• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.616-619
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• 2009

A new standard rose cultivar "Red Charm" was bred from the cross between deep red standard cultivar "First Red" and light red standard cultivar "Cardinal" at the Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extention Services (JARES). The cross was made in 2003 and, "Red Charm" was finally selected in 2008 after investigating characteristics for three times from 2007 to 2008. "Red Charm", a red standard cultivar has good flower shape and velvet flower color. The major characteristics of this cultivar are on average $119.3stems/m^2/year$ in yield, 69.5 cm in length of cut flower, 10.3 cm in flower diameter, 36.9 in petal number, and 9.8 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar, "Red Charm" is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, "Red Velvet".

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.528-531
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• 2011

A new spray rose cultivar 'Cherry Tea' was bred from a cross between pink spray cultivar 'Pinocchio' and yellow spray cultivar 'Flair' at the National Institute of Horticultural Research Institute. The cross was made in 2003 and 'Cherry Tea' was finally selected in 2008 after evaluating characteristics for three years from 2006 to 2008. 'Cherry Tea', a light orange spray cultivar grows vigorously and has good vase life. The major characteristics of this cultivar are $137stems/m^2/year$ in yield, 68.8 cm in length of cut flower, 5.5 cm in flower diameter, 34.0 in petal number, and 12.4 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Little Marble'.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.251-254
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• 2011

A new standard white-pink flower rose cultivar 'Innocence' was bred from the cross between white standard cultivar 'Juvena' and green-white standard cultivar 'Green Success' at the Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services (JARES). The cross was made in 2001 and, 'Innocence' was finally selected in 2006 after investigating characteristics for three times from 2004 to 2006. 'Innocence' a white-pink standard cultivar has good flower shape with few prickles. The major characteristics of this cultivar were $118.7stems{\cdot}m^{-2}$ in year yield, 68.0 cm in length of cut flower, 10.9 cm in flower diameter, 34.4 in petal number, and 10.7 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar was relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Rose Yumi'.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.284-287
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• 2009

A new spray rose cultivar "Morning Star" was bred from the cross between orange spray cultivar 'Macarena' and yellow spray cultivar 'Lion Sunshine' at the National Institute of Horticultural Research Institute. The cross was made in 2002 and "Morning Star" was finally selected in 2007 after investigating characteristics for three years from 2005 to 2007. "Morning Star", a orange spray cultivar grows vigorously and has good flower shape. The major characteristics of this cultivar are 170.2 stems/$m^2$/year in yield, 57.4cm in length of cut flower, 5.5cm in flower diameter, 48.5 in petal number, and 11.4 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Sunny Lady'.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.3
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• pp.295-307
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• 2021

This study proposed a field-applicable natural regeneration method using natural seeding to afforest a secondary growth forest after felling in Larix kaempferi plantations. In 2016, an experimental site was established usingseed-tree and clear-cutting methods in Gapyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Characteristics of seed fructification and inflow in the natural regeneration site were analyzed along with an experimental site in Bonghwa, Gyeongsangbuk-do, which was established in 2014. As a result, the number of seeds per individual tree of V age class L. kaempferi was 690,340 seeds in a good year, with an estimated 13.8 million seeds per ha fruited in natural regeneration sites of L. kaempferi with 25 seed-trees per ha. Seed dispersal began in September and germination rates of seeds dispersed until November were greater than 40%. Reserved seed-tree sites showed the highest amount of seed inflow, followed by the seed-tree site and clear-cut site in descending order. The reserved seed-tree method performed better than other methods for evenly scattering seeds. Therefore, the timing of logging and seedbed generation for natural regeneration of L. kaempferi is estimated to be most effective before September when seeds are purposefully scattered using the reserved seed-tree method as an effective method for uniform seed supply.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1663-1673
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• 2021

