• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.298-311
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• 2015

Grape is one of the important fruit crops around the world, and exposed to disease and pests, and internal or environmental stresses in the vineyards. Breeding and cultivation of new varieties of high quality-grapes resistant to diseases and pests and tolerant to stresses are the most important steps in the grape production. However, conventional breeding has laborious and time-consuming procedures in maintaining and selecting seedlings in the fields. Development of molecular breeding technology through understanding of molecular mechanism of useful traits can be used as an alternative strategy to improve the efficiency of grape breeding program by cross hybridization in grape development programs. The completion of the grape genome sequencing project provided the way to discover the novel genes and to analyze their functions. Comparative genomics, transcriptomic analysis, and the genome-wide identification and analysis of useful genes as well as development of molecular marker for valuable traits could provide novel insights into fruit quality and the responses to diseases and stresses, and can be used as important information in molecular breeding programs for grape development.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.137-153
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• 2016

The price of agricultural products has changed from year to year, the m ajor c ause o f price fluctuation is the imbalance of supply and demand. Materials which are mainly used in korean cabbage production volume is the forecast model, using the cadastral result, slope calculation is impossible to achieved. For this reason, this implies the drastic decrease of prices and the prediction of supply and demand of field crops that is cultivated in a highland slope area, this situation is being repeated. Therefore, the target area of this research is the slopes of high land, by using 2D and 3D Lidar data for the analysis of the cultivated area. Experiment was carried out in the same area to compare the data differences. The rate of change in the area of slope is quantitatively increasing presented by the regression model. An alternative methodology that can improve the reliability of the calculated slope area using 2D is through cadastral map.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 1999

Seed coating and pelleting techniques have been used in many crops to improve the germination vigor of tiny and light seeds. Cultivated Chinese-foxglove (Rehmannia glutlnosa) has been infected by various types of virus derived from vagetative propagation of rootstock. Seed characteristics and alginate-coated seed germination rate have been investigated to get basic information for healthy seedling production through seed propagation. Chinese-foxglove showed different numbers of seeds per pod from 61 in Seocheon local to 207 in Jiwhang 1 and 1,000grain weight also varied from 70mg of Seocheon local to 130mg of Jiwhang 1. Seeds of Chinese-foxglove has dormancy because that seed collected last year more stimulated than that of this year at germination test. Optimum alginate concentration for pellected seeds germination was 2%.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2011

To estimate the effects of limitation nutrients for phytoplankton growth and its influences on short-term variations of a winter phytoplankton community structure, we investigated the abiotic and biotic factors of surface and bottom waters at 20 stations of inner and offshore areas from 6 to 7 February in Gwangyang Bay, Korea. Also, several algal bio-assay studies were conducted to identify any additional nutrient effects on phytoplankton assemblage using surface water for the assay. The dominant species in the bay was diatom Skeletonema costatum, which occupied more than 70% of total species in most stations (St.1-16) of the inner bay. According to a cluster and multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis based on phytoplankton community data from each station, the bay was divided into three groups. The first group included stations from the south-western parts of Myodo lsland, which can be characterized as a semien-closed eutrophic area with high phytoplankton abundance. The second group included most stations from the north-eastern part of Myodo lsland, influenced indirectly by surface water currents from offshore of the bay. The standing phytoplankton crops were lower than those of the first group. The other cluster was restricted to samples collected from offshore of the bay. In the bay, silicon (Si) and phosphorus (P) were not a major limiting factor for phytoplankton production. However, since the DIN: DIP and DSi: DIN ratios clearly demonstrated that there were potential stoichiometric N limitations, nitrogen (N) was considered as a limiting factor. Based on the algal bio-assay, in vivo fluorescence values in N (+) added experiments were higher compared to control and P added experiments. Our results suggested that nitrogen may act as one of the most important factors in controlling primary production during winter in Gwangyang Bay.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2013

The expression of transgenic traits in genetically modified crops is sometimes associated with decreases in crop performance or fitness. These decreases in performance or fitness of transgenic plants in unfavourable conditions may provide valuable information about the ecological consequences of transgene escape. In a glasshouse trial, we tested the cost associated with resistance to herbicides by comparing the growth, yield, and competitive ability of transgenic rice with its parental non-transgenic line. This new line was developed for constitutive overexpression of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) to increase resistance to herbicides. We evaluated nine agronomic traits of transgenic and non-transgenic rice grown in a replacement series design over four densities. Competitive ability was also assessed between transgenic and non-transgenic plants by analyzing their relative yields based on biomass and seed weight data. Our results indicated that non-transgenic plants showed greater performance than did the transgenic plants when those genotypes were grown in mixtures. The non-transgenic rice plants exhibited superior competitive ability at certain combinations of planting densities and genotype proportions. These results suggest that PPO-herbicide resistance incurs some costs in plant performance and competitive ability.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

