• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.1241-1246
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• 2010

Ternary Cu/ZnO/$Al_2O_3$ catalysts were prepared by a co-precipitation method. The precursor structures were monitored during the aging. The first precipitate structure was amorphous georgeite, which transformed into the unknown crystalline structure. The transition crystalline structure was assigned to the crystalline georgeite, which was suggested with elemental analysis, IR and XRD. The final structure of precursors was malachite. The Cu surface area of the resulting Cu/ZnO/$Al_2O_3$ was maximized to be 30.6 $m^2$/g at the aging time of 36 h. The further aging rapidly decreased Cu surface areas of Cu/ZnO/$Al_2O_3$. ZnO characteristic peaks in oxide samples almost disappeared after 24 h aging, indicating that ZnO was dispersed in around bulk CuO. TOF of the prepared catalysts of the Cu surface area ranges from 13.0 to 30.6 $m^2/g_{cat}$ was to be 2.67 ${\pm}$ 0.27 mmol/$m^2$.h in methanol synthesis at the condition of $250^{\circ}C$, 50 atm and 12,000 mL/$g_{cat}$. h irrespective of the XRD and TPR patterns of CuO and ZnO structure in CuO/ZnO/$Al_2O_3$. The pH of the precipitate solution during the aging time can be maintained at 7 by $CO_2$ bubbling into the precipitate solution. Then, the decrease of Cu surface area by a long aging time can be prevented and minimize the aging time to get the highest Cu surface area.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 1993

The cationic distributions and magnetic properties of $Cu_{x}Zn_{1-x}Fe_{2}O_{4}(0{\leq}x{\leq}1)$ have been studied by X-ray diffraction and $M\"{o}ssbauer$ spectroscopy. The crystal structures are cubic spinels in the range $0{\leq}x{\leq}0.9$. The ionic distribution of ${(Zn_{1-x}Fe_{x})}_{A}{[Zn_{x}Fe_{2-x}]}_{B}O_{4}$, where x=0.1. The distribution of $Fe^{3+}$ ions was extracted from the $M\"{o}ssbauer$ spectra below Curie temperature in the whole range $0{\leq}x{\leq}1$. The number of $Fe^{3+}$ ions in the tetrahedral sites and Curie temperature of Cu-Zn ferrite increase with increasing Cu-concentration.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.819-824
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• 1996

We have investigated the temperature dependence of CO gas sensitivity for ZnO and ZnO-CuO thick films at 200 ppm CO gas, where those films were prepared by thermal transformation. The ZnO thick film shows the maximum sensitivity of -4 at >$300^{\circ}C$ On the other hand, ZnO-CuO(more than 1mol%) thick film shows that the maximum sensitivity reduced to less than 1.5. The decrease in sensitivity of CO gas with increasing the CuO contents is due to the decrease of the oxygen absorption in thick films.

• Clean Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2015

This study investigated the effects of six metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs: CuO, NiO, TiO₂, Fe₂O₃, Co₃O₄, ZnO) on seed germination and germination index (G.I) for five types of seeds: Brassica napus L., Malva verticillata L., Brassica olercea L., Brassica campestris L., Daucus carota L. NPs of CuO, ZnO, NiO show significant toxicity impacts on seed activities [CuO (6-27 mg/L), ZnO (16-86 mg/L), NiO (48-112 mg/L)], while no significant effects were observed at > 1000 mg/L of TiO₂, Fe₂O₃, Co₃O₄. Tested five types of seed showed different sensitivities on seed germination and root activity, especially on NPs of CuO, ZnO, NiO. Malva verticillata L. seed was highly sensitive to toxic metal oxide NPs and showed following EC₅₀s : CuO 5.5 mg/L, ZnO 16.4 mg/L, NiO 53.4 mg/L. Mostly following order of toxicity was observed, CuO > ZnO > NiO > Fe₂O₃ ≈ Co₃O₄ ≈ TiO₂, where slightly different toxicity order was observed for carrot, showing CuO > NiO ≈ ZnO > Fe₂O₃ ≈ Co₃O₄ ≈ TiO₂.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.578-582
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• 2018

