• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cultivated Area

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Cultivation characteristics and yield of Sparassis crispa according to medium pH, medium moisture content, and inoculum volume of liquid spawn (배지 pH, 배지함수율 및 종균접종량에 따른 꽃송이버섯의 재배 특성 및 수량)

  • Heo, Byong-Soo;Choi, Kyu-Hwan;Jo, Yeong-Min;Kim, Hee-Jun
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.303-310
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    • 2020
  • The cultivation of Sparassis crispa in the beginning of the 2000s in South Korea, and the cultivar 'Neowul' bred in the Chonbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Service were registered first in 2016. However, there is no manual for the cultivation of Sparassis crispa, and therefore, there remains a big difference in its harvest rate across farms. Herein, we aimed to study the primordium formation conditions of Sparassis crispa 'Neowul' according to the medium pH, medium moisture content, and inoculum volume of liquid spawn and develop a stable production technology. We found the annual yield per bottle relating to the cultivation period, harvest rate, and the weight of fruiting body to be the highest at 363.6 g in the area cultivated at pH 3.8. However, it is thought that cultivation by adjusting the pH to 3.9±1 would be necessary for stable production, considering that at pH 3.6, the yield sharply reduced to 189.5 g. Moreover, the culture period was shorter at pH 4.0 compared with that at pH3.8, and the cultivation period at pH 4.0 was the same as that at pH 3.8. No significant difference in the weight of the fruiting body at different conditions was recognized. Additionally, it is difficult to regulate the pH precisely in practical applications in the farms. It is thought that 341.8 g Sparassis crispa will be produced per bottle annually if the medium moisture content is adjusted to 65%, liquid spawn inoculum volume is equivalent to 4% of the medium volume, and the humidity in the culture room is set to below 50%.

Comparison of the Seed Productivity of Italian Ryegrass in Different Regions (다른 지역에서 이탈리안 라이그라스의 종자 생산성 비교)

  • Byeon, Ji-Eun;Lee, Hong-Ju;Hwang, Sun-Goo;Ryoo, Jong-Won
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.66 no.4
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    • pp.428-434
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    • 2021
  • To study whether the area under the cultivation of Italian ryegrass (IRG) has increased with rise in global temperatures, we investigated the effects of climatic variables on seed productivity in different parts of Gangwon-do, South Korea. Specifically, IRG was cultivated in the western (Gangneung), central (Wonju), and northern (Chuncheon) parts of Gangwon-do. The heading date of IRG in Gangneung was earlier than that in the other regions. Moreover, the values of agronomic traits, including spikelets per spike, grains per spike, and thousand-grain weight, were lower in Chuncheon. However, there were no differences spikelets per spike and grains per spike between Wonju and Gangneung. Additionally, the thousand-grain weight and seed production were higher in Gangneung. Statistical correlation analysis between climatic variables and agronomic traits revealed that the mean daily minimum temperature was positively correlated with seed formation-related traits in April and seed maturity-related traits in May. In the light of rising minimum temperatures in Gangwon-do, Gangneung, Chuncheon and Wonju are suitable areas for IRG cultivation with optimal seed productivity.

Past, Present and Future of Geospatial Scheme based on Topo-Climatic Model and Digital Climate Map (소기후모형과 전자기후도를 기반으로 한 지리공간 도식의 과거, 현재 그리고 미래)

  • Kim, Dae-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.268-279
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    • 2021
  • The geospatial schemes based on topo-climatology have been developed to produce digital climate maps at a site-specific scale. Their development processes are reviewed here to derive the needs for new schemes in the future. Agricultural and forestry villages in Korea are characterized by complexity and diversity in topography, which results in considerably large spatial variations in weather and climate over a small area. Hence, the data collected at a mesoscale through the Automated Synoptic Observing System (ASOS) operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) are of limited use. The geospatial schemes have been developed to estimate climate conditions at a local scale, e.g., 30 m, lowering the barriers to deal with the processes associated with production in agricultural and forestry industries. Rapid enhancement of computing technologies allows for near real-time production of climate information at a high-resolution even in small catchment areas and the application to future climate change scenarios. Recent establishment of the early warning service for agricultural weather disasters can provide growth progress and disaster forecasts for cultivated crops on a farm basis. The early warning system is being expanded worldwide, requiring further advancement in geospatial schemes and digital climate mapping.

