• PNF and Movement
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on episodes of foot drop and the ability to cross obstacles in stoke patients. Methods: The patient was a 57-year-old man with left hemiplegia. This patient displayed episodes of foot drop while walking and issues with crossing obstacles. The patient underwent therapeutic exercises and occupational therapy twice daily at a hospital five times a week. The patient was treated with PNF outside of these therapeutic sessions. Each session, which was 60 minutes in length, was conducted 3 times a week over 8 weeks. Over the course of treatment, a pre-test and post-test were completed. The patient walked for a test time of 6M. During the testing process, the patient crossed obstacles. In addition, the number of foot drop episodes was recorded. Each test was measured three times to determine the mean value. Results: After the PNF treatments, the number of foot drop episodes decreased from five to one. The 6M walking test time during which the patient crossed obstacles also decreased from 18 seconds to 10 seconds. Conclusion: The use of PNF treatments is beneficial to reduce the number of foot drop episodes while walking and to improve the ability to cross obstacles in stroke patients.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제37권
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• pp.335-360
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether high-level(level 6) essay-writing questions in Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) have been presented appropriately so as to enable foreign test-takers to display their Korean writing ability properly, and to provide some suggestions on how those questions need to be changed. To accomplish this purpose, all the essay-writing questions were collected from the 33 TOPIK tests, from the 2nd in 1998 to the 35thin 2014, and analyzed from the perspectives of their topics and formats. The results are that high-level TOPIK essay-writing questions showed a strong tendency to take as their topics Korean sociocultural structures and phenomena, or current issues in Korea, and that they frequently employed guided writing formats by providing preset ideas or/and contexts for test-takers to write in a guided way; such tendencies were analyzed to shed a negative influence on test-takers displaying their writing ability and creativity, because those topics and preset ideas or contexts provided do not allow them to express their own opinions or positions freely. It is suggested that TOPIK essay-writing questions should be changed to deal with objective and general topics which enable test-takers to write freely and logically in Korean based on their experience, because TOPIK is not a test to check whether they have enough background knowledge about the Korean society and culture, but a test to assess their Korean proficiency.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2011

Purpose: The study sought to provide basic information for North Korean defectors (Sae-Tu-Min) by studying the quality of life(QoL) based on their general characteristics and health problems. Methods: The targeted subjects were 1400 North Korean settlers who were receiving settlement service by Korean National Red Cross after finishing their training at Hanawon in 2005. The data was collected from August to October in 2007. The QoL was assessed by Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Collected data were analyzed by ANOVA and t-test with SPSS win 15.0 program. Result: The majority of the 466 subjects were female(77.9%). The average age was 36.8 years, 52.8% lived alone, and 64.0% were unemployed. The average QoL score of the group was $62.4{\pm}18.4$, which was markedly lower in terms of social, physical and mental health compared to the scores of immigrants to South Korea from other countries. The score was the highest for physical ability and the lowest for general health. Influential socio-demographic factors to QoL were gender, age, education, religion, annual salary, occupation, and life insurance. Employed in the subject group showed higher level of QoL on eight categories than unemployed. Concerning health problems that detracted from QoL, 18.5% of the subjects were aware they suffered from anemia and 8.8% of them recognized they suffered from attention deficits. Conclusion: The health conditions of the North Korean settlers had improved since they settled in South Korea, but their QoL was lower than other immigrants. Various programs to maintain and promote the health of North Korean settlers would be useful.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.766-777
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• 1997

수도 저하발아성에 대한 유전 양상을 구명하여 저온발아성 품종 육성의 기초 자료를 얻고자 숙기가 다른 세 그룹에서 10품종을 선정 '94년에 15일 간격 4시기로 파종 및 이앙을 실시하여 수량한 종자를 '95년 4~5월에 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온 실내 시험과, 건답 직파의 포장 시험으로 저온발아성을 조사하고, 저온발아성 고 1품종, 저 1품종, 중 4품종을 선정 '94 하계에 절영법에 의한 정역이면교잡을 실시하여 얻어진 F$_1$ 교배입을 '95년 5월에 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온에서 저온발아 시험을 실시하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 재배 시기를 달리하여 수량된 종자의 실내 및 포장에서의 저온발아성 분산분석 결과 품종에 따라 재배시기간에 고도의 유의차가 인정되었다. 2. 실내 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온 저온발아계수와 포장의 자연상태 건답직파에서의 출아계수와의 상관분석 결과 고도의 유의한 상관(r=0.5111)이 인정되었다. 3. 조합능력 분석 결과 일반조합능력 및 특정조합능력 모두 고도의 유의성이 인정되었으며, 일반조합능력이 특정조합능력보다 커서 상가적작용이 상위성 작용보다 더 크게 나타났다. 4. 정역차이 분산분석 결과 정역간에 고도의 유의차가 인정되었다. 5. 부친열 공분산/모친열 공분산 Graph에서 6개의 교배열 모두가 모본 효과를 보였으며, Alpha와 Beta 유전 분석 결과, 저온발아성의 정역간 차이는 Alpha 유전의 효과로 나타났다. 6. 평균우성도 분석 결과, 30개 조합 중 17개 조합에서 초월분리를 보였으며, 그 중 9개 조합이 저온발아성이 낮은 쪽으로 초월분리를 보였다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore self-directed learning ability and its affecting factors among undergraduate students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Using a convenience sampling method, data were collected from 196 undergraduate students enrolled in one national university. Negative psychological tendency (i.e. Type D personality), academic engagement, and self-directed learning ability were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and analysis of covariance, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple linear regression, using SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results: The mean age of the students was $21.61{\pm}2.40years$ and 56.6% were male students. Approximately, one third (n=67, 34.2%) of the students had Type D personality. The average scores of academic engagement and self-directed learning ability were $3.01{\pm}1.14$ and $3.46{\pm}0.50$, respectively. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, the Type D personality and academic engagement were significant predictors of self-directed learning ability (${\beta}=.64$, p<.001; ${\beta}=-.13$, p=.021, respectively). This model explained 53.6% of the variance in self-directed learning ability. Conclusion: The study identified that Type D personality and academic engagement affect self-directed learning ability of undergraduate students, one in a negative way, the other in a positive way. Educators and educational policy makers need to make efforts to include interventions and strategies that increase academic engagement and change negative psychological dispositions such as D-type personality in the undergraduate education curriculum.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 1990

