• Title/Summary/Keyword: Criteria of Quality Management

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Investigating Water Quality Data of Finished Water in Domestic Water Treatment Plants (1994-1998) (국내 정수장 정수 수질자료의 특성분석 (1994년-1998년까지 5년간 자료를 중심으로))

  • Yoon, Jeyong;Cho, Soonhaeng;Kim, Haeshim
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.431-443
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    • 2000
  • Water quality data from water treatment plants in Korea during 1994-1998 were investigated to find out the characteristics of their non compliance. The number of plants surveyed were approximately 600 and the number of samples were over 30,000. Ten parameters of water quality selected in this study and their non compliance % (inside parenthesis) were as follows: Heterotrophic plate count (0.14%), Total coliforms (0.08%), $NH_3$-N (0.29%), $NO_3$-N (0.14%), THMs (0.02%), Turbidity (0.11%), Residual chlorine (5.5%), $KMnO_4$ consumption (0.04%), Hardness (0.03%), pH (0.07%). These levels of non compliance were compared to those obtained from WIDB (Water Industry Database, 1996) of American Water Works Association. This study strongly supported that small water plants (<10,000 tons/day) were more vulnerable in meeting the regulation criteria of many water quality parameters such as Heterotrophic plate count. Total coliforms, $NO_3$-N, THMs, Turbidity, Residual chlorine, $KMnO_1$ consumption, Hardness and pH. The $NH_3$-N concentration was especially high in winter and its violation was frequently found in the specific areas such as the downstream of major rivers. The average THMs concentration was surprisingly low, indicating $13{\mu}g/L$ which is 43% of US. Accordingly, these characteristics must be reflected in establishing the effective management of water quality policy of drinking water in Korea.

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Comparative Study of Groundwater Threshold Values in European Commission and Member States for Improving Management of Groundwater Quality in Korea (국내 지하수 수질관리체계 개선을 위한 유럽 지하수 문턱값 비교)

  • Nam, Sun-Hwa;Lee, Woo-Mi;Jeong, Seung-Woo;Kim, Hye-Jin;Kim, Huyn-Koo;Kim, Tae-Seung;An, Youn-Joo
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.23-32
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    • 2013
  • Korean groundwater quality standards were established in 1994, and revised in 2003 and 2010. The substances for which standards have been developed are classified into two groups, general pollutants, 4, and specific pollutants, 15. The standards have been applied to household water use, agriculture, aquaculture, and industrial use. However, there is no systematic methodology for either selecting candidate substances or establishing groundwater standards. We investigated various derivation methodologies for groundwater standards used by the European Commission and 27 member states and compared their methods for determining threshold values. The European Commission presented to their member states groundwater standards for two substances and a list of required substances for derivation of threshold values along with the member states. Interestingly, they first considered national background levels and then considered other criteria for water protection, such as drinking water standards, environmental quality standards, and irrigation standards. We suggest that Korean background levels in groundwater should be included in the methodology for establishing groundwater quality standards. These results may be useful in developing a systematic methodology for establishing Korean groundwater quality standards.

Evaluation of Water Quality Characteristics and Water Quality Improvement Grade Classification of Geumho River Tributaries (금호강 수계 지류하천의 수질 특성 평가 및 수질개선 등급화 방안)

  • Jung, Kang-Young;Ahn, Jung-Min;Kim, KyoSik;Lee, In Jung;Yang, Duk Seok
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.767-787
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    • 2016
  • In this study, we analyzed on-site monitoring data for 15 tributaries in Geumho watersheds for 3 years (2011-2013) in order to sort out priorities on water quality characteristics and improvement. As a result of estimating contribution to contamination of the tributary rivers, Dalseocheon showed the highest load densities, despite the smallest watershed area, with 22.7% $BOD_5$, 30.7% $COD_{Mn}$, 31.3% TOC and 47.6% TP. After conducting PCA (principal component analysis) and FA (factor analysis) to analyze water quality characteristics of the tributary rivers, the first factor was classified as $COD_{Mn}$, TOC, EC, TP and $BOD_5$, the second factor as pH, Chl-a and DO, the third factor as water temperature and TN, and the fourth factor as SS and surface flow. In addition, arithmetical sum of each factor's scores based on grading criteria revealed that Dalseocheon and Namcheon were classified into Group A for their highest scores - 96 and 93, respectively -, and selected as rivers that require water environmental management measures the most. Also, water environmental contamination inspection showed that Palgeocheon had the most number of aquatic factors to be controlled: $BOD_5$, $COD_{Mn}$, SS, TOC, T-P, Chl-a, etc.