Rehabilitation for low-yielding wells resulting in improvement on groundwater quantity and quality is considered to be the most economic and ecofriendly method against the increasing demand to groundwater due to frequent drought and the increase in numbers of agricultural complex for growing horticultural crops. This study suggests standard, stepwise diagnostic fuctions consisting of four steps (Basic inspection, Specific inspection, Rehabilitation, and Management) for an optimal management to the wells. Basic inspection can provide information on current groundwater quantity and quality compared with those on its initial stage. Specific-inspection based on hydrogeology can scientifically demonstrate causes of deterioration on groundwater quantity and quality. Results of specific inspection can suggest an optimal rehabilitation method to solve deteriorating problems including clogging and corrosion for the wells. After rehabiliating the wells, an assessment on groundwater quantity and quality would be conducted to identify the suitability of the applied method and improvement of the wells. A short-term, periodic management to the wells is considered as the key to save a public management budget. Suggested diagnostic functions can possibly induce sustainable supply of agricultural groundwater to the farm land and finally contribute the increase on rural household income.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.198-204
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• 1994

Many old books concerning agriculture in ancient Korea were published during Yi dynasty, giving information on the agriculture of old and recent times, Present work describes the introduction of tobacco to Korea by reviewing old domestic or foreign agricultural literatures dealing with names of tobacco. Historically, tobacco had been called as many names such as Namcho, Yeoncho, Au, Seocho, Oecho, Hocho, Dampa Ko, Namkyongcho and Dampacke, and known to be introduced to Korea during early part of Kwanghwekun rule (year of 1618) from Japan. However, tobacco introduction from Japan to Korea seemed not be true by 2 historical facts. One is that at old time Japan had imported Chinese and Korean culture, and many crops during Nara and Heyan dynasties. The other is that there is no evidence of Japanese introduction found in Japan nowadays. The most plausible theory on tobacco introduction is that soldiers under General Youjung of Myong dynasty had brought tobacco to Korea during ImJinWaeRan(1592-1598). The above statements can be verified by old stories about Korean local tobacco varieties, and by letters Kim Dae Hyun(1553-1602) and General Youjoung.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.227-233
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop a warm cover for greenhouse with excellent thermal insulation and to propose ways of commercialization of the product. Feathers were used as filling materials because they formed the air layer to enhance insulation. Instead of downs for clothing or other textile products, we used disposed feathers. The developed product covers the outside of the greenhouse to keep the crops warm. It has multiple layers including feathers as filling materials, padding, inside fabric, heat insulation materials and outer fabric. It has proven to improve the insulation ratio. We developed other kinds of warm covers that are applicable to the inside of the greenhouse or the small houses in the greenhouse. Also, R&D system of educational industrial complex enables us to commercialize the products and building marketing strategies for them. This technology contributes to the expansion of energy-saving facilities for farmers, and it can serve the development and spread of various products utilizing feather.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

Weed management under organic farming systems is very problematic since organic agriculture does not allow synthetic herbicides. Bioherbicide is needed to develop for weed management in organic agriculture systems. This review covers current status and perspectives of bioherbicide development for effective nonchemical weed management in organic farming systems. Bioherbicides are products of natural origin derived from living organisms, and more specifically bacteria, fungus and plants including natural metabolites for weed control. Bioherbicides derived from microorganisms or natural molecules are currently available on the pesticide markets. Devine, Lockdown (Collego), BioMal, Camperico, Organo-Sol and Opportune were derived from bacteria, Woad Warrior, Smolder, Mygogen, Chontrol Paste, Starritor and Phoma derived from fungus, and Katoun (pelargonic acid) and Beloukha were derived from plants. Corn gluten meal products and plant essential oils products are also available for nonselective weed control in organic agriculture. Organic weed management methods may be more feasible in small scale farming and high-value crops, and bioherbicides may be applied with other weed control practices in organic farming systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.153-161
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• 2008

Agriculture and forest are basis for livelihood in Nepal while both sectors constitute around 40 percent of the national product and over two-thirds of the economically active population is dependent on agriculture. However, radical changes in land use, depletion in crops production and food availability are major threats due to loss of soil fertilityand severe environmental degradation. In this study, we used time series data from 1986/87 to 2005/06 about food crop production and population published by Government of Nepal, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives and Central Bureau of Statistics. Descriptive statistics and ArcGIS were used to assess and map the food security status of Nepalese Terai based on the local food demand and supply system. Food supply to demand ratio(FSDR) was the main idea of assessment. Our results showed that out of 20 districts, only 8 districts were categorised under secured food districts whereas 5 districts were still under food unsecured situation. The analysis further revealed that 7 districts had faced food deficit more than 8-16 times during the last 20 year periods. Data further showed that there was surplus food supply relative to the requirements dictated by FSDR. However, the average FSDR was less than 1.2(less than 20% surplus) exploring fact that most of the districts were not producing sufficient food to cope up the food shock and after 1995 it was relatively stagnant. Our prediction reveals that food supply in Terai even in the future would remain at almost the same level as now, and there will not more than 16-17% surplus by 2021 considering medium vibrant population growth. The findings thus, indicate that Terai may not be a food secure region in the future, even though the region is considered as a food storage house of Nepal. In addition, this paper suggests ways to make future comprehensive case studies more widely comparable in Terai, Nepal.