ZnO crystals with different morphologies are synthesized through thermal evaporation of the mixture of Zn and Cu powder in air at atmospheric pressure. ZnO crystals with wire shape are synthesized when the process is performed at $1,000^{\circ}C$, while tetrapod-shaped ZnO crystals begin to form at $1,100^{\circ}C$. The wire-shaped ZnO crystals form even at $1,000^{\circ}C$, indicating that Cu acts as a reducing agent. As the temperature increases to $1,200^{\circ}C$, a large quantity of tetrapod-shaped ZnO crystals form and their size also increases. In addition to the tetrapods, rod-shaped ZnO crystals are observed. The atomic ratio of Zn and O in the ZnO crystals is approximately 1:1 with an increasing process temperature from $1,000^{\circ}C$ to $1,200^{\circ}C$. For the ZnO crystals synthesized at $1,000^{\circ}C$, no luminescence spectrum is observed. A weak visible luminescence is detected for the ZnO crystals prepared at $1,100^{\circ}C$. Ultraviolet and visible luminescence peaks with strong intensities are observed in the luminescence spectrum of the ZnO crystals formed at $1,200^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.156-161
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• 2020

In this study, hierarchical mesoporous CuO spheres, ZnO flowers, and heterojunction CuO/ZnO nanostructures were fabricated via a facile hydrothermal method. The as-prepared materials were characterized in detail using various analytical methods such as powder X-ray diffraction, micro Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained results are consistent with each other. The H₂S-sensing characteristics of the sensors fabricated based on the CuO spheres, ZnO flowers, and CuO/ZnO heterojunction were investigated at different temperatures and gas concentrations. The sensor based on ZnO flowers showed a maximum response of ~141 at 225 ℃. The sensor based on CuO spheres exhibited a maximum response of 218 at 175 ℃, whereas the sensor based on the CuO/ZnO nano-heterostructure composite showed a maximum response of 344 at 150 ℃. The detection limit (DL) of the sensor based on the CuO/ZnO heterojunction was ~120 ppb at 150 ℃. The CuO/ZnO sensor showed the maximum response to H₂S compared with other interfering gases such as ethanol, methanol, and CO, indicating its high selectivity.

• Clean Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.189-196
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• 2003

ZnO-CuO mixed sorbents for desulfurization in hot gas cleaning process Were prepared and investigation on their characteristics was performed in this study. The rate of sulfidation increased as the amount of copper oxide in the composite sorbent was raised. TPO experiments were carried out to investigate the characteristics of the regeneration of the sorbents with severa1 different ratios of Zno to CuO. Copper sulfate was formed at temperatures above $400^{\circ}C$, while it was decomposed by pyrolysis above $700^{\circ}C$. $SO_2$ slippage due to $CuSO_4$ was observed in the sorbent regenerated at temperatures above $600^{\circ}C$. However, it was not observed when regenerated above $700^{\circ}C$. It was confirmed in the ZnO-CuO mixed sorbent system that CuO suppressed the vaporization of ZnO on the one hand and Zno minimized the $SO_2$ slippage due to CuO on the other hand.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.609-609
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• 2013

나노선은 대표적인 일차원 나노구조로 높은 부피-표면적 비율과, 조절 가능한 밴드갭 에너지, 뛰어난 광학적/전기적 특성으로 인해 다양한 잠재적 응용처를 가지며, 많이 연구되고 있다. 특히 ZnO 나노선은 대표적인 광촉매로, 높은 감광성과 높은 부피-표면적 비율 등의 특징을 가지지만, 상대적으로 넓은 밴드갭 에너지 때문에 가시광선 영역을 사용하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 CuS 나노입자/ZnO 나노선 이종구조를 간단한 두 가지의 방법으로 합성하였다. ZnO 나노선은 간단한 수열합성 방법으로 합성하였고, 그 위에 CuS 나노입자를 successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) 방법으로 증착하였다. 합성된 나노 구조는 기존의 ZnO 구조와는 달리 가시광 영역에서도 향상된 광촉매 특성을 보였으며, 이는 ZnO와 CuS사이의 interfacial charge transfer (IFCT)에서 기인한 것이다. SEM, TEM, XRD를 통해 CuS/ZnO 이종구조의 형태와 결정구조, 구성성분을 분석할 수 있었고, Acid Orange 7의 광분해 실험을 통해 향상된 광촉매 특성을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.405-405
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• 2012