A Study on the Quality Evaluation of Scholarly Web Databases Focused on NDSL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (학술 웹 데이터베이스의 품질 비교 평가 : NDSL, P ubMed, Scopus와 Web of Science를 중심으로)

  • Kim, Sang-Jun
    • Journal of Information Management
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.127-165
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    • 2005
  • This study is focused on the quality of the Web databases which has been produced in science. For the quality evaluation of NDSL, PubMed, Scopus, and WoS, 10 evaluating criteria are developed on the basis of literature review. The evaluation results show that NDSL and PubMed are superior in the currentness and cost. Scopus and WoS are superior in the information of citing and the analysis tool. It is needed for purchasing, user training, and library service based on the above evaluation results.

Study on GIS based Automatic Delineation Method of Accurate Stream Centerline for Water Quality Modeling (GIS기반의 수질모델링 지원을 위한 정확도 높은 하천중심선의 자동 추출기법에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Yong-Gil;Kim, Kye-Hyun;Lee, Chol-Young
    • Spatial Information Research
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 2010
  • For implementing TMDL(Total Maximum Daily Loading) to adopt more effective management of water pollution, water quality modeling is pre-requisite and such modeling requires the extraction of stream centerline. The institutes responsible for the water quality modeling, however, generates the stream centerline with their own criteria and this lead to low accuracy of the extracted centerline as well as different modeling results for the same watershed. Therefore, this study mainly focused on the development of extraction method of the stream centerline. For that, an automated method has been developed through the integration of the centerline extraction method using a maximum inscribed circle with GIS. The result has shown that the newly developed method could enable to represent more details of the stream topography along with enhanced accuracy compared with conventional extraction method. Furthermore, the new method can afford centerline extraction for the island areas which has been the limitation of the conventional method thereby supporting water quality modeling in a detailed level.

A study on the temperature drop rate for a military product test & evaluation in the mountains (군수품 환경시험을 위한 남한 산악 지역 고도에 따른 온도강하율 산출 연구)

  • Kim, Youngrae;Yun, Jae-Hyeong;Na, Jae-Hyun;Kim, Jang-Eun;Kim, Si-Ok;Kim, DongGil;Hong, YeonWoong
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.1145-1152
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    • 2017
  • Environmental tests are used to verify an equipment that can withstand the rigors of harsh environments. In general, military products have lots of experiences with extreme environment compared to commercial products. Therefore, the military products used in mountains require a tailoring process about temperature drop for the environmental test. The International Organization for Standardization publishes that the coefficient of temperature drop is $-6.5^{\circ}C/1000m$ from all around the world. However, there is no the criteria in the South Korea. In this paper, we calculate the coefficient of temperature drop. Also, an equation used as a tailoring process for a low temperature test of the products has been suggested.

A review of herbal medicines for chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (한약을 이용한 chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) 치료 관련 무작위 배정 임상 시험에 대한 고찰)

  • Park, Bongki
    • Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.51-61
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    • 2016
  • Background : Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common adverse effect in cancer patients who were exposed to chemotherapy. CIPN impacts on the quality of life and could delay chemotherapy. The aim of this review was to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of herbal medicine in CIPN patients. Methods : Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this review. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane database, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang and four Korean databases without restrictions on time or language. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results : Eleven RCTs involving 706 patients met the inclusion criteria. Eleven different herbal medicines were examined in the included trials. Almost RCTs showed insufficiency in the reporting randomization method and allocation concealment. One trial used allocation concealment and a double-blinding method. Five studies reported that participants dropped out of RCTs and conducted an 'as-treated analysis'. One trials reported adverse effects of herbal medicine. In ten of the eleven trials, the use of herbal medicine had shown significant differences in clinical symptoms or nerve conduction velocity. Conclusions : The use of herbal medicines for CIPN showed significant improvements in the management of CIPN. However, conclusions cannot be drawn because of the generally low quality of methodology and low quantity of data for each single herbal medicine. Further rigorous trials are needed.

The Effect of Information Service Quality on Customer Loyalty: A Customer Relationship Management Perspective (정보서비스품질이 고객로열티에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 고객관계관리 관점)

