot elongation (3.0 mm). In addition, 100 mM putrescine in MS medium with 1 mg/L BA was higher in adventitious shoot induction (93%) and shoot elongation (3.8 mm) than single treatment of 1 mg/L BA. Adventitious shoots induced in this experiment rooted on 1/2 MS medium and acclimated over 95% on composed soil (peatmoss:sand=1:1).

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.721-726
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• 2021

Plant cells have a totipotencial capacity, the ability of each cell to produce a new complete individual through development. By applying this, several technologies are being developed for widespread application of somatic embryogenesis by processing hormones in vitro as a method of propagation of plants. In order to use this technology, in Kalanchoe pinnata, a plant capable of asexual reproduction with more regular cell division, kinetin belonging to cytokinin and picloram among hormones belonging to auxin were added in combination and treated for 8 weeks, and then the typical performance was evaluated. As a result of our experiment, the rooting effect in leaf slices showed a 70% incidence rate at a picloram concentration of 0.1 mg/L. It has been proven that a concentration difference of 1:5-1:10 in the ratio of kinetin and picloram is effective. It is the experimental result that the effect of auxin is essential for the development of Kalanchoe roots. As for the effect of shooting, the incidence rate was 60% at the picloram concentration of 0.5 mg/L. The kinetin concentration from 0.5 and 1.0 mg/L and has a significant effect on development. It has been proven that the ratio of kinetin to picloram is effective with a concentration difference of 1:1-1:2. These results show that the combination of cytokinin and auxin is crucially important for shooting. It is thought that it can be the basis of a technology for inducing mass proliferation in vitro by inducing direct organogenesis with a combination of hormones.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.16
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• pp.31-36
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• 1998

In order to investigate the effect of cytokinins on the cotyledonary variability of somatic embryos in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance., somatic embryos were induced from the immature zygotic embryo on MS medium containing 1.0mg/l 2, 4-D, and then transferred to 2,4-D-free and cytokinin-added medium for somatic embryogenesis after 4weeks culture. Polycotyledonary embryos were formed most abundantly(84.9%) on the 0.2mg/l BA medium as compared with the 0.2mg/l 2ip(42.6%) and kinetin(32.9%) media, and it was proportional to BA concentrations(0.01~0.1mg/l). The rate of polycotyledonary embryo formation increased proportional to the period of BA treatment and also increased more at the globular stage than at the heart, torpedo-shaped and cotyledonary stages.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.133-136
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• 1999

Different kinds of cytokinins and auxins were tested for both shoot induction and rooting in a rare species, Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai. BA in WPM medium was the most effective in shoot induction, whereas zeatin seemed to be the most suitable for shoot elongation. Kinetin, at the concentration of 2.0~5.0 mg/L showed an effect in shoot induction, but the effect was inferior to BA and zeatin. Rapid shoot elongation could be achieved when the cultures were maintained on the diffuse light condition (below 500 lux) regardless of cytokinin treatments. For in vitro rooting, IBA was investigated as the best type of auxin tested when half strength GD medium was incorporated. The frequency of rooting using the plant growth regulator and medium just mentioned above was revealed as approximately 90%. In addition, the survival rate of rooted plantlets was almost 100% in an artificial soil mixture.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.168-175
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• 1986

Leaf segments of tomato (Lycopersicum escullentum Mill) were cultured on the MS medium supplemented with the concentration of 0, 0.2, 0.5, 2.0 or $5.0mg/{\ell}$ NAA, 2,4-D and/or BA. The treatments were able to induced callus, however the best combinations for the induction of callus were $2.0mg/{\ell}$ BA and 2.0 or $0.5mg/{\ell}$ NAA. Shoot formation was stimulated at the treatment of 2.0 or $5.0mg/{\ell}$ BA, and root formation was stimulated on the medium of 0.2, 0.5, 2.0 or $5.0mg/{\ell}$ NAA plus 0, 0.2 or $0.5mg/{\ell}$ BA.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.136-136
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• 2003

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.145-150
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• 1994