에너지 갭의 크기가 큰 ZnO는 큰 여기자 결합과 높은 화학적 안정도를 가지고 있기 때문에 전자소자 및 광소자로 많이 응용되고 있다. ZnO는 광학적 및 전기적 성질의 여러 가지 장점 때문에 메모리, 나노발전기, 트랜지스터, 태양전지, 광탐지기 및 레이저와 같은 여러 분야에 많이 사용되고 있다. Zn와 쉘 구조가 비슷한 Cu 불순물은 우수한 luminescence activator이고 다양한 불순물 레벨을 만들기 때문에 전기적 및 광학적 특성을 변화하는데 좋은 도핑 물질이다. Cu가 도핑된 ZnO 나노구조를 전기화학적 증착법을 이용하여 형성하고, 형성시간의 변화에 따른 구조적 및 광학적 성질에 대한 관찰하였다. ITO 코팅된 유리 기판에 전기화학증착법을 이용하여 Cu 도핑된 ZnO를 성장하였다. Sputtering, pulsed laser vapor deposition, 화학기상증착, atomic layer epitaxy, 전자빔증발법 등으로 Cu 도핑된 ZnO 나노구조를 형성하지만 본 연구에서는 낮은 온도와 간단한 공정으로, 속도가 빠르고 가격이 낮아 경제적인 면에서 효율적인 전기 화학증착법으로 성장하였다. 반복실험을 통하여 Cu의 도핑 농도는 Zn과 Cu의 비율이 97:3이 되도록, ITO 양극과 Pt 음극의 전위차가 -0.75V로 실험조건을 고정하였고, 성장시간을 각각 5분, 10분, 20분으로 변화하였다. 주사전자현미경 사진에서 Cu 도핑된 ZnO는 성장 시간이 증가함에 따라 나노세선 형태에서 나노로드 형태로 변하였다. X-선 회절 측정결과에서 성장시간이 변화함에 따라 피크 위치의 변화를 관찰하였다. 광루미네센스 측정 결과는 Oxygen 공핍의 증가로 보이는 500~600 nm 대의 파장에서 나타난 피크의 위치가 에너지가 큰 쪽으로 증가하였다. 위 결과로부터 성장 시간에 따른 Cu 도핑된 ZnO의 구조적 및 광학적 특성변화를 관찰하였고, 이 연구 결과는 Cu 도핑된 ZnO 나노구조 기반 전자소자 및 광소자에 응용 가능성을 보여주고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.121-124
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• 1998

Generally the structure of powder electroluminescent devices (PELDs) on ITO-film was makeup of the ZnS:Cu phosphor layer and BaTiO$_3$ insulating layer. The active layer, which consists of a suitably doped ZnS powder mixed in a dielectric, is sandwiched between two electrodes; one of which are ITO film and the other is aluminum. In this paper, three kinds of powder eleotroluminescent devices (PELDs) : WK-A(ITO/BaTiO$_3$/ZnS:Cu/Silver paste). WK-B(ITO/BaTiO$_3$+ZnS:Cu/Silver paste) and WK-C(ITO/BaTiO$_3$/ZnS:Cu/BaTiO$_3$/Silver paste), fabricated by spin coating method, were investigated. To evaluate the luminescence properties of three kinds of PELDs, EL emission spectroscopy, transferred charge density and time response of EL emission intensity under square wave voltage driving were measured.