• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 2009

Due to characteristics of modern society including technological development, various methods engaging interaction between people and manmade environment have become one of the major issues raised in various fields of deign so called interactive design. Interactive design started as the interface between human and computer system, but now expanded to interior design field enhancing spatial experience of users. Now, many corporates are looking into interactive design to bridge the gap between company or brand identity and consumers as marketing tool. The current study investigates interactive concepts and characteristics of corporate participated public spaces and tries to define their design methods according to spatial marketing strategies. Using theoretical inquiry, cultural events and delivery of corporate identity information were defined as two major spatial strategies through cognitive or behavioral approaches. Moreover, digital, constructive, and expressive presentations were found to be most common design methods. Through this theoretical framework, 7 selected samples in Korea are analyzed in order to find detailed design characteristics. It is hoped that this study may serve in understanding current design approaches of interactive corporate public spaces and useful guideline when designing interactive public spaces not only as means of marketing strategies but even for public goods.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.70-80
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the identities and roles so that they can grasp their social roles and directions. Artists show a change in identity from the deification of modern artists with freedom and genius to artists who challenge the cognitive aspect of art and redefine the scope and concept of artists by expanding their social role. Artists dreaming of an ideal art utopia, in which art, society, politics, and daily life are coordinated, are constantly presenting the social role and direction of art through the combination and challenge of new ways of art and craft, beauty and function, creative imagination, and public service. Fashion designers act as contemporary genius artists, creators who express the appearance of the times, practitioners who advocate social values and changes, members of business in the fashion system, celebrities who are spotlighted by the public at the center of the fashion industry, or fashion influencers. Thus, fashion designers are complex or selective in their role depending on the fashion philosophy of individual designers or location given within the fashion system. They are becoming the subject of creating the culture of the times by expressing social ideology or playing a role in practicing art in life that leads social culture so as to raise the value of fashion in their development and satisfy cultural enjoyment of fashion consumers who consume art in everyday life.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.872-887
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• 2018

This study aims to identify the differences between Korean and Chinese and males and females in terms of female image preferences. The survey was conducted for 1 month targeting male and female Korean and Chinese subjects. Among the 350 completed questionnaires, 309 were used for analysis. For the analysis, 11 female images were chosen based on theoretical study, then a t-test and a paired t-test were carried out using SPSS 19.0. The results of this study are as follows: First, differences in female image preferences were observed to depend on nationality and gender. Koreans prefer urban images while Chinese prefer cute, intelligent, and sexy images. Second, males prefer innocent or sexy images, while females prefer sophisticated images. Third, Korean males prefer innocent, active, sophisticated, gentle, cute, sexy, urban, natural, intelligent, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Chinese males prefer gentle, innocent, sexy, active, sophisticated, intelligent, cute, natural, urban, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Fourth, Korean females prefer sophisticated, gentle, urban, natural, intelligent, innocent, active, sexy, cute, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Chines females prefer sophisticated, intelligent, cute, gentle, innocent, active, natural, sexy, urban, spectacular, and neutral images in order. Using these results, it will be possible to design marketing strategies for global consumers.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.96-107
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine how to visualize classic makeup through Korean visual language in old literature. It provides consumers with creativity to understand and communicate and proposes a new conceptual visualization model. The research method was carried out by drawing from old literature studies, previous reproduction records, examples, and international standard diagram text language expression. First, the visualization work expressed in visual language in old literature was an objective and efficient method of information delivery as a characteristic of information design. Second, visual language expressed in old documents could be divided into makeup materials and actions. Also, the diagrams were appropriate for visualizing materials and materials for storytelling. Third, in the visualization of Korean classic makeup in old literature, images were more appropriate than diagrams in the case of action. The researcher proposed a method of visualizing historical knowledge that went one step beyond the existing simple event timing method. Timeline, correlation diagram, image, and text were combined in various ways to find the most effective historical knowledge visualization method. The representation of Korean classic makeup goes beyond the meaning of language or text and is the cultural content of re-creation, which requires systematic globalization.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.65-88
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• 2016

