• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.43-65
• /
• 2005

In most leading companies, new product development is one of the most important corporate activities which affects the very existence of them. Therefore, CFT(cross-functional team) is frequently used to utilize knowledge and experiences of its members from various teams. To ensure the successful operation of CFT, various structural assistances, such as committee and Task Force Team, are made which will coordinate smooth interactions among members. Many researches show that the increase of interaction among team members affects the performance. This research is exploratory research intend to show the effects of relational characteristics such as group efficacy and participation on the perceived performance of new product development. This research examines the performance mechanism that lies in between CFT and its members by expanding the understandings on the relationship between interaction and performance in new product development CFT. Results show that the level of interaction affect group efficacy. and group efficacy affect participation. Finally, participation affect perceived performance. However. it shows that the level of interaction and group efficacy do not have direct effect on perceived performance.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.2007-2017
• /
• 2016

Background: Modifying lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise can reduce the risk of cancer. Psychological stress (PS) might be indirectly associated with cancer because it alters lifestyle factors. However, the relationship among these variables has not been fully investigated. Thus, we examined interactions between self-reported PS (SRPS) and habitual exercise on diet. Materials and Methods: In all, 5,587 men and 2,718 women were divided into "exerciser" and :non-exerciser" groips, based on whether they exercised reguarly, and classified into three SRPS levels: low, moderate and high. Diet was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Using a general linear model, food and nutrient consumption was estimated for each SRPS level in the 2 exercise groups, and the interactions between SRPS levels and exercise were calculated. Results: In women, the intake of pork and beef, low fat milk and yogurt, natto (fermented soybean), carrots and squash, other root vegetables, mushrooms, seaweeds, and wine along with the nutrients vegetable protein, soluble, insoluble and total dietary fiber, daidzein, genistein, carotene, retinol equivalents, vitamin B2, pantothenic acid, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron demonstrated significant interaction with SRPS and habitual exercise (p for interaction <0.05). In men, raw and green leafy vegetable and fruit and vegetable juice significantly interacted with SRPS and habitual exercise (p for interaction <0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that certain foods and nutrients, which are thought to have a protective effect against cancer, interact with SRPS and habitual exercise, especially in women. This information is valuable for understanding and improving interventions for cancer prevention.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
• /
• v.1 no.4
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2021

The impacts that AI and robotics systems can and will have on our everyday lives are already making themselves manifest. However, there is a lack of research on the ethical impacts and means for amelioration regarding AI and robotics within tourism and hospitality. Given the importance of designing technologies that cross national boundaries, and given that the tourism and hospitality industry is fundamentally predicated on multicultural interactions, this is an area of research and application that requires particular attention. Specifically, tourism and hospitality have a range of context-unique stakeholders that need to be accounted for in the salient design of AI systems is to be achieved. This paper adopts a stakeholder approach to develop the conceptual framework to centralize human values in designing and deploying AI and robotics systems in tourism and hospitality. The conceptual framework includes several layers - 'Human-human-AI' interaction level, direct and indirect stakeholders, and the macroenvironment. The ethical issues on each layer are outlined as well as some possible solutions to them. Additionally, the paper develops a research agenda on the topic.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2011.10a
• /
• pp.862-865
• /
• 2011

WebGL is a cross-platform web standard for a low-level 3D graphics API based on OpenGL ES 2.0 and presents 3D graphics in web browsers without installing extra plug-ins. The reason that WebGL is notable is because it is included in the HTML5 standard which is getting the spotlight as a next-generation RIA(Rich Internet Application) platform for variable devices such as PCs, smart phones, table PCs, and smart TVs. In this research, we would like to introduce and develop a behavior engine for easy and rapid authoring of complicated interactions and 3D object's behavior models in WebGL-based contents.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.23
• /
• pp.191-214
• /
• 2011

Today the company's brand sites are in tendency locating as a handy method to administrate company vision, value and image. So this study tried to examine the aspects of storytelling around Amore Pacific's brand site. To secure the discussion's centrality and concreteness, two issues are considered to be aimed in methodology. First, the menus of relevant site were examined to see if they are securing minimal narrative. This was an attempt to discuss the minimum narrativity that target text is supposed to possess, to objectify little more the term 'storytelling.' After considering the menus of relevant site through narratological ideas of Gerald Prince, the menus that satisfy the level of minimum narrative were hardly seen. Even 'OUR STORY', showing the intention of unraveling the vision and values within the company brand by stories, is not seemed to be reaching universal, objective storytelling. Second, pragmatic, reception theory were applied as another standard to judge storytelling possibilities of Amore Pacific's brand site. Roger C. Schank's script theory, being considered in the field of cognitive linguistics and cognitive psychology, became a handy tool for examining the interactions and its meaning between brand sites and its visitors. As a result, the relevant site could be seen as attempting storytelling following time sequence, through narrator kindly explaining 'visual image-event.' And it was conjecturable that, because of such function of narrator, visitors finishes storytelling in a personal shape by operating internal story based script. This study examined the level and methods of storytelling limited in online environment called as company brand site. But more studies are needed to be in progress, such as about the ways for company websites or brand sites to have an effective, continuous influence on potential consumers, narrator set-up ways suitable for character of subordinate menus, organizations of minimum narrative and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.131-150
• /
• 2005

One of the reasons for popularity of online game is owing to the interactions with other game users that would lead game the users easily involving in it. Such a holistic state is called flow. Theoretically and empirically flow is one of the antecedents influencing the intension of reusing online game. However, since there are so many kinds in online games, all of them are not the same in the way of feeling flow and level of the relationship with reuse. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between flow, fators influencing flow and reuse intension in online games genre by genre. For this purpose, we classily online game into role playing, board, arcade and simulation, and suggest a research model that would explain relationship between online game and flow comparing its difference among four game genres. Sampling 730 from online game users, we analyze the suggested model empirically by PLS and prove it to be a valid one. The result of this study would not only provide differentiate Insights to the online game providers in each genre practically but also contribute to explaining intrinsic motivation for the use of information technology theoretically.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2006