Characterization and Phenolic Compound Analysis of Cheorwon Onion by Lime-sulphur Mixture Treatment (석회유황합제 처리에 따른 철원 양파의 생육특성 및 페놀화합물 분석)

  • Kim, Y.B.;Lee, H.J.;Kim, D.H.;Koo, H.J.;Chang, K.J.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.15-25
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    • 2020
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of phenolic compounds after lime-sulphur mixture treatment on Cheorwon onion. Onion is a perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It is native to Persia of Southwest Asia. It is cultivated much in the temperate regions of the world. Onion is a good name for the 'Okchong' to drop blood cholesterol and cardiovascular blood flow to increase the prevention of adult diseases. Cheorwon area is inland, but it has high continental climate due to its high altitude. After the treatment with lime-sulphur mixture, the weight, width and plant height of the onion were not affected. In the phenolic compounds, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, p-coumaric acid and kaempferol except benzoic acid and quercetin were similar to or less than the control. Therefore, it was concluded that the treatment with lime-sulphur mixture had some effect on phenolic compound contents, benzoic acid and qurercetin.

Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Dam-Reservoir Operation in Long-Term Solution to Flood and Drought in Upper Mun River Basin

  • Areeya Rittima;JidapaKraisangka;WudhichartSawangphol;YutthanaPhankamolsil;Allan Sriratana Tabucanon;YutthanaTalaluxmana;VarawootVudhivanich
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2023.05a
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    • pp.30-30
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to establish the multi-reservoir operation system model in the Upper Mun River Basin which includes 5 main dams namely, Mun Bon (MB), Lamchae (LC), Lam Takhong (LTK), Lam Phraphoeng (LPP), and Lower Lam Chiengkrai (LLCK) Dams. The knowledge and AI technology were applied aiming to develop innovative prototype for SMART dam-reservoir operation in future. Two different sorts of reservoir operation system model namely, Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Constraint Programming (CP) as well as the development of rainfall and reservoir inflow prediction models using Machine Learning (ML) technique were made to help specify the right amount of daily reservoir releases for the Royal Irrigation Department (RID). The model could also provide the essential information particularly for the Office of National Water Resource of Thailand (ONWR) to determine the short-term and long-term water resource management plan and strengthen water security against flood and drought in this region. The simulated results of base case scenario for reservoir operation in the Upper Mun from 2008 to 2021 indicated that in the same circumstances, FL and CP models could specify the new release schemes to increase the reservoir water storages at the beginning of dry season of approximately 125.25 and 142.20 MCM per year. This means that supplying the agricultural water to farmers in dry season could be well managed. In other words, water scarcity problem could substantially be moderated at some extent in case of incapability to control the expansion of cultivated area size properly. Moreover, using AI technology to determine the new reservoir release schemes plays important role in reducing the actual volume of water shortfall in the basin although the drought situation at LTK and LLCK Dams were still existed in some periods of time. Meanwhile, considering the predicted inflow and hydrologic factors downstream of 5 main dams by FL model and minimizing the flood volume by CP model could ensure that flood risk was considerably minimized as a result of new release schemes.

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A Reconsideration on the Records on Doju Cho Jeongsan and His Family in Manchuria, China (조정산 도주 일가의 만주행록에 관한 재고찰)