Development of information and communication technology is changing commerce environment and consumer purchasing behavior has also been changed. Globalization is becoming increasingly prevalent in the world today and many factors such as culture, politics, and economics may influence the applicability of management theories. Concurrently, corporate managers are faced with the challenge of offering usable and useful applications to the local users. Besides, many scholars strongly support that the criteria for M-Commerce adoption in developing countries are different from that of developed countries, due to cultural, security, social, political, economic, and technological aspects. This research tried to investigate the differences on the adoption of mobile commerce between developed and developing countries. In this study, the motivation for studying advanced mobile phone services adoption in the South Korea and Viet Nam is presented. Second, M-Commerce adoption model is introduced as a starting point for the research model. We then integrate price, personal innovativeness, quality dimension and perceived of playfulness into our model. Next, we describe our method and report the results of our analysis. The paper concludes with a discussion of the results from both the South Korea and Viet Nam with implications.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.205-214
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• 2024

This paper delves into the application of Gestalt psychology principles in logo design. It analyzes how these principles refine design elements to bolster the efficiency and impact of visual communication. Drawing from Gestalt psychology perspectives, the theoretical foundations and application methods of logo design simplification strategies are discussed. Through the analysis of Gestalt psychology effects in various types and styles of logo designs, this study compares the applicability and differences of logo design simplification strategies under different cultural and social contexts. Furthermore, it evaluates their role and value in enhancing the innovativeness and communicative impact of logo designs. The findings suggest that strategies informed by Gestalt psychology significantly improve the organization rules within logo designs, such as the relationship between figure and ground, proximity, similarity, and continuity. Thereby they enhance perceptual clarity, cognitive load, and aesthetic satisfaction. Moreover, these strategies promote creative thinking and problem-solving abilities in logo design. The results indicate that simplified design methods not only enhance aesthetic appeal but also improve the adaptability and recognizability of logos across different media and environments. This approach aligns with the minimalist and flat design trends of today's information age, meeting the evolving needs and aesthetic preferences of consumers.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.139-151
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• 2024

In recent years, consumer clothing behaviors have undergone significant changes due to global phenomena such as climate change, pandemics, and advances in IT technology. Laundry behaviors closely connected to how consumers handle clothes and their clothing lifecycle have also experienced considerable transformations. However, research on laundry behavior has been limited despite its importance in understanding consumer clothing habits. This study employed text mining analysis of social data spanning the past decade to explore overall trends in consumer laundry behavior, aiming to understand key topics of interest and changes over time. Through LDA topic modeling analysis, nine topics were identified. They were grouped into subjects, targets, methods, and reasons related to laundry. Analyzing relative frequencies of keywords for each topic group revealed evolving consumer laundry behavior in response to societal changes. Over time, laundry behavior showed a dispersal of agents and locations, increased diversification of laundry targets, and a growing interest in various methods and reasons for doing laundry. This research sheds light on the broader context of laundry behavior, offering a more comprehensive understanding of consumer attitudes and perceptions than previous studies. It underscores the significance of laundry as a daily, socio-cultural aspect of our lives. Additionally, this study identifies changing customer values and suggests improvements and strategic branding for laundry services, providing practical implications.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.273-278
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• 2024

Consumer preferences for food are influenced by personal values and personalities. Social, economic, and cultural developments in modern society have influenced consumer lifestyles and brought about multiple changes in consumption patterns. In the beauty market, consumers are now more interested in specialized offerings, and an increasing number of people are opting for customized products in a market structure where mass production has led to mass consumption. Hair products are now manufactured as functional cosmetics designed to maintain and improve scalp health and hair growth by removing waste from the scalp and adding fragrance for cleanliness, breaking away from the concept of general cosmetics. Many studies have focused on personalized products in the cosmetics industry. This study aimed to accurately determine scalp types and further diagnose individual scalp conditions using a scalp diagnostic device. Based on the diagnoses, it recommended and provided personalized shampoos in order to understand how these shampoos improved scalp health. By objectively analyzing and comparing scalp conditions before and after using customized shampoos, the study demonstrated a significant effect on scalp health. The results of this study confirmed the perception and effectiveness of personalized shampoos.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.27-52
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• 2010