HVIMs consists of simulated driver models implemented with series of mathematical functions and computerized vehicle dynamic models. To effectively model the perception process, as a part of driver models, psychophysical nonlinearity should be considered not only for the single-modal stimulus but for the stimulus of multiple modalities and interactions among them. A series of human factors experiments were conducted using the primary sensory of visual and auditory modalities to find out the effects of auditory cues in visual velocity estimation tasks. The variations of auditory cues were found to enhance/reduce the perceived intensity of velocity as the level changed. These results indicate that the conventional psychophysical power functions could not applied for the perception process of the HVIMs with multi-modal stimuli. 'Ruled surfaces' in a 3-D coordinate system(with the intensities of both kinds of stimuli and the ratio of enhancement, respectively for each coordinate) were suggested to model the realistic perception process of multi-modal HVIMs.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.33
• /
• pp.331-358
• /
• 2013

This paper looks into several aspects of linguistic behaviors attested in Korean and American English corpora. A special attention is paid to the areas of politeness phenomena, terms of address, power and solidarity, practice of flattery, and closely-related non-linguistic behaviors such as tipping and gift-giving conventions. An analysis of the data reveals that Korean society remains very much superior-oriented, non-egalitarian, non-democratic despite the pride and sense of accomplishment among the populace that the nation has achieved a satisfactory level of democracy. In particular, the following facts in Korean and the Korean society are exposed by an examination of the data: ${\bullet}$ There is a notional gap of positive politeness ${\bullet}$ Superiors enjoy an unfair advantage in the power and solidarity system ${\bullet}$ The terms of address system is set up to make a clear distinction between levels and the terms of address, in turn, dictate norms of expected behavior ${\bullet}$ The notion and practice of flattery heavily favors superiors ${\bullet}$ Non-linguistic acts of gift-giving and tipping are consistent with the examined social interactions As a result, all the benefits, emotional as well as material, are garnered by superiors. These facts may reflect the real Korea that people are used to being comfortable with, a pre-modern, feudalistic society, something akin to its kin in the north. We may proclaim that we aspire to a more democratic society. However, it appears Koreans, deep inside, may have been seeking a powerful dictator all along. These findings help provide a partial but insightful clue to the political puzzle: why Koreans grew uncomfortable with an egalitarian and democratic president and could not save him, but instead replaced him with a succession of a corrupted businessman and the authoritarian daughter of a former dictator. The flight to democracy has stalled in midair, not quite making the grade yet. There is plenty of linguistic evidence in Korean.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.1980-1984
• /
• 2011

A temperature- and coverage-dependant quasi-reversible change in two-photon photoemission (2PPE) of chemisorbed 1-phenyl-1-propyne (PP) on Cu(111) is reported. For PP on Cu(111) at 300 K probed at a photon energy of 4.13 eV, two broad peaks of comparable intensity show final state energies of 7.25 and 7.75 eV above the Fermi level. The former peak could be assigned to the first image potential state (IS, n = 1) and/or unoccupied molecular orbital (UMO), located at 3.1 eV above the Fermi level. The latter is plausibly attributed to a mix of unoccupied higher-order IS (and/or UMO) and occupied surface state (SS) of Cu(111). With decreasing the temperature, the former 2PPE peak shows a shift in position by about 0.2 eV, and the latter exhibits a dramatic increase in intensity. In the system, intermolecular interactions (and/or order-disorder transition) of PP and substrate lattice temperature may play a significant role in change in photoexcitation lifetime (or excitation cross-section), and the unoccupied molecular orbital (UMO)-metal (IS) charge transfer coupling. Our unique 2PPE results provide a deeper insight for understanding photoexcitation charge transfer with temperature in an organic molecule/metal system.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2016

The objective of this study was to determine potential contributing factors associated with biosecurity level of farrow-to-finish pig farms and to develop a classification tree model to explore how these factors related to each other based on prediction model. To this end, the author analyzed data (n = 193) extracted from a cross-sectional study of 344 farrow-to-finish farms which was conducted between March and September 2014 aimed to explore swine disease status at farm level. Standardized questionnaires with information about basic demographical data and management practices were collected in each farm by on-site visit of trained veterinarians. For the classification of the data sets regarding biosecurity level as a dependent variable and predictor variables, Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) algorithm was applied for modeling classification tree. The statistics of misclassification risk was used to evaluate the fitness of the model in terms of prediction results. Categorical multivariate input data (40 variables) was used to construct a classification tree, and the target variable was biosecurity level dichotomized into low versus high. In general, the level of biosecurity was lower in the majority of farms studied, mainly due to the limited implementation of on-farm basic biosecurity measures aimed at controlling the potential introduction and transmission of swine diseases. The CHAID model illustrated the relative importance of significant predictors in explaining the level of biosecurity; maintenance of medical records of treatment and vaccination, use of dedicated clothing to enter the farm, installing fence surrounding the farm perimeter, and periodic monitoring of the herd using written biosecurity plan in place. The misclassification risk estimate of the prediction model was 0.145 with the standard error of 0.025, indicating that 85.5% of the cases could be classified correctly by using the decision rule based on the current tree. Although CHAID approach could provide detailed information and insight about interactions among factors associated with biosecurity level, further evaluation of potential bias intervened in the course of data collection should be included in future studies. In addition, there is still need to validate findings through the external dataset with larger sample size to improve the external validity of the current model.