  • Cui, Fenglong
    • Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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    • v.26
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    • pp.215-253
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    • 2016
  • In 2007, according to the records, I made an on-the-spot survey of the place where Doju Cho Jeongsan and his family might have lived in exile in Manchuria and released a paper in which I decided that the site could be the Shuidongchun (village) of Luotongshanzhen in Liuhexian, Jilin Province. Thereafter, sponsored by the Doju Cho Jeongsan's Memorial Project from 2008 to 2013, many times, I carried out the field investigations and researches on Liuhexian, including the visits of the institutions which have the historical documents, in order to find the data related to the participation of him and his family in the anti-Japanese movement. I was, hence, able to reconfirm that the village had been the place of their exile, based on my collected data and the oral reports which the local historians and ethnic Korean elders had provided. In this study, using the historical documents and maps and the oral materials, I made an attempt to prove the historical truth thoroughly once again. First, the existing sources of Doju Cho and his family's settling in Manchuria from March 1909 to 1917, were carefully analyzed which were described in The Jin-gyeong. In doing so, the misspelling of the names and the spatio-temporal errors of the people's activities were corrected. Next, I researched on another town, Shuitungou of Liuhexian in Fengtian Province (in West Gando of Manchuria), which it is known that Doju and his family stayed in, and the Laogushan (mountain), which it is believed that Doju cultivated himself in. Finally, through the attempt, I reached the conclusion that Doju and his family had settled at Shuidongchun (once called Shuidonggou or Shuitongchun) of Luotongshanzhen (once called Datonggou) in Liuhexian, Jilin Province. In the Liuhexian-related documents and maps published in the eras of Republican China and Manchuria, the place name called Shuitungou was not found. However, I discovered a map in the era of Republican China on which Shuitongchun was recorded as Shuidonggou. In addition, considering the administration system of Republic China, tun(屯) and gou(溝) could not be used together in the place names. Accordingly, Shuitungou was more likely misspelled as Korean people in those days mispronounced Shuidonggou. Furthermore, people in China has habitually called the Dagushan(大孤山), located in the north of Gushanzizhen of Liuhexian, as the Laogushan(老孤山). This means that the Korean people who lived in the area then perhaps recorded the mountain as the Nogosan(老姑山), the mountain of the old goddess, according to Korean enunciation, because they had the custom of worshipping the mountain goddess. I tried my best to find the historical documents regarding Doju and his family's anti-Japanese activities to prove the location of exile in which they settled in northeastern China (Manchuria). However, I was not able to reach the initial goal completely due to the shortage of objective evidences, only to leave tasks to be solved. I hope that this study can give a little help to researchers who are interested in this matter.

Characterizations and Phenolic Compounds Analysis of Cheorwon Onion by Bordeaux Mixture Treatment (석회보르도액 처리에 따른 철원 양파의 특성 및 페놀화합물 분석)

  • Kim, Y.B.;Lee, H.J.;Park, C.H.;Kim, D.H.;Koo, H.J.;Chang, K.J.
    • Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.89-98
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    • 2019
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of phenolic compounds after bordeaux mixture treatment on Cheorwon onion. Onion is a perennial plant belonging to the lily family. It is native to Persia of Southwest Asia. It is cultivated much in the temperate regions of the world. Onion is a good name for the 'Okchong' to drop blood cholesterol and cardiovascular blood flow to increase the prevention of adult diseases. Cheorwon area is inland, but it has high continental climate due to its high altitude. After the treatment with bordeaux mixture, the weight, width and plant height of the onion were affected to some extent. In the phenolic compounds, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, and kaempferol except benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid and quercetin were similar to or less than the control. Therefore, it was concluded that the treatment with bordeaux mixture had some effect on onion growth and phenolic compound contents.

The Characteristics of the Rural Landscape of Daesan Plain Around the Japanese Colonial Era (일제강점기 전후 대산평야 농촌경관의 형성과 변화)

