• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1419-1426
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• 2003

The concentration of heavy metal were studied for the estimation of quality in herbal medicines which is Bupleuri Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Dioscoreae Rhizoma and Astragali Radix in products of north Kyungbuk area. And we compared with heavy metal concentration of herbal medicines in products of Kyungbuk and the other area of Korea. Also, we collected soils from several area in Kyungbuk, and determined heavy metal concentration of soils by ICP. We compared with herbal medicines in products of Kyungbuk and their soils. The results were as follow : Kyungbuk area appear to be more proper to cultivated land than other area. For the heavy metals contents of Kyungbuk area, in Gong Jung Ri, represented the higher level, it may be due to a near the road. Correlation coefficients of heavy metal contents in cultured herbal medicines and their soils did not give reproducible results.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2001

본 연구는 1997년 11월부터 1998년 10월까지의 기간 동안 총 11회에 걸쳐 금강 하구지역에서 조류군집의 보호 및 관리방안을 모색하고자 조류군집의 도래 및 서식현황과 서식지 환경의 특성을 조사하였다. 금강하구지역에서 물새의 서식 환경으로 수면이 차지하는 비율이 가장 높았으며, 농경지, 산림, 건물지역, 갈대밭, 갯벌지역의 순으로 나타났다. 총 104종의 조류가 관찰되었으며, 조류의 종수는 4월에 46종으로 가장 많았으며, 개체수는 2월에 51,002개체로 가장 많았다. 수면성 오리류는 하구의 갯벌지역과 하천의 하중도 및 얕은 물이 있는 지 역을 주로 이용하였으며, 갈매기류와 도요·물떼새류는 하구지역에서, 고니류와 기러기류는 상류의 하중도와 십자들 지역에 주로 분포하였다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 지역별 서식환경이 지니는 특성에 따라 연중 다양한 조류가 금강 하구지역을 서식지로 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 금강 하구지역에서 조류 군집의안정적인 유지와 보호·관리를 위해서는 갯벌, 농경지, 하중도와 하변에 분포하는 갈대밭 등 자연적인 서식환경의 다양성이 유지되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2009

This study evaluates the water quality of the river near the alpine farmland in the upper Naerin stream, which is a typical stream of the upper Bukhan River with muddy water generation, by the flow examination, it aims to estimate the characteristics of nonpoint sources flowing out from the investigated area and figure out effective methods to reduce them. According to the result of water quality examination, the average BOD of the area not affected by the cultivated land among the areas of the upper Naerin River was 0.47mg/l, and total phosphorous was 0.007mg/l; thus, it maintained the cleanliness level of Ia. The average BOD of the area with the alpine farmland was 0.52mg/l, which was similar to the one of the non-cultivated land. But total phosphorous concentration was 0.023mg/l, which was more than three times higher than the area belonging to level II due to the effect of fertilizer ingredients discharged from the cultivated land. About the loadings of the investigated area generated from each of the pollution sources, BOD was 878.5kg/day and total phosphorous was 79.7kg/day. Moreover, for the load density, BOD was $2.22kg/day.km^2$ and total phosphorous was shown as $0.20kg/day.km^2$. Regarding the rates generated from nonpoint sources like land among the loadings per pollution sources, BOD was 54%, total nitrogen was 91%, and total phosphorous was 73.4%. Therefore, it was shown that most of the nutrients were produced from the nonpoint sources. The level of BOD runoff loading in the Jaun River area, where nonpoint sources were mainly generated, was 37.1kg/day and total phosphorous was 1.33kg/day. The flow rates to the generated amount were estimated as 10.5% and 4.7% each.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2007

