• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.171-185
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• 2000

The twenty-first century may be said to be entering into a specialized qualification age to meet the needs of new technical innovations such as environmental changes, demographical changes, changes in the constitution of diseases, changes in the needs of the national health, reforms of information and knowledge, etc., which requires the provision of competitive services that can fulfill the high level needs of consumers. In consequence, it is needed to apply a practical nursing model that can serve as a guide for healthy society and to secure the sphere that can affect nursing policy-making by keeping pace with the changing environment. Furthermore, it is also urgent to expand more the activity sphere of nurse specialists with authority and autonomy, establish their legal foundation, establish a qualification accreditation system for nurse specialists, and develop educational programs. In Korea, the law relative to organ transplant past the national assembly on February 9, 2000, legally acknowledged brain death, which indicated to us the emergence of an age of organ transplant. Therefore, it necessitates to find out those of brain death from whom organ transplant is feasible in clinical practices, with their families' consent link to those terminal organ failure patients who are in need of an organ, and mediate both parties so that smooth transplant can be accomplished. A series of these complicated procedures require systematically trained specialists with high level techniques of organic management. With this in mind, this study was conducted on 69 clinical nurse specialists for organ transplant, accredited by the hospital, who are in active service in clinical practices. The resultant findings were revealed, as follows: 1. The qualifications of clinical nurse specialists for organ transplant should be accredited by Ministry of Health and Welfare or Korea Nurses Association. 2. The validity of qualifications should be for three years, and their renewal should be based on marks of a supplemental training or an education course for more than 12 hours a year. 3. The qualification of the clinical nurse specialist necessitates theoretical lectures and practices on those nurses who have had clinical experience in the pertinent field. 4. The course of training is required to be one year in the length of training and take more than 20 credits (320 hours) and 5 credits (240 hours).

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2007

Background: Cancer genetics have gained public attention dramatically. Everyday physicians and nurses use the knowledge of cancer genetics in their practices. Despite the importance of the knowledge of the health care providers on cancer genetics, there is a paucity of literature investigating the levels of knowledge about cancer genetics among health care providers. Purpose: This study aimed to describe the Korean physicians' current knowledge level about hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Method: This nation-wide survey used a 15-item questionnaire which is modified from the Breast Cancer Genetic Counseling Knowledge Questionnaire originally developed by Erblich et al.(2005). One hundred and forty-four physicians participated in this survey from October 1, 2006 to March 31, 2007. Result: Physicians' knowledge level about hereditary breast cancer was 11.94 (S.D=2.46). Physicians with short-term careers (less than one year), the position of Intern, or who were involved in breast or ovarian cancer care demonstrated the highest knowledge about HBOC. Conclusion: Genetic courses in medical education seemed to contribute to the high level of physicians' genetic knowledge. Also, nursing discipline needs to incorporate genetics or genetic counseling courses into the formal educational curriculum in order to deliver up to date cancer care services which are sensitive to ever-changing cancer genetic information.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.71-93
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• 2001

