• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.488-494
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• 2014

Twenty-eight Brangus cattle were used to determine the effect of copper and selenium supplementation on performance, feed efficiency, composition of fatty acids in Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle, and cholesterol concentration in serum and in LD muscle and enzymes activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). The treatments were: i) Control, without copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) supplementation; ii) Se, 2 mg Se/kg of dry matter such as sodium selenite; iii) Cu, 40 mg Cu/kg of dry matter such as copper sulfate; iv) Se/Cu, 2 mg Se/kg of dry matter such as sodium selenite and 40 mg Cu/kg of dry matter such as copper sulfate. LD muscle fatty acid composition was not influenced by the treatments (p>0.05). The serum concentration of cholesterol was not influenced by the treatments (p>0.05), however, the concentration of cholesterol in LD was lower in cattle supplemented with copper and selenium (p<0.05). Oxidized glutathione and reduced glutathione increased (p<0.05) with Cu, Se and Se/Cu supplementation. The supplementation of copper (40 mg/kg DM) and selenium (2 mg/kg DM) altered the metabolism of lipids in confined Brangus cattle, through a decrease in cholesterol deposition in the LD, possibly by changing the ratio between reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione. Copper and selenium supplementation improved animal performance and feed efficiency (p<0.05) when compared to the control group, providing advantages in the production system, while also benefiting consumers by reducing cholesterol concentration in the meat.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.873-880
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• 2018

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to compare the effects of adding 130 mg/kg Cu from either copper sulfate (CS) or tribasic copper chloride (TBCC) on growth performance, mineral deposition in tissues, and the excretion in feces of pigs as well as changes in the mineral contents in tissues and feces when the supplemental Cu level was decreased from 130 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg. Methods: A total of 72 pigs ($32.6{\pm}1.2kg$) were randomly assigned to a CS diet or a TBCC diet with 6 pens per treatment. The trial lasted 102 d and included 3 phases (phase 1, 1 to 30 d; phase 2, 31 to 81 d; and phase 3, 82 to 102 d). The supplemental levels of Cu in the 2 treatments were 130 mg/kg in phase 1 and 2 and 10 mg/kg in phase 3. Results: The results showed that pigs fed the CS diet tended to have higher average daily gain than pigs fed the TBCC diet during d 1 to 81 (p<0.10). Compared with CS, TBCC increased the activities of aspartate transaminase (AST), ceruloplasmin, and superoxide dismutase in serum on d 30 (p<0.05). The TBCC decreased the Cu level in the liver on d 81 (p<0.05) and increased the Mn level in the liver on d 102 (p<0.05). The concentration of Cu in feces sharply decreased when the supplemental Cu level in diet changed from 130 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg in both diets (p<0.05). Conclusion: The result suggested that TBCC and CS had no significant difference on growth performance but TBCC had higher activities of AST and antioxidant enzymes and lower liver Cu than CS when pigs fed diets with 130 mg Cu /kg diet.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.223-233
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• 1994

It is well known that compositionally modulated Cu-Ni alloy can be produced by an electrochemical method in Ni sulfate solution containing trace amount of Cu. a mathematical model is presented to describe the current distribution and weight percent of Cu in Ni layer on the rotating disk electrode. The model includes convective-diffusion equation, the Laplace's equation and various overpotentials, and is solved numerically. The thickness of Cu layer is almost uniform whereas the thickness of Ni layer as well as the Ni/Cu weight ratio are increased approaching to the edge of the disk. These results agree well with the experimental values. The ohmic potential drop is suggested as a major cause of a nonuniformity in Ni layer. The optimum plating condition for the fabrication of susperlattice is proposed based on the results of this study.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.1043-1054
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• 2003