  • Kim, Hyung-Su;Gim, Seung-Ha;Kim, Young-Gul
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.1-23
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    • 2008
  • As managing customer relationship gets more important, companies are strengthening information service using multi-channels to their customers as a part of their customer relationship management (CRM) initiatives. It means companies are now accepting such information services not as simple information -delivering tools, but as strategic initiatives for acquiring and maintaining customer loyalty. In this paper, we attempt to validate whether or not such various information services would impact on organizational performance in terms of CRM strategy. More specifically, our research objective is to answer the next three questions: first, how to construct the instruments to measure not information quality but information service quality?; second, which attributes of information service quality can influence corporate image and customer loyalty?; finally, does each information service type have unique characteristics compared with others in terms of influencing corporate image and customer loyalty? With respect to providing answers to those questions, the previous studies had been limited in that those studies failed to consider the variety of types of information service or restricted the quality of information service to information quality. An appropriate research model answering the above questions should consider the fact that most companies are utilizing multi channels for their information services, and include the recent strategic information service such as customer online community. Moreover, since corporate information service could be regarded as a type of products or services delivered to customer, it is necessary to adopt the criteria for assessing customer's perceived value when to measure the quality of information service. Therefore, considering both multi-channels and multi-traits may enable us to tell the detailed causal routes showing which quality attributes of which information service would affect corporate image and customer loyalty. As information service channels, we include not only homepage and DM (direct mail), which are the most frequently applied information service channels, but also online community, which is getting more strategic importance in recent years. With respect to information service quality, we abstract information quality, convenience of information service, and timeliness of information service through a wide range of relevant literature reviews. As our dependant variables, we consider corporate image and customer loyalty that both of them are the critical determinants of organizational performance, and also attempt to grasp the relationship between the two constructs. We conducted a huge online survey at the homepage of one of representative dairy companies in Korea, and gathered 367 valid samples from 407 customers. The reliability and validity of our measurements were tested by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and principal factor analysis respectively, and seven hypotheses were tested through performing correlation test and multiple regression analysis. The results from data analysis demonstrated that timeliness and convenience of homepage have positive effects on both corporate image and customer loyalty. In terms of DM, its' information quality was represented to influence both corporate image and customer loyalty, but we found its' convenience have a positive effect only on corporate image. With respect to online community, we found its timeliness contribute significantly both to corporate image and customer loyalty. Finally, as we expected, corporate image was revealed to provide a great influence to customer loyalty. This paper provides several academic and practical implications. Firstly, we think our research reinforces CRM literatures by developing the instruments for measuring information service quality. The previous relevant studies have mainly depended on the measurements of information quality or service quality which were developed independently. Secondly, the fact that we conducted our research in a real situation may enable academics and practitioners to understand the effects of information services more clearly. Finally, since our study involved three different types of information service which are most frequently applied in recent years, the results from our study might provide operational guidelines to the companies that are delivering their customers information by multi-channel. In other words, since we found that, in terms of customer loyalty, the key areas would be different from each other according to the types of information services, our analysis would help to make decisions such as selecting strengthening points or allocating resources by information service channels.

Meta-analysis of Psychosocial Interventions to Reduce Pain in Patients with Cancer (심리사회적 중재가 암환자의 통증완화에 미친 효과: 메타분석)

  • Oh, Pok Ja;Han, Suk Jung
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.658-668
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of psychosocial interventions on pain in cancer patients. Methods: Eight studies published between 1980 and 2012 in Korean and ten studies published between 2002 and 2012 in English met the inclusion criteria with a total of 1539 participants. Methodological quality assessed by Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non randomized studies. The data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.2 program of Cochrane library. Results: Overall, study quality was moderate to high. Effect sizes were heterogeneous and subgroup analysis was done. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) were effective for pain (ES= -0.35; 95% CI= -0.56, -0.13). Pain education studies measured with NRS and VAS were effective for pain (ES= -0.77; 95% CI= -1.01, -0.52). Publication bias was not detected. Conclusion: This study support the use of psychosocial interventions administered to cancer patients for their pain management. However, more well-designed studies are needed.

Economical Analysis for the Integrated Watershed Sewage Works Program in the Sample Area (표본지역에서의 유역별 통합 하수도정비에 따른 경제적 효과 분석)

  • Yoon, Hyun-Sik;Kim, Duk-Jin;Lee, kwan-Yong
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.565-578
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    • 2012
  • Integrated watershed sewage works program(IWSWP) is defined as implementing, by one of local governments or central government, sewage facilities planning, installation and management for a certain watershed in which criteria of water quality is established and two or more local governments are involved. It is shown that IWSWP is more efficient for the improvement of water quality of water body than conventional local sewage works program(CLSWP) and besides, economical benefits can be achieved by integration of facilities and M&O. In this research, case study for 8 watershed area were investigated to evaluate the difference of effect between IWSWP and CLSWP. The research shows that IWSWP has the money saving result of approximately 12 % by cost reduction for sewage works investment. B/C analysis result shows that B/C ratio of IWSWP was 1.749 and it is higher than B/C ratio of 1.439 for CLSWP. At the same time, the B/C sensitivity analysis is carried out for the rate of discount and the recreational use benefit.