개체-관계 모델은 데이터베이스 설계와 시스템 분석을 위해서 시간 응용 분야에서 사용되고 있는 개념적 모델로서, 현실세계의 시간 문제 영역을 논리적 모델로 표현하기 위한 기반이 된다. 객체 지향 모델은 실세계의 이력 자료에 대한 개체와 관계성을 데이터베이스 시스템에 표현하는데 적합한 논리적 모델로서, 이력 자료의 병행적 지원과 시공간 자료의 조작 등을 적절하게 표현하고자 하는 응용분야에서 이용되고 있다. 현실세계 개체의 표현을 정확하게 모델링하기 위해서는 아주 적은 제약조건을 갖고 E-R 모델을 객체 지향 모델로 변환하는 방법이 필요하다. 또한 시간지원 객체 지향 모델은 시간 의미를 객체 지향 모델에 추가하여 시간에 따라 변화된 정보를 처리할 수 있는 논리적 모델이다 시간지원 객체 지향 모델의 두 부류는 시간을 결합하는 단위에 따라 속성 버전화와 객체 버전화로 나누어진다. 이 두 가지 중에서 객체 지향 모델은 이 상태와 행위의 재사용성을 증가시키고 개체들 사이의 유기적 관계를 효율적으로 표현할 수 있기 때문에 객체 지향 모델의 연구가 필요하다. 그런데 개체-관계 모델을 객체 지향 모델로 변환하기 위한 기법과 제약조건이 수반된다. 그래서 시간 개념이 포함된 개체-관계 모델을 객체 지향 모델로 변환하는 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 현실세계의 객체 버전화를 위한 이력 개체를 정확하게 표현하기 위해서 본 논문은 E-R 모델을 객체 지향 데이터베이스 모델로 변환하기 위한 기법을 제시하고 있다 즉. 현실세계의 개체와 관계를 데이터베이스에 표현하는데 적합한 시간지원 객체 지향 모델로 일반화, 집단화와 연관화에 대한 역할에 따라 변환하며, 그리고 다형성 관점에서 일반화 상속과 집단화 상속을 조합하여 기능을 확장한다. 이 변환과 확장은 데이터베이스 설계의 논리적 모델 설계 및 재사용성을 증가시키는데 기여할 것이다.ing, and e-mail. A room for HEE, in which teaming activity mainly occurs by following the sequences of learning procedures, includes other sub-rooms for the guidance of Loaming, discussion, directories for reference, question and answer, submission of homework, evaluation, and an encyclopedia. Therefore, this study implicates: 1) achievement of teaming environment using the ICT mainly made by students who solve problems closely related to daily life, 2) development of practical learning questionnaires fitted in the present state, 3) preparation for the curriculum. Finally, from this study, I suggested that further studies are needed to develop models for learning, interaction between students and teachers, and the learning materials under the Web based loaming environment.tion, and Environmental Replacement. Third, by selecting Chung na environmental park in Incheon, which is a filtration plant lot,

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.303-329
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• 2023

본 연구는 국내 문헌정보학과 대학에서 수행되는 어린이청소년 문학 교육의 현황을 알아보고 개선 방안을 제시하기 위해 문헌정보학과의 학부와 대학원에 개설된 어린이청소년 문학 관련 교과목의 현황을 파악하고, 국내 대학 문헌정보학과에서 어린이청소년 문학 관련 교과목을 강의한 경험이 있는 교수자들을 대상으로 심층 면담과 설문조사를 진행하였다. 연구 결과에 따르면, 국내 문헌정보학과 대학 학부 과정에서는 평균 1.7개의 어린이청소년 문학 관련 교과목이 개설되어 있는데, 개설 과목이 1개 이하인 학교가 전체 대학의 36%이며, 학부와 대학원 모두 개설 과목이 대체로 '독서지도론'에 편중되어 있었다. 설문 응답자 29명 중 자신이 담당하는 어린이청소년 문학 관련 교과목에서 '어린이청소년 문학'에 관한 내용을 가르친다고 응답한 이는 24명(83%) 이었다. 교수자들이 수업에서 가장 많은 시간을 할애하는 장르는 그림책이었으며, 적은 시간을 할애하는 장르는 SF, 판타지, 만화 등 다양했다. 상대적으로 소홀한 장르가 있을 수밖에 없는 가장 큰 이유는 수업 시간이 부족하다는 것이었다. 부족한 수업 시간은 어린이청소년 문학을 가르치며 느끼는 가장 큰 어려움으로 지적되기도 했다. 설문 응답자 중에는 스스로 어린이청소년 문학에 대한 이해 역량을 갖고 있으면서도 어린이청소년 문학의 전문가가 아니라고 생각하는 이들이 일부 존재했는데, 면담 대상자들은 어린이청소년 문학과 관련한 문헌정보학 전공자의 강점을 스스로 인정하지 못하는 분위기를 안타까워했다. 면담 대상자 모두와 일부 설문 응답자들은 문헌정보학과에서의 어린이청소년 문학 교육이 현장 중심이어야 한다고 주장했다. 교수자들은 토론, 스토리텔링 실습, 리뷰 작성 등 다양한 교수 방법을 활용하여 학생들이 졸업 후 실제 도서관에서 어린이청소년 서비스를 제공할 때 도움이 되는 지식을 습득할 수 있게 하기 위해 노력하고 있었다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.9-44
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• 1993

