• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2010

Purpose: The aims of this study were to identify successful strategies and propose a community-based participatory global health project model for primary health care capacity development. Methods: The study used case study methodology. A The unit of analysis was an international cooperation health project entitled "Community-based Primary Health Care Improvement in San Lorenzo, Ecuador" using community-based participatory research conducted in 2007~2008. Data were collected through windshield surveys, focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and provider surveys. Results: Identified successful strategies for the international cooperation health project were reciprocal partnership between researchers and community, partners' capacity building, south-to-south cooperation, and continuous monitoring and feedback. Community participation was found to be an essential tenet to guarantee the improvement of primary health care in the underserved rural community. Evidence from the activities of community health practitioners in Korea was applicable to the development of training programs for primary health care providers in Ecuador. Conclusion: Strategies for strengthening primary health capacity may be tailored depending on socio-cultural, political, and economical situations of each country. The model, however, would be applicable to the entire process of community-based global health projects in underserved rural communities of other countries.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.138-149
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• 2018

The objective of this cross-cultural study is to assess the effects of relational support on the entrepreneurial capacity and entrepreneurial attitude of university students in Korea and China. Another focal point is to identify any meaningful difference in the role of relational support between these two countries. Three universities participated in this study from both countries. 224 Korean sample and 216 sample from China were used in hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The findings report that relational support has significant positive relationships with entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial capacity in both Korea and China. In addition, entrepreneurial capacity had a positive effect on entrepreneurial attitude. There were no significant differences in the effect of relational support on entrepreneurial activity between Korean and Chinese university students. Finally, theoretical and practical implication were discussed.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.16 s.16
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• pp.39-51
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• 2004

The standing Buddha named Taehwa 4 yew in the Jincheon were sculptured with rock cliff of the dark grey shale. Front of the Buddha statue shows $N40^{\circ}W$ strike with nearly vertical dip toward the back side. Rock blocks of the Buddha statue well developed with bedding and laminations whereas rock surface distributed into the various irregular discontinuities. Sculptured lines of the Buddha were uncertain because of degradation and exfoliations on the rock surface. The surface near the Buddha statue is highly contaminated with lichen and mosses, and accelerate physical and biological weathering owing to the roots of weed and bush along the fracture systems. For the conservational treatment, we treated with primary wet cleaning by air gun and secondary cleaning treatment using distilled water. Separated rock surface and fractured parts fasten and/or fill up the boundaries of the rock blocks using epoxy resin for conservation of rock properties. Some brittle surface was treatment with water repellent consolidant of ethyl silicates, and heterogeneous surface carried out color matching by acrylic pigments. Upper part of the Buddha statue dig out small ditch for rain water drainage, and near surface of the Buddha statue treat removal works for lichen, weeds and bush. The duration capacity of the Buddha constituting rocks are degraded by various weathering factors, therefore we suggest that this Buddha statue have need to do long term monitoring and synthetic conservation researches.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.328-335
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• 2013

This study investigated the ratios of area, according to the domains and functions, of a public library. To this end, 20 public libraries were selected as samples from the 2012 Public Library Construction Casebook and from cases of consulting on the construction and operation of public libraries. The domains of a public library were categorized into data reading, cultural education, operation, common use, and others. There was a large difference in the area ratios between public libraries that were built with the aid of consulting (Group B) and those without consulting (Group A). In functional terms, the data(bookshelf) space and reading space had similar ratios within a data reading room, while the ratio of the library information space was smaller. Within a general data reading room, the ratio of the library information space was 12%, while the ratios of the data space and seating space were 44%, respectively. Moreover, within a data reading room for children, the ratios of the library information space and children's space were adjusted to 14%, respectively, while the data space and seating space each accounted for 36%, with either 3- or 5-decker bookshelves installed. This study has identified how to calculate the area for each domain, capacity of books, and seating capacity by applying area ratios through functions in the data storage domain, along with numbers of books and seats per unit space. This study has also succeeded in calculating the required area and seats for each type of data storage room by applying the number of books that exist. However, this study has its limitation in that the regional characteristics(Metropolis, Small & medium size cities, Rural areas) were not considered because the number of samples was only 20 libraries.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.101-104
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• 2004

For artificial cultivation of Phellinus baumii, we have conducted a study on cultural characteristics and condition of fruitbody formation in sawdust cultivation. Mycelial density and incubation rate were higher in oak sawdust+rice bran (4 : 1) medium than oak sawdust 100% medium. However, primordia and fruitbody formation were higher in oak sawdust 100% medium than rice bran added medium. Bigger bottle capacity (1,100 ml) resulted in a little higher yield and more biological efficiency than 850 ml bottle.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.5 s.133
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• pp.21-28
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• 2005

For the proper conservation of wooden cultural properties, non-destructive evaluation (NDE) method, which can be used to quantitatively evaluate the internal state of wood members, are needed. In this study, an ultrasonic CT system composed of portable devices was attempted, and the capacity of this system was verified by reconstructing the CT images for two phantoms and two artificially defected specimens. Results from this study showed that the sizes of detected defects were enlarged and the shapes were distorted on the CT images. Also, the positions were shifted somewhat toward the surface of specimen, which is regarded due to the anisotropic property of wood. Compared to the filtered back-projection method, SIRT (simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique) method was determined to be more efficient as the algorithm of image reconstruction for wood. A new ultrasonic CT system is thought to be used as a NDE method for wood. However wood characteristics and wave diffraction within wood made it difficult to accurately evaluate the size, shape and position of defects. To improve the quality of CT image of wood, more research including the relationship between wood and ultrasound is needed, and wood properties should be taken into consideration on the image reconstruction algorithm.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.602-610
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• 2014

