• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 1995

These experiments were conducted to promote the rooting in tea cutting bymeans of several root media, growth regulators, cutting material and cutting condition The results are summarized as follows. The rate of rooting was higher in the softwood than in the hardwood, and the best cutting sea­son was about August 10 in the hardwood, about April 10 in the softwood. The most suitable root medium was the Masato at which the rate of rooting was 71%, 87% each in the softwood and in the hardwood. When growth regulators, such as oxyberon, rootone were sprayed upon the hardwood, the rate of rooting was promoted to 4 - 9 % better than that of no treatment. But such a good effect was not recognized significantly in the softwood.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.504-508
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• 1983

To define the effects of synthetic auxins on rooting from the ginseng stern cutting and the root growth in diameter after the rooting of the cuttings, stern cuttings with palmate leaves obtained from seedlings and 2-year old ginseng plants were planted in rooting media treated with solutions of the synthetic auxins. All the roots induced from the cuttings were adventitious fibrous roots at first, but a few adventitious roots of the cutting were thickened in diameter to over 2 to 3mm at 120 days after cutting and the rest of them disappeared. IBA was the most effective auxin for rooting and root growth in diameter after rooting from the cuttings. The shape of the roots that thickened in diameter could be divided into two types. Both types of thickened roots were fully lignified at 120 days after cutting and those thickened roots did not dry up or die by July of the next year, however no rhyzomes or shoot primodia were induced from them.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.64-74
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• 2007

The continuous chip in turning operation deteriorates precision of workpiece and causes a hazardous condition to operator. Thus the chip form control becomes a very important task for reliable machining process. So, grooved chip breaker is widely used to obtain reliable discontinuous chip. However, developing new cutting insert having chip breaker takes long time and needs lots of research expense due to a couple of processes such as forming, sintering, grinding and coating of product and many different evaluation tests. In this paper, performance of commercial chip breaker is evaluated with neural network which is learned with a back propagation algorithm. For the evaluation, several important elements(depth of cut, land, breadth, radius) which directly influence the chip formation were chosen among commercial chip breakers and were used as input values of neural network. With the results of these input values, the performance evaluation method was developed and applied that method to the commercial tools.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2015

This paper presents a method of predicting the machining parameters on the turning process of low carbon steel using a neural network with back propagation (BP) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut are used as input variables, while surface roughness and electric current consumption are used as output variables. The data from experiments are used to train the neural network that uses BP and PSO to update the weights in the neural network. After training, the neural network model is run using test data, and the results using BP and PSO are compared with each other.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.7-15
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to present the method to choose the optimum machining condition for the wire EDM. This was completed by examining the ever-changing quality of the material and by improving the function of the wire electric discharge machine. Precision metal mold products and the unmanned wire electric discharge machining system were used and then applied in industrial fields. This experiment uses the wire electric discharge machine with brass wire electrode of 0.25mm. To measure the precision of the machining surface, average values are obtained from 3 samples of measures of center-line average roughness by using a third dimension gauge and a stylus surface roughness gauge.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.184-188
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• 1998

Four experiments were conducted to determine growth regulators, their concentrations and treatment time, rooting medium, and plant parts for optimum seedling propagation by stem cuttings in yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl.). NAA was the most effective on rooting, and followed by IBA 2,4-D, and IAA. Dipping the base of cuttings in 50 or 100 ppm solutions of IBA increased rooting ratios. The 100 ppm solution of IBA was 14% higher than the 50 ppm solution for rooting ratios. Rooting medium with equal volumes of clay loam and sand was the most suitable for rooting of cuttings. Cuttings with both terminal bud and the first node or cuttings with both the first and second nodes were higher in rooting ratios than cuttings with only terminal bud or the first or second nodes. Days to rooting was not affected by plant parts.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.222-225
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• 2004

In Japan, propagation of cyclamen is mainly from seedlings. However, seeds are expensive and germination is slow and non..uniform. Therefore, to achieve genetically uniform propagation, multiplication must be vegetative. The rooted tuberous stems without shoots as sources of explants were cultured on the media containing BA and sucrose. After 30 days cultivation, tuberous roots were produced from the root ends attached to a tuberous stem and its capability was dependent on the type of media. The highest percentage of tuberous root formation was observed in Culture on the medium of 1/3 MS containing 0.05mgL$^{-1}$ NAA, 0.5mg L$^{-1}$ BA and 5% sucrose. Growth rates of the tuberous roots were greatly influenced by the cutting positions of a root in explants. The highest growth of was observed if small amount of root end was cut at initiation of tissue culture.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.9-19
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• 1997

These studies were carried out to investigate seed propagation method and conducted using stem cuttings of Styrax japonicus for using as a woody landscape plant. The results are obtained as follows. After the H\sub2\SO\sub 4\ and GA\sub 3\ treatment to the seeds of Styrax japonicus, three months of warm treatment followed by cold stratification for four months increased seed germination rate. The rooting rate of Styrax japonicus was increased by the treatment with concentrated IBA, especially highest at 7,000ppm. Rooting percentages were highest for cuttings taken on July 15, 1995. Therefore, the most effective method for rooting of Styrax japonicus was treatment with 7,000ppm IBA on July 15 cuttings, which showed rooting rate of over 90%. Half-leaf-remained cuttings were more effective than those with two leaves on rooting of Styrax japonicus. Dipping for 10 seconds in IBA solution resulted in rooting rate of over 70%. The longer the treatment time the worse the rooting.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.483-487
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the role of attached leaflet on rooting and growth by one nodal cutting in tomato. As cutting sources 4 to 6 nodes could be obtained from one nursery seedling. Medium for cutting was a mixture with perlite plus peat moss (1 : 1, v/v), and each plug capacity was 30mL in the 72 cells-plug tray. Plant height and the number of leaves were significantly increased by attached leaflet cutting in 'Pepe' and 'Coco' cherry tomato. Dry weights of top and root were increased as much as 3 to 15 times in the cutting attached leaflet. Rooting percentage was 93.5% in one node cutting and 86% in the cutting with hypocotyl node part. At 20 to 24 days after nodal cutting, healthy nursery plant could be produced to transplant in field. The nursery plants by nodal cutting (NPNC) showed more fibrous roots and less tap roots than that of seedling. In terms of rooting pattern, NPNC rooted at the whole ground stem part, while rooting of seedling occurred at basal part of hypocotyl.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.146-150
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• 2007

For autumn cutting of Sedum sarmentosum, the influences of bedsoil and cutting date were investigated. Among six kinds of bedsoils mixed upland soil, carbonized rice and sand, the mixture with upland soil and sand (1:1 and 2:1, v/v) showed excellent root and shoot growth. The mixtures with upland soil and carbonized rice were lower rooting than the mixture with upland soil and sand. In field condition, autumn cutting was conducted with $10{\times}5cm$ space using the mixture with upland soil and sand (2:1, v/v) at intervals of 10 days from September 1 to October 10. Both root and shoot growth were significantly decreased by delayed date. In cutting from early to middle September, root and shoot growth, and number of rosette before wintering were desirable for shoot production next spring. The safety date to autumn cutting before wintering was on September 20 in field condition. If autumn cutting is late than September 20, the number of scion has increased 25-30% to secure a full rosette before wintering. The results could provide the beneficial information for cutting propagation of S. sarmentosum under field condition in autumn.