주성분분석에 의하여 분류된 148개 보존잠품종중에서 제일주성분 score에 따라 10개의 교배모품종을 선발한 후 (정등, 1989), 이들로부터 Top-교잡에 의해 24개 교배조합을 작성하고 조합능력검정을 행함과 동시에 주성분과 교배조합능력과의 상호관계를 분석하였다. 1. 선발된 육종모품종중에서 일본종계 N$_{39}$ 및 중국종계 $C_{46}$ 이 대부분의 형질에서 일반조합능력이 높았다. 2. 특정조합능력은 형질 또는 교배조합에 따라 차이가 심하였다. 3. 육종모품종의 제1주성분 score는 5영경과일수, 전령경과일수, 수견량, 전견중, 견층중, 견층비율, 견사장, 견사량, 해서사장, 생사량비율, 소절등의 일반조합능력과 고도의 정의 상관관계가 있었다. 4. 유사도거리(D$^2$)는 수견양, 해서사장, 해서사량, 해서율, 생사량비율, 소절등의 특정조합능력과 정의 상관이 있었다. 따라서 교배조합의 양친이 원연일수록 이들 5개형질에 대한 특정조합능력은 높게 나타났다. 5. 육종모품종의 특성을 이용한 주성분분석의 제1주성분 score에 의해 일반조합능력의 예측이 가능하였다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2001

Cross linked chitosan beads showed high selective adsorption abilities in order of $Au^{3+}$ > $Hg^{2+}$ > $Cu^{2+}$ > $Cd^{2+}$ > $Pt^{4+}$ > ${UO_2}^{2+}$ ions in mixed solution of various metal ions at pH 4.5. N-methyltyiobenzylated chitosan beads(MTB-chitosan beads) were prepared treating with p-(methylthio) benzaldehyde after cross linking of chitosan beads to give them a high selectivity in adsorption of metal ions. The MTB-chitosan beads demonstrated their selectivity on precious metals among various metal ions distinctively. Particularly, the MTB-chitosan had a peculiar selective adsorption on $Pd^{2+}$, $Au^{2+}$, and $Hg^{2+}$ions whilst the cross linked chitosan beads showed its high adsorption on $Pd^{2+}$ at pH 1.1. On the other hand, the cross linked chitosan beads showed its superiority in selective adsorption on $Au^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, and $Hg^{2+}$ions to the MTB-chitosan at pH 4.5 of the test solution. Thus metal selectivities were given to chitosan beads through chemical modifications.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.389-397
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• 1997

In this paper, we propose a new method of contour error modeling for cross-coupled control of CNC machines. This modeling method is based on the information that the interpolator of a CNC machine generates knot points per each sampling time in order to approximate a given curved path as a series of small straight-line segments. The merits of the proposed method are : (1) its applicability for arbitrary curved contours and (2) its ability to calculate contour errors more accurately than the other conventional methods. The proposed method is evaluated and compared with the conventional methods using the three typical curved trajectories by computer simulations. Furthermore, it is shown that the cross-coupled controller based on this proposed error model improves contouring accuracy more effectively than the other methods.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.625-638
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• 2017

This paper presents a novel approach that describes the first-order (linear elastic) partial interaction analysis of members formed by multi-components based on the Generalised Beam Theory (GBT). The novelty relies on its ability to accurately model the partial interaction between the different components forming the cross-section in both longitudinal and transverse directions as well as to consider the cross-sectional deformability. The GBT deformations modes, that consist of the conventional, extensional and shear modes, are determined from the dynamic analyses of the cross-section represented by a planar frame. The partial interaction is specified at each connection interface between two adjacent elements by means of a shear deformable spring distributed along the length of the member. The ease of use of the model is outlined by an application performed on a multi-component member subjected to an eccentric load. The values calculated with an ABAQUS finite element model are used to validate the proposed method. The results of the numerical applications outline the influence of specifying different rigidities for the interface shear connection and in using different order of polynomials for the shape functions specified in the finite element cross-section analysis.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2013

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility and effects of balance training using a newly developed elastic band orthosis (aider) for improvement of mobility and balance in chronic stroke patients. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Ten patients with chronic hemiplegia participated in this study. There were six males and four females; two patients had right hemiplegia and eight had left hemiplegia. This study investigated the effect of the elastic band orthosis on balance and gait ability compared with bare foot condition. Gait parameters were measured using the opto-gait system for analysis of the spatial and temporal parameters of walking in stroke patients. In addition, balance ability in stroke patients was evaluated using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Results: This study investigated the effect of the elastic band orthosis on balance compared with bare foot condition. The TUG and BBS showed significant improvement with use of the elastic band orthosis (p<0.05). Use of the Elastic band orthosis resulted in significantly improved velocity, cadence, less-affected step length, less-affected stride length, and less-affected single limb support in stroke patients (p<0.05). Conclusions: We demonstrated a significant improvement in dynamic balance and gait ability in chronic stroke patients using the elastic band orthosis. This orthosis may aid in prevention of spastic foot drop, leading to improvement of walking ability.