During the period from April to September 2002, the size distributions of ambient aerosol were measured at the coastal site at Hamduk in Jeju Island. Na$\^$+/, K$\^$+/, Mg$\^$2+/, Ca$\^$2+/and Cl$\^$-/ exhibited mostly a bimodal coarse mode size distribution, while ammonium and sulfate were mainly in the fine size range, with maximum at around 0.54$\mu\textrm{m}$. The average molar concentration ratio of ammonium to sulfate for fine particles was equal to 2.0${\pm}$0.9. Nitrate was evenly found in both the coarse and fine modes. Elements like Al, Fe, Cu, Mg, Na, Ti, Sr and Mn were dominant in coarse particles, with the maximum at around 5.25$\mu\textrm{m}$. S and Pb were mainly in the submicrometer size range. Other elements with a fine and coarse modes were V, Ni, Cu, Ba and Mo. The patterns of the size distributions of trace elements measured at the downtown in Jeju City were very similar to those at the coastal site in Hamduk. However, the amplitude of size fractional concentrations at Jeju City was narrower than that at Hamduk. While the mass median diameters for the chemical species originated from the natural origin such as marine and crust were relatively large, those for ammonium, sulfate, S and Pb were very small.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 1995

The effect of copper sulfate/thiourea on the diffusion and the dye exhaustion of two dyes, C. I. Acid Orange 7 and C. I. Food Yellow 3 in nylon 6 fiber has been studied. The results obtained from the experimetal are as follows : 1) Copper sulfate reacted with thiourea at constant temperature and then generated the colorless trasparent coordination compound, and then combinated end group of carboxyl of nylon 6 fiber. 2) The coordination compound [$Cu_{2}$($TU_{6}$)] ($(SO_{4})_2$) is conducted at pH 5-6 in solution intensity and repulsed the sulfonic acid group of dyes, and therefore the diffusion of dyes is restraint. 3) Dye uptake and diffusion coefficient were decreased in the order of untreated > copper sulfate/thiourea-treated > tannin-treated.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.213-215
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• 2006

반응용액의 pH와 반응시간에 따른 용출실험 결과를 PHREEQC를 이용하여 용출된 중금속이 어떠한 화학적 형태가 우세한지 알아보고자 하였다. 용출용액에 용해된 Zn, Cd, Cu, Mn 및 Fe의 주요 존재형태는 free ion 및 sulfate complexes($metal-SO_4$)인 것으로 계산되었다. pH 5와 pH 3의 조건에서 각 원소의 화학적 존재형태는 서로 유사하고, 반응시간이 증가할수록 free ion 상태로 존재하는 비율은 감소하고 sulfate complexes로 존재하는 비율은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. pH 1에서 용출된 용액에 존재하는 각 원소의 화학적 존재형태는 sulfate의 농도가 크게 증가됨에도 불구하고 free ion 상태로 존재하는 금속이온의 함량의 증가비율보다 sulfate complexes로 존재하는 함량의 증가비율이 더 큰 것으로 예측되었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 1957

Resume 1. The toxic effect of $CuSO_4$ on the growth of yeast began in the 0.2mM and colony formation was completely inhibited in the 3mM $CuSO_4$ media. 2. The yeast strain which was trained sucessively from lower concentration media to higher one, could grow even in 10mM $CuSO_4$ media. 3. Rlb strain produced brown pigment in copper media. 4. Resistance of Rlb strain to $CuSO_4$ did not revert in non copper media. 5. The appearance of resistant strain was regarded as the result of "Mutation and Selection". 6. The alcohol fermentation ability of Rlb strain was lower than that of parent strain. 7. Rlb strain yielded some effective substance which induced the parent strain to resist against $CuSO_4$. 8. The dehydrogenase activity of yeast was inhibited by $CuSO_4$.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.708-712
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• 2015

This study reports the effects of $H_2S$ gas concentration on the properties of $Cu_2ZnSnS_4(CZTS)$ thin films. Specifically, sulfurization process with low $H_2S$ concentrations of 0.05% and 0.1%, along with 5% $H_2S$ gas, was studied. CZTS films were directly synthesized on Mo/Si substrates by chemical bath deposition method using copper sulfate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, tin chloride dihydrate, and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate. Smooth CZTS films were grown on substrates at optimized chemical bath deposition condition. The CZTS films sulfurized at low $H_2S$ concentrations of 0.05 % and 0.1% showed very rough and porous film morphology, whereas the film sulfurized at 5% $H_2S$ yielded a very smooth and dense film morphology. The CZTS films were fully crystallized in kesterite crystal form when they were sulfurized at $500^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. The kesterite CZTS film showed a reasonably good room-temperature photoluminescence spectrum that peaked in a range of 1.4 eV to 1.5 eV, consistent with the optimal bandgap for CZTS solar cell applications.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.413-426
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• 2009