  • Jeong, Jae-Hyeon;Lee, Yoo-Jick
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.15-31
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    • 2024
  • The study primarily aims to examine the characteristics of the transition from natural landscape to modern agricultural landscape on the Daesan plain in Dong-myeon, Changwon-si, in the lower reaches of the Nakdong River. The periods covered in the transition include the late Joseon Dynasty, the early Japanese colonial period, and the late Japanese colonial period. The study concluded the following: It was found that the Daesan Plain used to function as a hydrophilic landscape before it formed into a rural landscape. This is characterized by the various water resources in the Plain, primarily by the Nakdong River, with its back marsh tributaries, the Junam Reservoir and Jucheon. To achieve its recent form, the Daesan Plain was subjected to human trial and error. Through installation of irrigation facilities such as embankments and sluices, the irregularly-shaped wetlands were transformed into large-scale farmlands while the same irrigation facilities underwent constant renovation to permanently stabilize the rural landscape. These processes of transformation were similarly a product of typical colonial expropriation. During the Japanese colonial period, Japanese capitalists initiated the construction of private farms which led to the national land development policy by the Governor-General of Korea. These landscape changes are indicative of resource capitalism depicted by the expansion of agricultural production value by the application of resource capital to undeveloped natural space for economic viability. As a result, the hierarchical structure was magnified resulting to the exacerbation of community and economic structural imbalances which presents an alternative yet related perspective to the evolution of landscapes during the Japanese colonial period. In addition, considering Daesan Plain's vulnerability to changing weather conditions, natural processes have also been a factor to its landscape transformation. Such occurrences endanger the sustainability of the area as when floods inundate cultivated lands and render them unstable, endangering residents, as well as the harvests. In conclusion, the Daesan Plain originally took the form of a hydrophilic landscape and started significantly evolving into a rural landscape since the Japanese colonial period. Human-induced land development and geophysical processes significantly impacted this transformation which also exemplifies the several ways of how undeveloped natural landscapes turn into mechanized and capitalized rural landscapes by colonial resource capitalism and development policies.

A Study on the Types and Determinants of Young Farmers: Focusing on Young Farmers in Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do (청년농업인 유형화 및 결정요인 분석: 전남 무안군 청년농업인 중심으로)

  • Hyangmi Yi;Jongha Kim
    • Land and Housing Review
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.107-124
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    • 2024
  • Based on Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do, this study explores how to mitigate the disappearance of rual areas. The study surveyed 95 young farmers in Muan-gun to assess their farming practices and the challenges they face. We further employ factor analysis and cluster analysis classify young farmers in Muan-gun, facilitating the identification of tailored policies or initiatives aimed at fostering and supporting young farmers. The results are summarized as follows. First, Muan County does not have any ordinances or original projects specifically designed to support young farmers. Second, the succession rate of farmland among young farmers in Muan County is 41.1%, which is comparable to the national rate of 43.7%. This indicates that approximately 40% of young farmers in Korea have inherited farmland, a critical foundation for agricultural activities. Third, despite accumulating farming experience, young farmers have not seen any improvement in local living conditions, and rather their difficulties have intensified. Fourth, this study conducted a factor analysis using 21 variables, resulting in the selection of seven common factors for cluster analysis. Consequently, young farmers in Muan County were categorized into three groups. The multinomial logit analysis revealed that the typology of young farmers is influenced by indicators such as cultivated area, farming experience, demand for smart farms, farm income, and farming type (rice cultivation or other). Therefore, to attract young farmers and prevent the decline of rural areas, policy efforts should focus on minimizing entry barriers to farming infrastructure, such as access to farmland, and improving local settlement conditions.

Anti-coagulation and Platelet Aggregation Inhibitory Activities of the Ethanol Extract of Aerial Bulbils of Dioscorea alata L. (열대마 영여자 추출물의 항응고 및 혈소판 응집저해 활성)

  • Su-Gyeong Jeon;So-Young Choe;Kyung-Ran Im;Jong-Pil Lee;Jun-Hong Park;Ho-Yong Sohn
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.153-159
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    • 2024
  • Dioscorea alata L, commonly known as "tropical yam" is the most widely consumed yam species among the 650 yam species belonging to the Dioscoreacea family. It is extensively cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions and is a major food source in Africa and India. Also, it is used for medicinal purposes, particularly in China and Taiwan, for its anti-inflammatory properties. In comparison to other yam varieties such as D. batatas or D. opposita, the tropical yam has gained popularity in Korea due to its higher yield per unit area. In this study, the nutritional characteristics and anti-thrombosis activity of the aerial bulbils of D. alata L. tropical yam were compared to those of D. opposita. The results showed that the aerial bulbils of tropical yam exhibited nutritional characteristics and potent anticoagulant activity compared to those of domestic yam varieties. The bulbils extract of tropical yam showed superior anticoagulant activities against thrombin, prothrombin and blood coagulation factors. Furthermore, the bulbils extract of tropical yam exhibited strong platelet aggregation inhibition at 0.25 mg/ml and showed no hemolytic activity up to a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml. These findings suggest the potential development of high-value anti-thrombosis agents utilizing the aerial bulbils of tropical yam.