• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated the activity data and basic data of the surface of the water within the ship to be operated by lakes and rivers inland. In this study previously, there was no survey activity data of Ferry and Cruise ship in Korea. In order to ensure the basic data and development of measures to reduce efficiently by local governments, these studies should be performed. Therefore, in the present study was survey the activity data such as cruising time and engine load factor and the specifications of the vessels. As a result, by analyzing the cruising pattern according to the area and the purpose of the cruise, to calculate the emissions of greenhouse gases.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.95-96
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• 2014

In this study, the nano-particle emitted from Gasoline Direct Injection(GDI) vehicles was measured using the Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer(EEPS) on a chassis dynamometer. In addition, driving mode were divided into cold start mode(CVS-75, NEDC) and hot start mode(NIER-6, NIER-9) to evaluated the characteristics in the various operating conditions. The Particle Number(PN) concentration was analyzed for various driving patterns, i.e., acceleration, deceleration, idling, cruising and the phases of mode. In a result, Total concentration of PN for size was concentrated from 50 to 100 nm and acceleration represents the highest concentration among the driving pattern. It is believed that the increases quantity of fuel, and mixture will be richer than other patterns.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.52-54
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• 1995

When LIM is drived by the general purpose inverter, there is no food-back of speed and thrust, etc. Therefore, through analysis of LIM by the simulation, the prediction of operating characteristics and patterns of LIM is necessary. But, the open-loop control system is used widely, because it can consist of simple and cheap. In this paper, we foaled with the dynamic characteristics of LIM drived by V/f constant during acceleration, cruising speed deceleration. And, we compared the simulation value with actual measurement value.

• 오토저널
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.36-45
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• 1984

The relationship between vehicle driving pattern and fuel consumption in urban area was studied in Seoul along three representative routes using a test car equipped with all the instruments required for recording modes of traffic and measuring fuel consumption. Correlation with idle speed, fuel consumption and CO concentration of car in use was also measured. The average vehicle speed in Seoul was 31.4 km/h and the time spent in different modes was 23.0% in idle mode, 22.5% in acceleration mode, 32.4% in cruising mode and 22.3% in deceleration mode, respectively. Hence, traffic flow was suggested to be relatively smooth. Fuel consumption per unit distance, .phi. was closely related with trip time spent per unit distance, t, and correlation coefficient obtained from the test car was 0.925, and the relationship between .phi. and t was also obtained from the linear regression with the following equation. .phi.=42.87+0.38 t. Idle speed of vehicle in use was mostly adjusted low and cars which were over the permissible standard of CO concentration (4.5%) were 50% or more. As the idle speed decreased, the fuel consumption was decreased, while the CO concentration was increased. Therefore, the decrease of fuel consumption can not be expected with only a decrease in idle speed.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2011

도로교통 분야에서 제시되는 다양한 정책들과 운영전략들을 평가하기 위해 사용해 오던 지금까지의 자료와 방법으로는 실제 도로에서 주행하고 있는 많은 차량들의 연료소모량을 정확하게 측정하기에는 불가능한 것이 현실이다. 특히 차량의 연료소모량은 속도뿐만 아니라 가속도에도 밀접한 관련이 있음에도 불구하고 현재의 방법으로는 가속도를 포함한 차량의 미시적 주행패턴을 고려하지 못하고 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 교통운영전략과 차량운행비용의 연료소모량 변화에 대한 보다 정확한 효과를 평가할 수 있도록, 차량의 속도와 가속도를 고려한 차량 연료소모량 관계식을 산정하고자 한다. 차량시뮬레이션 프로그램인 AVL Cruise를 이용하여 차량의 속도 및 가속도에 따른 연료소모량 원단위를 산출하고, 이러한 결과를 이용하여 시뮬레이션이나 차량운행비용 추정에 적용할 수 있는 차량 연료소모량 관계식을 산정하였다. 마지막으로 이렇게 도출된 본 연구의 차량 연료소모량 관계식과 기존 연료소모량 관계식을 비교하였다. 분석결과, 교통운영전략의 효과 평가 시 기존 연료소모량 관계식에 비해 주행패턴에서 발생하는 가속도 변화를 고려한 본 연구의 연료소모량 관계식이 보다 현실적으로 연료소모량을 산정할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2017

도시철도 차량의 운행은 터널 공기를 오염시키는 주된 원인이므로, 마모입자를 제거하는데 집진장치가 유용한 수단이 될 수 있다. 차량의 하부에 장착될 수 있는 집진장치의 설계조건을 파악하기 위하여 3차원 초음파 풍속계와 입자측정기를 사용하여 차량 하부의 풍속과 입자농도를 조사하였다. 2015년 2월 10일 수도권 지하철 5호선에서 운행되는 차량을 대상으로 측정하였다. 측정자료는 역 사이 노선의 형상(직선, 곡선)과 차량 속도패턴(가속, 정속 및 감속)을 구분하여 분석하였다. 차량속도도 함께 분석하였다. 직선 및 곡선 구간 모두 차량 하부의 평균 풍속은 차량속도의 약 30%이었고, 미세먼지($PM_{10}$) 농도는 약 $200{\mu}g/m^3$이었다. 감속구간에서 평균 $PM_{10}$ 농도는 가속구간에 비해 더 높았다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.203-215
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• 1999

Floating debris was recorded from a training ship, Kaya, of Pukyong National University with about 12 knots speed at July 19~21, 1999 and July 24~26. The sampled area is the Yellow Sea (YS) connected from Cheju Is. of Korea to Qindao harbor of China, divided into 88 unit segments on survey routes. Debris fabrication materials were categorized with 6 items using the following; man-made or natural wood items, paper and cardboard, nylon netting and rope, styrofoams, vinyl and plastics, floating metal and glass containers. All identified items within a $120{\pm}20m$ wide band were recorded but ignored if beyond this boundary. The results of distribution of floating debris in the area are as follows: 1. The greatest quantities of marine debris discovered during the survey were $184pieces\;per\;km^2$ near Qindao harbor. The next polluted areas, Sohuksan islands, positioned in the eastern part of YS were scattered in about $40pieces/km^2$ or so. 2. Among items, woods, paper and cardboard, vinyl and plastics were found out near Qindao Coast of China. On the other hand, there were many styrofoams, nylon netting and rope near the area of Sohuksan islands in the eastern part of YS. 3. The distribution densities of western part of YS near Qindao are varied with largely range in items and quantities but those of the eastern part, near Sohuksan islands were nearly constant. 4. Styrofoams were composed of 63% among all debris in YS, next paper and cardboard 15%, and wood item, vinyl and plastics each 10%. Therefore, marine debris of YS is revealed that distribution characteristics and composition are very different in each area. These phenomena are concluded that they largely depend on the life styles in land and the utilities of the sea. And of items, styrofoams is dominated by the distribution pattern of YS. Furthermore, surveys are continuously being investigated, and from this it is hoped that a much wider coverage can be achieved, perhaps all sites of the YS and contributed to the finding sources, the stationary area and removal method of debris joined the flow patterns.