Objective: Pork belly is considered as the most commercially important and preferable primal cut by consumers worldwide. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the effects of fat levels on the meat quality characteristics of pork bellies. Methods: Seventy-eight growing-finishing pigs collected from different commercial pig farms were slaughtered and used in the present study. After slaughter 24 h, bellies were fabricated according to the Korean Pork Cutting Specification, and immediately sampled for analysis of their fat content. Based on the fat levels, the bellies were segregated into three different groups: low fat (LF, fat ≤20%, n = 15), medium fat (MF, fat 21% to 30%, n = 30), and high fat (HF, fat ≥31%, n = 33). The bellies were then analyzed for meat quality traits, fatty acids, flavor compounds and eating quality properties. Results: The HF group had lower moisture and cooking loss levels compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The LF group presented higher proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The LF group showed higher amounts of the Maillard reaction-derived flavor compounds (e.g., 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl, and 4-methylthiazole) associated with meaty and roasty flavors whereas, the HF group showed higher amounts of oleic acid- derived compounds (e.g., nonanal and octanal) associated with the fatty and oily flavors. Interestingly, significantly higher scores for all the eating quality attributes (flavor, juiciness, tenderness, and overall acceptance) were found in the HF group compared to those in the LF or MF group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The high-fat bellies (fat ≥31%) had a better technological quality and eating quality compared to the low-fat bellies (fat ≤20%). Thus, increasing the fat content may improve the technological quality and eating quality traits of pork bellies, however, this increase may also result in more trimmed loss due to excessively deposited body fat.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.280-283
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• 2010

A new standard rose cultivar 'Noble Red' was bred by the cross between the pink standard cultivar 'Silba 87' and the red standard cultivar 'Bravo' at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science. The cross was made in 1999 and 'Noble Red' was finally selected in 2003 after investigating the characteristics such as flower Color, Fragrance, stem length, stem diameter, weight, and number of leaves for three years from 2001 to 2003. 'Noble Red', a red standard cultivar grows vigorously and has good flower shape. The major characteristics of this cultivar are $125stems/m^2/year$ in yield, 71.9 cm in length of cut flower, 6.0cm in flower diameter, 30.8 in petal number, and 9.2 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Rote Rose'.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.276-279
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• 2010

A new standard rose cultivar 'Snow Ball' was bred by the cross between the red standard cultivar 'Red Sandra' and the scarlet standard cultivar 'Baroness' at the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, in Suwon. The cross was made in 1998 and 'Snow Ball' was finally selected in 2003 after investigating the characteristics for three years from 2001 to 2003. 'Snow Ball', a white standard cultivar grows vigorously and has good flower shape. The major characteristics of this cultivar are $90.3stems/m^2/year$ in yield, 57.8 cm in length of cut flower, 6.1 cm in flower diameter, 85.7 in petal number, and 15.0 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar is relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Tineke'.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.107 no.4
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• pp.336-343
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• 2018

This study was carried out to provide the technology of silvicultural practices and management for regeneration by sprouts in the oak forests distributed on the slope. A total of 1,451 stumps were examined for the following factors relative to the occurrence and growth of the sprouts: stump height & diameter; location & quantity and root collar diameter & height of arisen sprouts. The amount of sprouts deceased or increased as the stump diameter increased. However, it tended to increase with stump height. The difference in the stump height between direction of the upwards (DUS) and downward slopes (DDS) was occurred, because oak trees were felled lower based on direction of the upward for convenience of regeneration works on the slope. The number of sprouts was higher relatively in the stumps of DDS. The rate of arisen side and root sprouts was higher in the stumps of DDS and DUS, respectively. The stump height difference was found to affect the arisen part of sprouts. As a result of comparing the sprouts growth according to the arisen part, there was no difference in the stump of DUS, but the growth of side sprouts in the stump of DDS was higher than that of the root. In order to improve the quality of oak sprouts considering the distribution characteristics of the oak forests in South Korea, it is necessary to apply the silvicultural technique, making the cutting surface parallel with the slope to reduce the stump height difference, to suppress arising side sprouts.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.574-590
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• 2021

International efforts to prevent illegally logged wood are expanding around the world. The "Legal Wood Trade Promotion System" was enacted in Korea in 2019 to strengthen the legal import and distribution of commercial wood in Korea. Since then, this system has promoted and ensured that the imported wood and wood products are legal with respect to the country of origin, wood species, and harvested area. As verification methods, DNA analysis technology and anatomical analysis using a microscope are mainly used in conjunction. Therefore, in this study, wood species of plywood were identified by analyzing the anatomical characteristics of various wood products for the first time. Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco.) and larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carriere) plywoods (7, 9 ply) were obtained from four companies that supply plywood in Korea. After cutting each company's plywood to a size of about 1 cm³, the layers from top to bottom were separated into single layers, and three sections were observed using an optical microscope. The results revealed that the plywood was composed of a mixture of softwood and hardwood wood species, pine wood species, poplar wood species, or a mixture of larch and pine wood species. Identification of wood species using microscopy is important and can enable the scientific analysis and verification of various wood products, including plywood, imported from countries where the likelihood of indiscriminate distribution of illegal wood and illegal logging is high.