This study was conducted to determine the effects of 3 cytokinins (BA,2iP and kinetin) and their concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) on multiple shoot production of Citrus spp. 'Sambokam' and 'Byungkyool' by nodal culture. Nodal explants were obtained from in vitro germinated seedlings of both cultivars. 'Sambokam' produced more multiple shoots than did 'Byungkyool' by nodal culture. Among the 3 cytokinins tested in this study BA supplemented in semi-solid MS basal medium was the most effective stimulator for multiple shoot production, and an optimal concentration was determined to be 1.0 mg/L. Shoot elongation and root formation were inhibited by increasing cytokinin concentration, regardless of cytokinin types. BA at 1.0 mg/L produced the most multiple shoots and the highest number of leaves in 'Sambokam', whereas any cytokinin and concentration studied in this experiment did not affect any scored variables such as shoot and leaf numbers, etc. in 'Byungkyool'.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.217-221
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• 1995

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of genotyes (cultivars) and kinds of cytokinins and concentrations on shoot multiplication of roses (Rosa hybrida) by nodal culture. The results from this study were summarized as follows. Shoot multiplication was significantly affected by genotypes. Most shoots were produced from 'Carl Red 'rather than two other cultivars, 'Golden Emblem' and 'Tineke'. Among 3 cytokinins, BA was more significantly effective for multiplication than two other cytokinins, 2iP and kinetin. However subsequent shoot growth after multiplication was more enhanced by 2iP and kinetin rather than BA. An optimal concentration of cytokinin for shoot multiplication was 1 mg/L in this study but BA at 1-5 mg/L was considered optimal for multiplication ratio itself. Subsequent shoot growth was significantly inhibited by increases in cytokinin concentrations, regardless of kinds of cytokinin.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.278-281
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• 2006

The effect of plant growth regulators was investigated on in vitro shoot proliferation from axillary bud explants of Hypericum erectum. To determine the optimal cytokinin for proliferation of axillay buds, we carried out screening four cytokinins (BA, kinetin, 2iP, TDZ). When nodal segments were cultured on MS medium supplemented with $4.5\;{\mu}M$ TDZ (thidiazuron), a number of shoots were induced. Our results indicated that the addition of TDZ to culture medium resulted in the induction of significantly more axillary buds than in the addition of other cytokinins. The optimal concentration of TDZ for proliferation of axillary buds was $10\;{\mu}M$. 92% of shoots spontaneously rooted without any plant growth regulator (PGR) and formed whole plantlets within one month. More than 95% of these regenerants survived and they did not show any detectable variation in morphology or growth characteristics compared to their donor plants.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.56-68
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• 1989

aA series of experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of plant growth regulator treatments on the growth and lateral root formation in soybean sprouts in order to establish the effective method of producing root-less or short-rooted soybean sprouts with larger diameter in the hypocotyl. Major results can be summarized as follows. 1. Soybean sprouts showed fairly uniform elongation rate from 3 to g days after imbibition with daily increase of 3.8cm. The speed of elongation of hypocotyl was reduced whereas that of root accelerated 7 days after imbibition. Lateral roots began to emerge fairly evenly from 5 to 9 days after imbibition with a daily increase of 4.4. 2. Auxins(IAA, IBA, NAA, 2,4-D) inhibited hypocotyl elongation and formation of lateral roots and increased hypocotyl diameter without influencing root length and hook diameter at higher concentrations. The dry weight of cotyledon was increased significantly as compared to that of hypocotyl and root. Among the tested auxins, 2, 4-D was the most effective. 3. BA and 4PU-30 significantly reduced elongation of hypocotyl and root and resulted in the biggest diameter of hypocotyl when treated at higher concentrations. The lowest effective concentration of BA to prevent the formation of larval gal roots was 12.5ppm. The formation of lateral roots could be completely prevented by BA and 4PU-30 treatment but kinetin, zeatin, zeatin riboside resulted in many lateral roots and increased thickness of soybean sprouts with little influence. Cotyledon deformation was found in soybean sprouts treated by 4PU-30. 4. 2, 4-D was the most effective for increasing the hypocotyl diameter while 4PU-30 was the most effective for reducing no. of lateral roots. 5. It can be concluded that among the plant growth regulators tested, BA was effective in reducing root length and increasing hypocotyl diameter. BA 12.5 ppm or 15 ppm may thus be the more practical for production of soybean sprouts. 6. ABA showed no significant effect of growth parameter, however ABA 25 ppm inhibited only no of lateral roots with little influence on the growth of seedling. 7. Ethephon inhibited the elongation of hypocotyl and root and increased hypocotyl diameter at higher concentrations. 8. The combined effect of cytokinins and ethephon was very similar to result of BA treatment alone. As the ethephon concentration increased, hypocotyl diameter and dry weight of cotyledon tended to increase.