Rapid urbanization has transformed the spatial pattern of urban land use or cover. This paper concentrates that changed characteristics of landscape structure in the Tancheon Watershed, from 1995 to 2003 were investigated using land cover map. We used FRAGSTATS software to calculate landscape indices to characterize the landscape structure. We found that built up area has been increased rapidly during the study period, while cultivated area and forest area have been decreased rapidly in the same period. From 1995 to 2003, built up area was increased from 19.73% to 39.62% and cultivated area and forest area was decreased 17.60% to 5.97% and 58.31% to 49.41%. Number of patches, mean euclidean nearest-neighbor distance, contagion index, Shannon's diversity index increased considerably from 1995 to 2003, also suggesting the landscape in the study area became more fragmented and heterogeneous. but because of continuously fragmentation, landscape became homogeneity. The study demonstrates that landscape metrics can be a useful indicator in landscape monitoring and landscape assessment.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2009

It may be said that a farmer's crisis deepens from the number of farm households and a trend of the number of cultivated land of the farmer attracting attention for the most fundamental numerical value of the Census of Agriculture 2005. A rate of decline of number of farm households seems to have been stopped, but expansion lasts a number of farm households rate of decline. I can, so to speak, watch weakening of flatland area and luck of mountainous areas and a situation to say if I look in that according to classification agricultural area. I can nominate the effect of a direct payment system for farmers in hilly and mountainous areas enforced in 2000 for the background. It is located in case of the policy introduced preceding it while the rural community and the community including the urban area being paid attention as the last resort of a regional reproduction now. In particular, the character as the village activation subsidy has been strengthened in case of the 2nd stage institutional revise.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권11호
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• pp.1512-1517
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• 2011

재배지역에 따른 수수 품종 선정을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 내륙평야지인 경남 밀양과 산간지인 강원 원주, 해안지인 전남 신안에서 5개의 수수를 재배하여 수확된 수수를 메탄올로 추출하여 항산화성분 함량 분석 및 항산화활성을 검정하였다. 재배환경에 따른 수수 종자 메탄올 추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 강원 원주에서 재배한 메수수와 대풍수수가 19.64 및 19.32 mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 보였고 경남 밀양에서 재배한 흰찰수수가 2.63 mg/g으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 강원 원주에서 재배한 대풍수수가 7.54 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났고 경남 밀양에서 재배한 흰찰수수가 1.24 mg/g으로 가장 낮았다. 대체적으로 항산화성분의 함량은 산간지인 강원 원주에서 재배한 수수가 높은 함량을 보였고 품종에 따라서는 황금찰수수와 대풍수수, 메수수가 높은 항산화성분 함량을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 재배환경에 따른 수수 종자 상태의 메탄올 추출물의 DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거활성을 측정한 결과 대체적으로 radical 소거활성은 재배지역별로 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 품종에 따라서는 유색의 종피를 가진 황금찰수수, 대풍수수, 토종수수, 메수수가 높은 radical 소거활성을 보였다. 전체적으로 항산화성분의 함량과 항산화활성은 재배지역과 품종과 유의적인 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2018

To suggest the field maintenance plan considering the geographical characteristics of the region, we selected representative regions(plain regione and mountain region) and compared spatial distribution of cultivated land in Muan-gun and Hwasun-gun. Firstly, we examined the distribution characteristics of cultivated land according to the scope of the maintenance object with Fragstats. As a result of that, it was found that the cultivated area except rice paddy had the highest aggregation effect. And then, we developed type classification of maintenance considering geographic characteristics and cultivated crops information. As a result of classification, plain land type Muan region was mostly cultivated land suitable for integrated maintenance. On the other hand, Hwasun, a mountainous terrain, needs small-scale maintenance and road maintenance. Based on these results, it was found that more detailed planning is needed for the upland field infrastructure improvement considering the topographic characteristics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1026-1032
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• 2004