It is not new that today's business organizations are expected to exhibit ethical and moral management and to carry out social responsibility as a good corporate citizen. Since South Korea emerged as a newly industrialized country during the 1980s, Korean corporations have become active in carrying out their social responsibility as a good corporate citizen to society. In spite of the short history of corporate social responsibility, Korean companies have actively participated in corporate philanthropy. Corporations' significant donations to various social causes, no-lay-off policies, corporate volunteerism and green marketing are evidences of their commitment to corporate citizenship. Corporate social responsibility is now an essential management practice whereby corporation can strengthen its sustainable value creation processes by enhancing the trust assets underlying the relationships between the business and the stakeholders. Much of the conceptual work in the area of corporate social responsibility(CSR) has originated from researches conducted in the management field. Carroll(1979) proposed that corporations have four types of social responsibilities: economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibility. Most past research has investigated CSR and its impact on consumers' attitudes toward the corporations and corporate performances. Although there exists a large body of literature on how consumers perceive and respond to CSR, the majority of past studies were conducted in the United States. The stability and applicability of past findings need to be tested across different national/cultural settings, especially since corporate social responsibility is a reflection of implicit conformation with the expectations and criticism that society may have toward a corporation(Matten and Moon, 2004). In this study, we explored whether people in Korea perceive CSR of Korean corporations in the same four dimensions as done in the United States and what were the measurement items tapping each of these four dimensions. In order to investigate the dimensions of CSR and the measurement items for CSR perceived by Korean people, nine focus group interviews were conducted with several stakeholder groups(two with undergraduate students, two with graduate students, three with general consumers, and two with NGO groups). Scripts from the interviews revealed that the Korean stakeholders perceived four types of CSR which are the same as those proposed by Carroll(1979). However we found CSR issues unique to Korean corporations. For example for the economic responsibility, Korean people mentioned that the corporation needed to contribute to the economic development of the country by generating corporate profits. For the legal responsibility, Koreans included the "corporation need to follow the consumer protection law." For the ethical responsibility, they considered that the corporation needed to not promote false advertisement. In addition, Koreans thought that an ethical company should do transparent management. For the philanthropic responsibility, people in Korea thought that a corporation needed to return parts of its profits to the society for the betterment of society. The 28 items were developed based on the results of the nine focus group interviews, while considering the scale developed by Maignan and Ferrell(2001). Following the procedure proposed by Churchill(1979), we started by developing an item poll consisting of 28 items and purified the initial pool of items through exploratory, confirmatory factor analyses. 176 samples were sued for this analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the 28 items in order to verify the underlying four factor structure. Study 1 provided new measurement items for tapping the Korean CSR dimensions, which can be useful for the future studies exploring the effects of CSR on Korean consumers' attitudes toward the corporations and corporate performances. And we found the CSR scale(17 items) has good reliability, discriminant validity and nomological validity. Economic Responsibility: "XYZ company continuously improves the quality of our products", "XYZ company has a procedure in place to respond to customer complaint", "XYZ company contributes to the economic development of our country by generating profits", "XYZ company is eager to hire people". Legal Responsibility: "XYZ company's products meet legal standards", "XYZ company seeks to comply with all laws regulating hiring and employee benefits", "XYZ company honors contractual obligations to its suppliers", "XYZ company's managers try to comply with the law related to the business operation". Ethical Responsibility: "XYZ company has a comprehensive code of conduct", "XYZ company does not promote a false or misleading advertisement", "XYZ company seems to conduct a transparent business", "XYZ company does a fair business with its suppliers or sub-contractors". Philanthropic Responsibility: "XYZ company encourages partnerships with local businesses and schools", "XYZ company supports sports and cultural activities", "XYZ company gives adequate contributions to charities considering its business size", "XYZ company encourages employees to support our community". Study 2 was condusted for comprehensive validity. 655 samples were used for this anlysis. Collected samples were tested by factor analysis and Crnbach's Alpha coefficiednts and were found to be satisfactory in terms of validity and reliability. Furthermore, fitness of the measurement model was tested by using conformatory factor analysis. χ²=880.73(df=160), GFI=0.891, AGFI=0.854, NFI=0.908, NNFI=0.913, RMR=0.059, RMESA=0.070. We hope that CSR scale could greatly facilitate research on Corporate social resposibility, it is by no means the final answer.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2010