An explorative and descriptive study in order to determine the effect of family structure and other socio-demographic variables on health behavior, belief, locus, and value and utilization of public health service was carried out. Data were collected from 1,653 subjects randomly sampled in three areas, Seoul, Kyunggi province, and Cheju province. From Seoul 849 subjects were selected, 397 subjects Kyunggi, and 407 subjects from Cheju, respectively. Self-reporting questionaires were administered during the period from March to June, 1992. The major findings were as follows: 1) The subjects visited herb-doctor's at irregular intervals mainly to have tonic medicine prepared. They preferred herb-doctor's rather than with doctors at clinics and hospitals. Statistically significant difference was found among the regions studied (p<0.05). 2) The reason for visiting hospitals was primarily for treatment of diseases. They preferred hospital because they felt that the hospitals offer much highly reliable treatment services as well as medical accessibility. For the purpose of hospital utilization, statistically significant differences existed among sex, educational level, family type and region. However, no significance was found among sex, educational level, and region (p<0.05). 3) The subjects utilized general hospitals mainly for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. They preferred general hospitals because of their much better facilities and reliability. Statistical significance was found among sex, educational level, and region (p<0.05). 4) The subjects visited dentist at irregular intervals basis. They visited once half a year or three to four months. their purpose of visit was mainly for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Statistical significance differences were found among educational level, region and economic standard (p<0.05). 5) Whenever their illnesses were mild and the pharmacies was located in nearby they visited to pharmacies. They visited once a month and patient medicines. Statistically significant differences were found among sex, educational level and region (p<0.05). 6) The subjects believed that herb medicine was quite efficacious for treatment of some diseases, particularly by information handed down through time-honored tradition and experience. However, they recognized that the efficacy of folk medicine can vary with type and severity of diseases. Statistical significance was among sex, educational level, region and economic standard (p<0.05). 7) The reason why subjects believed that pray and superstition are effective for treatment of certain type of diseases, particularly in neuropathy, was the belief in God's almighty. Statistically significant differences were found among sex, educational level, regions and economic standard (p<0.05). 8) Most of subjects under same condition preferred western medicine because they believed that it is more scientific and prompts in showing therapeutic effect. Statistical significance was not found in the choice of type of public health service among, regions. But significant differences were found among sex, educational level and region (p<0.05). 9) The subjects looked for pharmacy if they thought the symptom was mild. However, they visited hospitals for chronic disease and general hospitals for emergency treatment. Statistical significances were found among educational level, region and economic standard (p<0.05). 10) Although most of students wanted to have a healthy life as for the component of health standard and value, they think that they are not healthy (p<0.05). As for the health behavior, significant difference was found in the proportion of smoking and drinking between educational level and region (p<0.05). The health locus was affected by educational level, and health behavior was influenced by region, sex and educational level. The utilization of type of public health service was influenced by family type and region, and health belief by region and educational level, and the health values by region and economic standard respectively, most of correlation showed statistical significance. Among them, the highest correlation was seen between locus of control and external/internal locus of control, which is quite obvious. The correlation between health belief and behavior was the next highest, but still low (0.343). All the other variables are low but significant except only a few of those. These findings indicate that health education should be incorporated into the curriculum so as to develop desirable health habit, and ability of self-control in accordance with their growth stages. A systematic and scientific understanding on the herb/folk medicine is needed, and greater reliability of the utilization of public health services are is still required. Health policy for equal distribution of health service throughout the country along the hierarchical health service system and complementary mutual assistance and cooperation among various health organizations are also required.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-23
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• 2011

Objective : This study grasps specific task on paramedics who plays a great role in the emergency scene, thereby eliciting definition of job called paramedics and analyzing occupation by DACUM method. Thus, the aim is to suggest working-level guidelines on the task of paramedics. Methods : It targeted paramedics who are working at hospitals, fire stations, and industries in Seoul and Gyeonggi area from Oct. 11, 2010 to Nov. 30. A total of 608 copies of questionnaire were analyzed by DACUM method. A research tool on occupational analysis consisted of 8 pieces for duty, 43 pieces for task, and 149 pieces for task elements. In order to survey performance frequency, importance, and difficulty by element, each task was developed by this research team, and each task was analyzed and finally elicited through workshop of DACUM method. Results : The occupational definition of paramedics, which was defined through this DACUM, was elicited as 'professional job of performing emergency medical care on the scene, during transferring, or within medical institution in order to maintain life and prevent wound deterioration, targeting a person who is put in emergency situation.' Task element, whose performance frequency was indicated to be the highest, was in order of checking mental status($2.76{\pm}0.497$), checking vital signs($2.70{\pm}0.578$), and airway/c-spine immobilization($2.69{\pm}.546$). Especially, defibrillation stood at $2.23{\pm}.655$ points. Task element, whose performance frequency was low, was in order of caring sexual abuse victims($1.32{\pm}0.563$), performing cricothyrotomy($1.36{\pm}0.618$), and caring cardiac arrest victims($1.40{\pm}0.636$). Importance of task was in order of airway/c-spine immobilization ($2.88{\pm}0.338$), maintenance of respiration($2.88{\pm}0.351$), caring cardiac arrest victims($2.87{\pm}0.349$), and performing CPR($2.87{\pm}0.361$). Task element, whose importance is low, was indicated to be in order of enema($2.29{\pm}0.736$), urinary catheterization($2.35{\pm}0.664$), and nasogastric intubation($2.35{\pm}0.667$). Task element, whose difficulty was shown to be the highest, was indicated to be in order of caring cardiac arrest victims during pregnancy ($2.60{\pm}0.559$), caring cardiovascular injury($2.59{\pm}0.546$), and labor management($2.53{\pm}0.533$). Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, the job performance work table(Dacom chart) of paramedics is suggested to be used, thereby being applied to development in education and curriculum of paramedics. It is necessary to evaluate usefulness of the job performance work table by estimating effect of education for paramedics based on the job performance work table of paramedics.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.144-155
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• 1997

