• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.155-159
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of roasted and germinated peanut flours. This study also aims to utilize it as a functional material to be applied to processed foods. The moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash carbohydrate contents of the common peanut powder used in this study were 1.27, 25.63, 42.19, 2.38, 28.20 g / 100 g, respectively. The moisture content, crude protein, crude fat and ash carbohydrate in germinated peanut powder were 1.47, 25.86, 42.86, 2.25 and 26.66 g / 100 g, respectively. 26.52, 45.02, 2.33, 24.70, g / 100 g, and the dietary fiber content of peanut, roasted peanut and germinated peanut powder was 12.27, 13.05 and 14.22 g / 100g, respectively. The antioxidants and radical scavenging ability of polyphenols and flavonoids in peanut powder treated with germination and germination compared to ordinary peanuts. Resverasterol content was high in the germinated peanut powder. Especially, germinated peanut powder can act as a natural antioxidant.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 2008

This study investigated the proximate composition in the muscle and viscera of five commercially valuable Korean Veneridae, Protothaca jedoensis, Ruditapes philippinarum, Saxidomus purprratus, Cyclina sinensis and Meretrix lusoria. The proximate analysis revealed that the moisture, crude protein and carbohydrate of muscle in higher than viscera. As results, except for the crude lipid and carbohydrate there was little significant differences among the moisture, protein and crude ash. The crude lipid contents was highest in the viscera of Meretrix lusoria, while lowest in the muscle of Ruditapes philippinarum. The carbohydrate content of viscera in the Meretrix lusoria, Ruditapes philippinarum and Protothaca jedoensis were $3.61{\pm}0.45%$, $3.45{\pm}1.4%$ and $3.39{\pm}0.07%$, respectively.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.100-111
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• 2016

Tomato sauce were prepared with five different thickening agents including roux (TR), non-glutinous rice powder (TN), glutinous rice powder (TG), potato starch (TP) and tapioca starch (TT) to examine proximate composition (moisture, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude ash), calorie, color value, pH, salinity, $^{\circ}Brix$, reducing sugar, viscosity and sensory test (attribute difference, acceptance). The results were as follows: Moisture, carbohydrate content were the lowest while crude fat and calorie were the highest in TR (roux). On the other hand, moisture, carbohydrate content were the highest while crude protein, crude fat and calorie were the lowest in TP (potato starch) and TT (tapioca starch). Using potato starch and tapioca starch are supposed to be prepared low-fat, low-calorie tomato sauce. L value was the highest in TN (non-glutinous rice powder), a value was the highest in TP (potato starch), b values was the highest in TR (roux). pH of tomato sauce showed a range of 5.24 to 5.39. TG (glutinous rice powder) was the highest and TT (tapioca starch) was the lowest in pH. TP (potato starch) was the highest salinity, reducing sugar was the lowest. TG (glutinous rice powder) was the lowest salinity, $^{\circ}Brix$ was the highest. And TR (roux) was the lowest $^{\circ}Brix$, reducing sugar was the highest. In viscosity, TG (glutinous rice powder) was the highest and TT (tapioca starch) was the lowest. The attribute difference test results was the highest in gloss, color intensity, tomato odor, tomato taste, pure taste in TT (tapioca starch) and savory taste, oily taste, thickness, residue was the highest in TR (roux). The preference test results reveal that the appearance, flavor, taste, texture and overall acceptance level was the highest in TP (potato starch) and TT (tapioca starch). The results of this study, tomato sauce prepared potato starch and tapioca starch instead of the traditional roux was higher in sensory acceptability. Recently, people is avoided high-fat and high-calorie foods, and potato starch and tapioca starch are confirmed that the tomato sauce can be made of a low-fat and low-calorie.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2005

Proximate analysis, mineral and fatty acid composition of three conventional domestic soybean cultivars and two imported ones including glyphosate-tolerant HS2906 were evaluated by AOAC method, ICP-AES and gas chromatography. There were several differences in the proximate analysis among three conventional domestic soybean cultivars ; higher crude fat in the cultivar Hwanggumkong, higher crude protein in Pungsankong, and higher carbohydrate and crude ash in Duyukong. The ranges of contents of proximate components of domestic cultivars were similar to the data previously reported. There were no significant differences in proximate analysis between conventional soybean WS82 and glyphosate-tolerant HS2906 ; 23.55-23.90% of crude fat, 34.22-35.55% of crude protein, 6.25-6.45% of crude ash, and 25.35-26.47% of carbohydrate. The mineral and fatty acid compositions of HS2906 were similar to those of conventional soybeans previously reported.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to develop the classification method of various organic wastes. Specifically, the effects of proximate composition on the biogas production and degradation rates of agricultural by-production was investigated and a new standards for mixture of various organic wastes based on proximate composition combination was developed. Agricultural by-products (ABPs) with medium total carbohydrate, medium crude protein and low fat contents demonstrated the single step digestion process. ABPs with low total carbohydrate, high crude protein and high fat contents demonstrated the two step digestion process of Diauxic growth. The single ABP (Class No. 15) and the mixed ABPs (Class No. 12+18, 6+12+22, 9+12+18) after 10days showed the similar biogas yield pattern. We can use the classification method for the more ABPs and organic wastes from factory and municipal waste treatment plant for the high efficient biogas production.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.245-255
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• 2024