Due to the globalization across various industries and cultural trade among many countries, oriental concepts have been attracting world’s attentions. In fashion industry, one's traditional culture is often developed as fashion theme for designers' creation and became strong strategies to stand out among competitors. Because of the increase of preferences for oriental images, opportunities abound to introduce traditional fashion goods and expand culture based business to global fashion markets. However, global fashion brands that include Korean traditional culture are yet to be developed. In order to develop a global fashion brand with Korean taste, it is very important for native citizen to accept their own culture in domestic apparel market prior to expansion into foreign market. Loungewear is evaluated to be appropriate for adopting Korean traditional details into clothing since this wardrobe category embraces various purposes which will easily lead to natural adaptation and wide spread use. Also, this market is seeing an increased demand for multipurpose wardrobes and fashionable underwear (Park et al. 2009). Despite rapid growth in the loungewear market, specific studies of loungewear is rare; and among research on developing modernized-traditional clothing, fashion items and brands do not always include the loungewear category. Therefore, this study investigated the Korean loungewear market and studied consumer evaluation toward loungewear with Korean traditional fashion design elements. Relationship among antecedents of purchase intention for Korean traditional fashion design elements were analyzed and compared between lifestyle groups for consumer targeting purposes. Product quality, retail service quality, perceived value, and preference on loungewear with Korean traditional design elements were chosen as antecedents of purchase intention and a structural equation model was designed to examine their relationship as well as their influence on purchase intention. Product quality and retail service quality among marketing mixes were employed as factors affecting preference and perceived value of loungewear with Korean traditional fashion design elements. Also effects of preference and perceived value on purchase intention were examined through the same model. A total of 357 self-administered questionnaires were completed by female consumers via web survey system. A questionnaire was developed to measure samples' lifestyle, product and retail service quality as purchasing criteria, perceived value, preference and purchase intention of loungewear with Korean traditional fashion design elements. Also, loungewear purchasing and usage behavior were asked as well in order to examine Korean loungewear market status. Data was analyzed through descriptive analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA and structural equation model was tested via AMOS 7.0. As for the result of Korean loungewear market status investigation, loungewear was purchased by most of the consumers in our sample. Loungewear is currently recognized as clothes that are worn at home and consumers are showing comparably low involvement toward loungewear. Most of consumers in this study purchase loungewear only two to three times a year and they spend less than US$10. A total of 12 items and four factors of loungewear consumer lifestyle were found: traditional value oriented lifestyle, brand-affected lifestyle, pursuit of leisure lifestyle, and health oriented lifestyle. Drawing on lifestyle factors, loungewear consumers were classified into two groups; Well-being and Conservative. Relationships among constructs of purchasing behavior related to loungewear with Korean traditional fashion design elements were estimated. Preference and perceived value of loungewear were affected by both product quality and retail service quality. This study proved that high qualities in product and retail service develop positive preference toward loungewear. Perceived value and preference of loungewear positively influenced purchase intention. The results indicated that high preference and perceived value of loungewear with Korean traditional fashion design elements strengthen purchase intention and proved importance of developing preference and elevate perceived value in order to make sales. In a model comparison between two lifestyle groups: Well-being and Conservative lifestyle groups, results showed that product quality and retail service quality had positive influences on both preference and perceived value in case of Well-being group. However, for Conservative group, only retail service quality had a positive effect on preference and its influence to purchase intention. Since Well-being group showed more significant influence on purchase intention, loungewear brands with Korean traditional fashion design elements may want to focus on characteristics of Well-being group. However, Conservative group's relationship between preference and purchase intention of loungewear with Korean traditional fashion design elements was stronger, so that loungewear brands with Korean traditional fashion design elements should focus on creating conservative consumers' positive preference toward loungewear. The results offered information on Korean loungewear consumers' lifestyle and provided useful information for fashion brands that are planning to enter Korean loungewear market, particularly targeting female consumers similar to the sample of the present study. This study offers strategic and marketing insight for loungewear brands and also for fashion brands that are planning to create highly value-added fashion brands with Korean traditional fashion design elements. Considering different types of lifestyle groups that are associated with loungewear or traditional fashion goods, brand managers and marketers can use the results of this paper as a reference to positioning, targeting and marketing strategy buildings.