In December 1990, Occupational Safety and Health Law was amended to reinforce employer's responsibilities on employees' health and safety. Among the amended law it was important to expand the role of an occupational health nurse to the role of an occupational health manager. An occupational health manager should take charge of coordinating periodic health examination and environmental hazard evaluation, providing primary care, monitoring employees' health status, giving the workplace walk-through, selecting safe protection equipment, providing health information, counseling and health education, independently. This position of occupational health nurse is equivalent to the role of doctors or occupational hygienists. In 1991, government made a master plan to prevent occupational disease and injury. Under the plan, Korea Industrial Nursing Association (KINA) was established in 1994 with the purpose of improving health services and upgrading career opportunities for members. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the transition of occupational health nursing education with the changes of law and policy in Korea between 1991 and 1996. In details, it was to analyze the rate of school providing occupational health nursing practice based lecture, lecture hours, lecture contents in undergraduate curriculum, program contents of graduate school, kinds of continuing education, etc. For this purpose, we conducted survey two times. In February 1991, baseline study was conducted with all nursing programs in Korea (19 BSN programs and 43 nursing departments of junior college). From April to May in 1996, the second survey was conducted with all nursing programs (38 BSN programs and 69 junior colleges). The first response rate was 66.1% and the second was 40.6%. Structured questionnaires were mailed to the deans or the community health nursing faculties. In the case of graduate school, telephone survey was conducted with 10 school of public health or environmental health area. Data from the yearbook of Industrial Safety Training Institute (ISTI), the history of Korea Industrial Health Association, and the journals of KINA were also included in the analysis. As the results, we found that there were remarkable improvement in undergraduate and graduate programs, obligatory as well as voluntary continuing education in terms of occupational health nursing expertise between 1991 and 1996. 1) The number of school providing occupational health nursing practice-based lecture was increased with the rate from 7.3% to 25.6%. The rate of school giving over 15 class-hours was increased from 33.3% to 46.6%. 2) Content areas were composed of introduction of occupational health, occupational epidemiology, industrial hygiene, occupational disease and injury, law and policy, health education, concept of occupational health nursing, role of occupational health nurse, occupational health nursing process, etc. Of content areas, occupational health nursing process was more emphasized with the increased rate from 43.9% to 88.4%. 3) In the case of graduate school, occupational health programs were increased from 4 to 10. One of them has developed occupational health nursing program as an independent course since 1991. 4) The law increased educational hours from 28 hours to 36 hours for introductory course at the time of appointment, and from 14 hours to 24 hours every 2 years for continuing education. Course contents were Occupational safety and health law, introduction of occupational health, health education methodology, planning and evaluation, periodic health exam, occupational disease care, primary care, emergency care, management, industrial environment evaluation, etc. In 1996, Korea Industrial Nursing Association has begun to provide continuing education after Industrial Safety Training Institute. 5) Various educational programs in voluntary base were developed such as monthly seminar, CE articles, annual academic symposium, etc. It was shown that changes of law and policy led rapid growth of occupational health nursing education in various levels. From this trend, it is expected that occupational health nurse expertise be continuously to be enhanced in Korea. Legal and political supports should proceed for the development of occupational health nursing in early stage.