중금속으로 오염된 폐금은광산 주변 논토양에 탄소원을 주입하였을 경우 토착미생물에 의한 중금속의 거동 변화를 실험적으로 확인하고, 미생물학적 황산염환원을 촉진하기 위하여 황산염을 주입하였을 경우의 지구화학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 혐기적 조건에서 오염 토양에 유산염과 포도당 둥의 탄소원을 공급하고 토착미생물을 접종한 후 약 100일 동안 반응시켰으며 반응 시작 후 60일이 경과하였을 때 황산염 250 mg/L를 인위적으로 주입하였다. 유산염을 공급하였을 때 실험 기간 중 pH는 7~8 내외를 유지하였으나 포도당을 공급한 경우에는 초기 24일까지 평균 4.8의 pH를 보이다 이후 7.6까지 증가하였다. 이러한 pH 차이는 포도당을 공급하였을 때 Fe와 대부분의 중금속이 유산염에 비하여 높은 함량으로 용출된 원인으로 판단된다. 실험 초기에 용출된 Fe는 미생물 접종 시료에서 시간에 따라 점진적으로 감소하였다. 용존 Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu의 경우 유산염을 공급하였을 때 미생물을 주입한 시료와 주입하지 않은 비교시료 간에 뚜렷한 함량 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 포도당을 공급하였을 때 약 20일 경과 시부터 Zn, Pb, Ni의 함량이 미생물접종 시료에서 급격하게 감소하였고 Cu는 비교시료보다 높은 용출량을 나타냈다. Cr과 As는 두 탄소원을 공급하였을 때 모두 미생물접종 시료와 비교시료에서 용출이 지속되었으나, 황산염을 주입하자 미생물 시료에서 용존 Cr은 급격히 감소하였고 As는 용출이 중단되었다. 황산염 주입 후 반응 용기에서 검은색 침전물이 형성되었다. 이를 X-선회절분석한 결과 미생물을 주입하였을 때 침전된 물질은 violarite($Fe^{+2}{Ni^{+3}}_2S_4$)로 추정되며 이는 철환원 및 미생물학적 황산염환원에 의하여 침전물이 형성될 때 중금속이 공침전한 것으로 여겨진다. 이상의 결과를 통해 볼 때 논토양에서 용출되기 쉬운 중금속이 미생물학적 황산염환원에 의해 고정화되는 효과를 기대할 수 있다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 1988

주요 단백질원이 북양어분(White fish meal)인 뱀장어용 배합사료에 각종 무기물질중 Co per와 Manganese에 대한 첨가 적양을 검토하기 위한 뱀장어 사육실험을 실시하였다. Cu 첨가 사육실험 결과, 5 $\mu$g/g 첨가구가 성장 및 사료효율이 가장 좋았고, 다소 비만도가 높은 결과를 보였다. 한편 가장 높은 농도인 20 $\mu$g/g 실험구에서 Cu에 의한 약해는 나타나지 않았으며, 무첨가구는 첨가 실험구보다 간 중양이 다소 낮은 경향을 보였다. 그리고 근육 및 간에서의 Cu 함양, 골격에서의 Al 함양은 사육중 Cu 함양에 비례하여 증가하며, 간에서의 Zn 함양은 반비례하였다. Mn 첨가 사육실험 결과, 20$\mu$g/g 첨가구에서 가장 종은 성장을 나타내었으며, 40$\mu$g/g 첨가구에서 사료효율이 가장 좋았다. 근육, 간 그리고 골격의 Mn 함양 및 간의 Cu 함양은 Mn 첨가양에 비례하여 증가하였다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 북양어분을 주 단백질원으로 하는 뱀장어용 배합사료에 Cu 및 Mn의 적정 첨가양은 각각 5$\mu$g/g과 30$\mu$g/g 정도가 적합하다고 사료된다.