In this study, we assess the recent changes in the amount of excretion by the livestock industry, and discuss the effects of increasing the ratio of cultivated land on the reduction of surplus nitrogen from a cost-performance perspective. Nitrogen has contributed to acidification of ecosystems and nitrate concentrations in groundwater, especially in Europe. Therefore, we assessed the level of nitrogen waste from the domestic Japanese livestock industry, including cattle, swine and poultry during the period 1987-2001. This assessment assumed that 40% of the nitrogen from the domestic livestock industry was emitted as gas into the air and that 60% of the nitrogen was contained in manure used on domestic cultivated land. Nitrogen excreted from livestock, excluding gas emission, decreased by 11% from 0.504 million tons to 0.447 million tons during 1993-2001. Thus, the peak period of nitrogen excretion from livestock is already past in Japan. However, the area of cultivated land under management also decreased during 1990-2000. In addition, the area of paddy and upland fields left unplanted for a year increased during 1990-2000. Therefore, if all manure from the domestic livestock industry had been utilized on the fields as organic fertilizer, but not on arable land left uncultivated for the past year, the nitrogen per net area of cultivated land would have increased by 5%, from 125 to 131 N kg/ha, during 1990-2000. To reduce the nitrogen ratio on cultivated land through the planting of feed grain to utilize the nitrogen, a comparison of the cost performance of feed grains indicated that barley would be more suitable than wheat, rice or soybean. Had barley been planted in 100% of the land left fallow for the past year in 2000, 4% (20,000 tons) of the nitrogen from livestock waste would have been used in the harvest, and the nitrogen per land unit would have not increased but decreased from 125 to 121 N kg/ha during the same decade. Furthermore, when converted into Total Digestible Nutrients, 7% of imported feed corn could have been replaced with the harvested barley in 2000. Planting barley on this fallow land had three benefits; reducing the risk of manure overload on the land, slowing down the decrease in cultivated land, and raising the feed self-sufficiency ratio. Thus, it would be beneficial to plant feed grain such as barley in land left fallow for the past year through utilization of manure.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 1986

To obtain the information of low chlorine leaf production, the chlorine content of the soil and cured leaf in Burley tobacco growing area was investigated. The results obtained are as follows. 1. The chlorine concentration in soil at transplanting time in Kwang-ju growing area was higher than in Jeon-ju(1983), and paddy field sell showed higher concentration of chlorine than upland field in Jeon-ju(1984). The chlorine concentration in soil was different between years, locations, and cultivated land (paddy field and upland field), but the concentration, on the whole, was under the levels that might effect the leaf quality. 2. The chlorine concentration In soil was highest around todays after transplanting, and after harvesting, the concentration decreased to half of transplanting time. 3. The distribution of chlorine through the parts of tobacco plant showed remarkable difference between years, locations, cultivated land and growing stages. 4. There was significant positive correlation between chlorine concentration in top soil and chlorine content of cured leaf. 5. Chlorine content of cured leaf in Kwang-ju area(1.79%) was higher than that of Jeon-ju area(O.79%), relatively. 6. It was considered that the accumulation of salt from the sea by sea. wind did not main factor of high leaf chlorine content in seaside district.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2000

This study was conducted to increase the utility and productivity of forage crops at high altitued areas. For that purpose, 21 cultivars of corn and 2 cultivars of rye were cultivated for 3 years using a randomized block designed with 3 replications. The results obtained were as follows. 1. In the Taekwallyong area (800m above sea level) which has a short frostless period, all the seeding and harvest of corn must be finished within about 135 days between mid May, the time of the last frost, and late September, the time of the first frost 2. It was relatively safe for the early maturity cultivar(ll0days) and the medium maturity cultivar(l20days), compared to the late maturity cultivar(l30days) which might have had the possibility of an overlapping period between the time of harvest and the first frost in high altitude areas 3. The productivity of forage corn, which is the most efficient crop for capturing solar energy, varied significantly with the climate circumstances but the productivity of Taekwallyong showed similar results of 19 M/T/ha, compared with 20 M/T/ha in Suwon from the '96-'98 study 4. Rye could be cultivated in high altitude areas and when corn was raised as a second crop after rye in the same year, it was possible to increase the productivity of dry matter yield by 20% through double cropping(P < 0.05). (Key words : Cropping system, Corn, Rye, Forage production)