Tongyeong International Music Festival was established to commemorate the world-renowned composer Isang Yun. Despite its short history, the event is quickly grown into a global music festival. This paper considers the future direction of Tongyeong International Music Festival as seen through the musical world of Isang Yun. Although Isang Yun suffered through Korea's modern history and was deported from his own country, his works clearly use Korea, in particular the cultural heritage of Tongyeong, as his creative energy. His music is reflected in the festival in various forms, i.e., East and West, past and present, North and South and maestro and rookie, while pursuing a world of harmony. In order for Tongyeong International Music Festival to join the ranks of global festivals, an effort needs to be made to find the values from the tangible and intangible cultural resources of Tongyeong, the source of Isang Yun's musical creations, and connect these values to the music festival. I believe that, based on such cultural capacity, when Tongyeong International Music Festival becomes a unique festival that differentiates itself from music festivals in the west, it will advance into the successful music festival of a global music city.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.421-435
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to suggest environmental guidelines for the conservation of ceramics excavated from underwater. Accordingly, the conditional change of the soluble salt on surface of the excavated ceramics was examined by changing the relative humidity. Examining the relative ratio [high humidity(RH70%+RH80%)/low humidity(RH20%+ RH40%)] for 24 weeks using accumulated conductivity(${\mu}s/cm$), the result showed that the amount of ion elution increased more in high humidity than in low humidity. In particular, the ion elution increased significantly within the celadon sample. In addition, comparing the accumulated conductivity and physical characteristics of the samples in high humidity, the results indicated that the amount of the ion elution is proportioned to the increased rate of the sample's absorption capacity and porosity. Ceramics excavated from underwater has risks of the secondary physical and chemical attacks from remaining salts. Therefore, it is suggested these ceramics be stored in a storage which maintains proper temperature and low humidity conditions. Also, the collections need to be pre-classified according to the properties of the materials.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

During the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the western countries with advanced medical technology failed to contain coronavirus. This fact triggered our research question of what factors influence the clinical outcomes like infection rates and case mortality rates. This study aims to identify the determinants of COVID-19 related infection rates and case mortality rates. We considered three sets of independent variables: 1) socio-demographic characteristics; 2) cultural characteristics; 3) healthcare system characteristics. For the analysis, we created an international dataset from diverse sources like World Bank, Worldometers, Hofstede Insight, GHS index etc. The COVID-19 related statistics were retrieved from Aug. 1. Total cases are from 95 countries. We used hierarchical regression method to examine the linear relationship among variables. We found that obesity, uncertainty avoidance, hospital beds per 1,000 made a significant influence on the standardized COVID-19 infection rates. The countries with higher BMI score or higher uncertainty avoidance showed higher infection rates. The standardized COVID-19 infection rates were inversely related to hospital beds per 1,000. In the analysis on the standardized COVID-19 case mortality rates, we found that two cultural characteristics(e.g., individualism, uncertainty avoidance) showed statistically significant influence on the case mortality rates. The healthcare system characteristics did not show any statistically significant relationship with the case mortality rates. The cultural characteristics turn out to be significant factors influencing the clinical outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic. The results imply that the persuasive communication is important to trigger the public commitment to follow preventive measures. The strategy to keep the hospital surge capacity needs to be developed.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.4_spc
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• pp.730-741
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• 2024

Pig production is one of the viable enterprises of the livestock sub-sector of agriculture. It contributes significantly to the economy and animal protein supply to enhance food security in Africa and globally. This article explored the present status of pig production in Africa, the challenges, prospects and potentials. The pig population of Africa represents 4.6% of the global pig population. They are widely distributed across Africa except in Northern Africa where pig production is not popular due to religio-cultural reasons. They are mostly reared in rural parts of Africa by smallholder farmers, informing why majority of the pig population in most parts of Africa are indigenous breeds and their crosses. Pig plays important roles in the sustenance of livelihood in the rural communities and have cultural and social significance. The pig production system in Africa is predominantly traditional, but rapidly growing and transforming into the modern system. The annual pork production in Africa has grown from less than a million tonnes in year 2000 to over 2 million tonnes in 2021. Incidence of disease outbreak, especially African swine fever is one of the main constraints affecting pig production in Africa. Others are lack of skills and technical know-how, high ambient temperature, limited access to high-quality breeds, high cost of feed ingredients and veterinary inputs, unfriendly government policies, religious and cultural bias, inadequate processing facilities as well as under-developed value-chain. The projected human population of 2.5 billion in Africa by 2050, increasing urbanization and decreasing farming population are pointers to the need for increased food production. The production systems of pigs in Africa requires developmental research, improvements in housing, feed production and manufacturing, animal health, processing, capacity building and pig friendly policies for improved productivity and facilitation of export.