The proximate composition, quality characteristics, antioxidant activity, and sensory evaluation scores of yakgwa added with mealworm powder (MP) were examined. MP contained 5.83 wt% moisture, 55.70 wt% crude protein, 35.96 wt% crude fat, 3.70 wt% crude ash, and 2.43 wt% carbohydrate and feature total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of 406.52 mg GAE/100 g and 21.18 mg NE/100 g, respectively. The DPPH and ABTS^•+ radical scavenging activities and the reducing power of MP were determined as 90.25%, 44.06%, and 1.74, respectively. Except for moisture and carbohydrate content, the proximate composition of mealworm yakgwa (MY) increased with the amount of MP increased. The pH of the dough increased with the addition of MP, whereas the expansion degree tended to decrease. Sugar content was highest at MP contents of 0 wt% and 12 wt% (FM4 group), and hardness was lowest in the FM4 group. With the increasing MP content, the L, b values and antioxidant activity increased, whereas a value decreased. The sensory evaluation scores for the overall preference, appearance, color, and taste were lowest in the FM4 group. These results suggested that MP contents of 6-9 wt% were optimal for mealworm-based yakgwa.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.330-333
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of long-term fertilization on the yield and quality of soybean. The yield of soybean was highest in the NPK+lime $1.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ treatment. Carbohydrate content of soybean was high in the non-fertilizer treatment and crude protein content was high in the NPK+lime $1.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ and NPK+silicate $1.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ treatment, and crude lipid and ash content was high in the NPK+silicate $1.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ treatment. The content of inorganic compounds were not different among treatments. Correlation between $P_2O_5$/T-N and carbohydrate, crude lipid was $-0.99^{**}$, $-0.94^{**}$ respectively. Correlation between Mn and carbohydrate was $0.95^*$, but others were not significantly different. Yield of soybean increased with lime application and protein content increased with silicate application.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 1995

This study was carried out to obtain fundamental data on the metabolism of hibernant fish loach, Misgurnus mizolepis. Main focus was on the compositon of muscle components and its changes in fresh - water loach before and after spawning season and before and after hibernation. Distributional changes of carbohydrate, protein and lipid in the muscle tissues were also investigated. Change patterns of miosture and crude protein, and moisture and crude lipid were in inversely proportional, i.e. : moisture amount showed the lowest value after spawnig season, the highest just after hibernation, but crude protein and crude lipid were the highest values after spawning season, and the lowest just after hibernation. Carbohydrate showed the highest value just before hibernation and tended to decrease thereafter. Muco layer of epidermis and muscle cell of hypodermis layer in loach were remarkable in its PAS dyeing degree after sapwning season, and it was presumed to include high percentage of protein or carbohydrate. Dermis layer became thinner before spawning hibernation. Lipid component in female tended to distribute relatively widely in the muscle cell layer before spawning season, but in case of male mainly in muco layer and epidermis layer. It appeared that lipid was spreaded mainly in epidermis and hypodermis tissue after spawning season, while it prevailed in almost all tissues but tended to decrease after hibernation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.364-368
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to characterize organic mater decomposition with application of livestock manure compost in upland soil. Six different composts, which were chicken (CHM), pig (PIM), and cow (COM) manure compost added and chicken (CHMS), pig (PIMS), cow (COMS) manure compost with sawdust added, were prepared for this study. These composts have different composition of crude carbohydrate (hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin). The buried-bag method was used to determine the rate of organic mater decomposition and the changes of crude carbohydrate content during 36 months in the field. In all treatment, hemicellulose content was sharply decreased within 8 months, but considerable amount of lignin was remained after 36 months. After 40 months, the rates of carbon decreasing were 81, 80, 72, 69, 67, and 64 % for CHM, PIM, COM, CHMS, PIMS, and COMS, respectively. The estimated equation of carbon decreasing rate (D), $D=aT^b$, was fit to the carbon decreasing rate vs. elapsed time (T) using a non-linear regression procedure. After 40 months, significant difference of carbon decreasing rate between observed and estimated was not found. The relationship between constant a, b and hemicellulose content in the compost was not observed in this experiment. The cellulose and lignin content in the compost were positively correlated to the constant b and negatively correlated to the constant a.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2015

The effects of high carbohydrate diet on growth, serum physiological response, and hepatic heat shock protein 70 expression in Wuchang bream were determined at $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. At each temperature, the fish fed the control diet (31% CHO) had significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activities, lower feed conversion ratio and hepatosomatic index (HSI), whole crude lipid, serum glucose, hepatic glucokinase (GK) activity than those fed the high-carbohydrate diet (47% CHO) (p<0.05). The fish reared at $25^{\circ}C$ had significantly higher whole body crude protein and ash, serum cholesterol and triglyceride, hepatic G-6-Pase activity, lower glycogen content and relative levels of hepatic growth hormone (GH) gene expression than those reared at $30^{\circ}C$ (p<0.05). Significant interaction between temperature and diet was found for HSI, condition factor, hepatic GK activity and the relative levels of hepatic GH gene expression (p<0.05).