• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.424-426
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• 2001

In the course of searching for biologically active sesquiterpenoids from Curcuma genus, two sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria (Zingiberaceae). Their structures were identified as ar-turmerone (1) and $\beta$-turmerone (2). The structure elucidation of compounds 1 and 2 was carried out by comparison of their physical and spectral data with previously reported values.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.219-225
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• 2011

We investigated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. and total polyphenol contents of Curcuma longa. Curcuma aromatica. and Curcuma zedoaria. In antimicrobial activity assays of solvent extracts, ethanol extract showed the highest activity compared with other extracts. The antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of C. longa showed higher than those of C. aromatica, and C. zedoaria. Antimicrobial substance in ethanol extract of C. longa was maintained after heating at $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and not affected by changes in pH. DPPH free radical scavenging activity of solvent extracts were high in the order of ethanol, ethylacetate, ether, water, and hexane fractions, C. longa showed greater DPPH free radical scavenging activity than those of the C. aromatica, and C. zedoaria. Total polyphenol content of C. longa and C. aromatica exhibited were similar levels, whereas C. zedoaria was slightly lower concentration.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.293-296
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• 2003

The effect of the hexane extract of Curcuma zedoaria roots and its solvent fractions were investigated on the proliferation of SiHa, SNU-1 and HepG2 cell lines. Among those fractions, final fraction H2-3-1 and H2-3-3 showed cytotoxic effect on SiHa and HepG2 cell lines. The hallmark of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation, also appeared in the final fractions H2-3-1 and H2-3-3 after 24h treatment in SiHa cell line. Furthermore, those fractions were shown to be able to induce cell death in $[^3H]$thymidine incorporation test. These two fractions, H2-3-1 and H2-3-3 were determined as (-)-$\alpha$-curcumene and $\beta$-tumerone respectively by NMR and mass spectrum. From these results, it is speculated that te hexane extract of Curcuma zedoaria is necessary for further studies as a potent inhibitor of the growth of cancer cells.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.221-225
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• 1994

Pharmacological activities of two sesquiterpenes, curzerenone(I), and curcumenol(II) isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria being used as an aromatic stomachic in Chinese medicines were evaluated in rats and mice. Curzerenone (I), at 100mg/kg, p.o. showed a potent protective effect against HCl-ethanol induced gastric lesion in rats, and curcumenol(II), at the same dose level showed a CNS depressant action characterized by a potentiation of hexobarbital(HB)-induced narcosis. Both compounds showed a moderate analgesic action but did not exhibit a hypothermic action even at 200mg/kg dose level.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.196-200
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• 1989

The methanolic extract of the Rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria exhibited a significant prolongation of hexobarbital (HB)-induced hypnosis. Through liquid chromatography of an ether soluble fraction. monitoring by bioassay, three sequiterpenes, germacrone (A), curzerenone (B) and germacrone epoxide (C) were isolated as active consituents. A single treatment (100-200 mg/kg, i.p.) of each compound showed not only a significant prolongation of HB-induced sleeping time but also a significant inhibition of aminopyrine N-demethylase activity in mice, and further exhibited a typical type I binding spectra with oxidized rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 induced by phenobarbital. All of the compounds provoked a sleep episode at a subhypnotic dose of HB, implying that they possess CNS depressant properties.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.147-149
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• 2015

Two terpenoids, including one uniquely aromatized one (1), were isolated from CH₂Cl₂-soluble fraction of MeOH extracts of Curcuma zedoaria. They were identified to be a sesquiterpene ketolactone (1) and orobanone (2), respectively on the basis of their NMR data. The structure of compound 1 was confirmed by X-ray chrystallography and the reported NMR assignments for 1 were revised in this study. Antibiotic activities for compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated using disk diffusion assay. Compound 1 showed potent antibacterial activities against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus pseudointermedius while compound 2 was active against Bacillus cereus.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1220-1225
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• 2004

The overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is known to be responsible for vasodilation and hypotension observed in septic shock and inflammation. Inhibitors of iNOS, thus, may be useful candidates for the treatment of inflammatory diseases accompanied by overproduction of NO. In the course of screening oriental anti-inflammatory herbs for the inhibitory activity of NO synthesis, a crude methanolic extract of Curcuma zedoaria exhibited significant activity. The activity-guided fractionation and repetitive chromatographic procedures with the EtOAc soluble fraction allowed us to isolate three active compounds. They were identified as 1,7-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one (1), procurcumenol (2) and epiprocurcumenol (3) by spectral data analyses. Their concentrations for the 50% inhibition of NO production $(IC_{50})$ in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages were 8, 75, 77 ${\mu}M$, respectively. Compound 1 showed the most potent inhibitory activity for NO production in LPS-activated macrophages, while the epimeric isomers, compound 2 and 3 showed weak and similar potency. Inhibition of NO synthesis by compound 1 was very weak when activated macrophages were treated with 1 after iNOS induction. In the immunoblot analysis, compound 1 suppressed the expression of iNOS in a dose-dependent manner. In summary, 1,7-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4,6-heptatrien-3-one from Curcuma zedoaria inhibited NO production in LPS-activated macrophages through suppression of iNOS expression. These results imply that the traditional use of C. zedoaria rhizome as anti-inflammatory drug may be explained at least in part, by inhibition of NO production.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.319-328
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Curcuma zedoaria R. (Zingiberaceae) has been used to treat headache, fever, and hypertension-related symptoms in Asian countries, including Korea, China, and Japan. We investigated whether dietary intake of a C. zedoaria extract (CzE) affected atherosclerosis in vivo. MATERIALS/METHODS: Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE^-/-) mice (n = 32) were fed a normal diet (ND), a high-cholesterol diet (HCD), an HCD containing CzE (100 mg/kg/day), or an HCD containing simvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. The anti-atherosclerotic effects were evaluated by observing changes in fatty streak lesions, immunohistochemical analysis, ex vivo fluorescence imaging, lipid profiles, and western blot analysis. RESULTS: The CzE-fed group showed a 41.6% reduction of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, CzE significantly reduced the levels of serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, the chemokine (C-X3-C-motif ) ligand 1, the adhesion molecules vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin; down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, high mobility group box-1, and cathepsin levels in the aortic sinuses and aortas of ApoE^-/- mice were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the inclusion of a water extract of C. zedoaria in a HCD is closely correlated with reducing the risk of vascular inflammatory diseases in an ApoE mouse model.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2004

Zingiber officinale buds from the rhizomes were used to produce in vitro shoots. These explants produced the largest number of multiple shoots, 9.8 shoots per explant, when were cultured on MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) and 2.0 mg/L indole butyric acid (IBA). This medium was also found to be suitable for in vitro propagation of other Zingiberaceae species: Alpinia conchigera, Alpinia galanga, Curcuma domestica, C. zedoaria and Kaempferia galanga. Both C. domestica and C. zedoaria produced more multiple shoots when were cultured in the liquid proliferation medium, MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L BA and 2.0 mg/L IBA. To maintain the in vitro plantlets of Zingiberaceae species, they were required to subculture every four weeks. After executing proper acclimatization protocol, in vitro plantlets of Alpinia galanga, A. conchigera, Curcuma domestica, C. zedoaria, Kaempferia galanga and Zingiber officinale could be successfully planted in the field with high percentage of survival.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2022

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) are major causes of hospital- and community-acquired infections. The treatment of biofilm-related infections caused by these bacteria is a global healthcare challenge. Therefore, the development of alternative therapeutics is required. An essential oil extracted from Curcuma zedoaria (CZ) Rosc, also known as white turmeric, has been reported to possess various antimicrobial activities. In the present study, we evaluated the antibiofilm activities of an ethanolic extract of the CZ rhizome against MRSA and MSSA. The results showed that the CZ extract with the highest sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC), 1/2 MIC (0.312 mg/ml), significantly inhibited biofilm production by up to 80-90% in both tested strains. Subsequently, we evaluated the ability of the CZ extract to prevent cell-surface attachment to a 96-well plate and extracellular DNA (eDNA) release from the biofilm. The CZ extract demonstrated an inhibitory effect on bacterial attachment and eDNA release from the biofilm biomass. The CZ extract may inhibit biofilm formation by preventing eDNA release and cell-surface attachment. Therefore, this CZ extract is a potential candidate for the development of alternative treatments for biofilm-associated MRSA and MSSA infections.