• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.153-167
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• 1994

Credibility theory has provided with a useful tool the assignment of weighting factor that reflects the credibility of the observed individual and collective experience to secure fair experience rate-,making. We review credibility models which can effectively estimate risk premiums using credibility theory, and suggest an empirical Bayed model based on the collective statistics to estimate the structural parameters. To illustrate the use of evolutionary models, the models are applied to the actual data, such as loss ratio, claim frequencies and severity, in the Korean automobile insurance. Also the possibilities of generalizations and applications of empirical models are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1181-1190
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• 2010

When an insurer develops an insurance product, it is very critical to determine reasonable premiums, which is directly related to insurer's profits. There are three methods to determine premiums. Frist, the insurer utilizes premiums paid to the similar cases to the current one. Second, the insurer calculates premiums based on policyholder's past records. The last method is to combine the first with the second one. Based on the three methods, there are two major theories determining premiums, Limited Fluctuation Credibility Theory not based on statistical models and Greatest Accuracy Credibility Theory based on statistical models. There are well-known methods derived from Greatest Accuracy Credibility Theory, such as, Buhlmann model and Buhlmann-Straub model. In this paper, we extend the Buhlmann-Straub model to accommodate the fact that variability grows according to the number of data in practice and suggest a new non-parametric method to estimate the premiums. The suggested estimation method is also applied to the data gained from simulation and compared with the existing estimation method.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.591-614
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• 2019

With the proliferation of social media, it has become easier for people to spread rumors online, which can aggravate the issues arising from online rumors. There are many individuals and organizations that are adversely affected by malicious online rumors. Despite their importance, there has been little research into why and how people spread rumors online, thus inhibiting the understanding of factors that affect the spreading of online rumors. With attention seeking to address this gap, this paper draws upon the dual process theory and the de-individuation theory to develop a theoretical model of factors affecting the spreading of an online rumor, and then empirically tests it using survey data from 211 individuals about a specific rumor. The results indicate that the perceived credibility of the rumor affects the individuals' attitudes toward spreading it, which consequently affects the rumor spreading behavior. Vividness, confirmation of prior beliefs, argument strength, and source credibility positively influence the perceived credibility of online rumors. Finally, anonymity moderates the relationship between attitude toward spreading online rumors and the spreading behavior.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.6-17
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine to what extent the context in which people interact with online information affects people's credibility perceptions. In this study, credibility assessment is defined as perceptions of credibility relying on individuals' expertise and knowledge. Context has been characterized with respect to three aspects: Context as user goals and intentions, context as topicality of information, and context as information activities. The data were collected from two empirical studies. Study 1 was a diary study in which 333 residents in Michigan, U.S.A. submitted 2,471 diary entries to report their trust perceptions associated with ten different user goals and nine different intentions. Study 2 was a lab-based study in which 64 subjects participated in performing four search tasks in two different information activity conditions - information search or content creation. There are three major findings of this study: (1) Score-based trust perceptions provided limited views of people's credibility perceptions because respondents tended to score trust ratings consistently high across various user goals and intentions; (2) The topicality of information mattered more when study subjects assessed the credibility of user generated content (UGC) than with traditional media content (TMC); (3) Subjects of this study exerted more effort into making credibility judgments when they engaged in searching activities than in content creation. These findings indicate that credibility assessment can or should be seen as a process-oriented notion incorporating various information use contexts beyond simple rating-based evaluation. The theoretical contributions for information scientists and practical implications for web designers are also discussed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.603-611
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the mediating influences of resonance-based self-attitude and brand credibility in a relationship between celebrity endorser credibility and celebrity endorser congruity toward brand purchase intention in the current dynamic business environment. It employs a quantitative research method and reports on a survey, using a questionnaire, including the population of consumers of various instant coffee brands in several cities in Indonesia. The number of respondents in this study was 432 people. The analysis was performed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling and SmartPLS software. The analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, evaluation of the measurement model, evaluation of the structural model, and hypothesis testing. The results partially support the model developed. The findings suggest that the instant coffee product advertising in Indonesia needs to create brand messages focusing on the formation of resonance-based self-attitude from consumers to increase the influence of celebrity endorser credibility and celebrity endorser congruity, as well as the brand credibility towards the brand purchase intention. This study contributes to the marketing literature and the theory of planned behavior by providing empirical evidence on the relationship between celebrity endorser credibility, celebrity endorser congruity, resonance-based self-attitude, brand credibility, and brand purchase intention.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.101-108
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• 2015

This study paid attention to the notable increase of the use of diet/exercise apps on smartphones. Based on channel expansion theory and technology acceptance model (TAM), this study investigated how three predictors-Internet information use efficacy, Internet information credibility, smartphone use efficacy-affected one's attitude toward and intention to use diet/exercise apps. Results from a path analysis indicated that Internet information use efficacy and smartphone use efficacy positively predict the perceived ease of use of diet/exercise apps. Internet information credibility positively predicts the perceived usefulness of such apps. Moreover, there were gender differences in the effects of both Internet information use efficacy and Internet information credibility on the perceived usefulness of diet/exercise apps.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.279-292
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• 2011

Credibility theory is one of the most important theories of actuarial science to calculate the proper insurance premium. In this paper, the rule of relative exposure volume, the square root rule, the B$\"{u}$hlmann credibility and B$\"{u}$hlmann-Straub credibility with the basic concept of credibility have been introduced, Also, we estimate new premiums based on these methods for real data. As a result, the rule of relative exposure volume provides the highest accuracy.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.83-96
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the factors (Credibility, Usability) and user Innovativeness of the ChatGPT on TRA (Theory of Reasoned Action; Subjective Norm, Attitude) and Switching Intention. TRA and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) were used. Research design, data and methodology: From April 26 to 27, 2023, an online panel survey agency was commissioned to conduct a survey of GhatGPT users in their 20s and 40s in Korea, and a total of 210 people were used for the final analysis. Verification of the research model was performed using SPSS and AMOS. Results: First, ChatGPT factors (Credibility, Usability) were found to have positive effects on TRA (Subjective Norm, Attitude). Second, ChatGPT user Innovativeness was found to have a positive effect on TRA (Subjective Norm, Attitude). Third, ChatGPT users' TRA (Subjective Norm, Attitude) were found to have positive effects on Switching Intention. Conclusions: These results mean that the superior Usability and Credibility of ChatGPT and the Innovativeness of users have a significant effect on the Switching Intention from existing Portal Service (Naver, Google, Daum, etc.) to ChatGPT. Generative AI such as ChatGPT should strive to develop various services such as improving the convenience of functions so that innovative users can use them easily and conveniently in order to provide services that meet expectations.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.99-118
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• 2014

Using the theory of attribution, this study investigates the determinants if controllability and explores underlying dimensions of online information credibility, and then investigates if the credibility of online information influences the users' intention to use the online information for evaluating or judging the involved products. Moreover, as a research attempt to investigate the impacts of online information credibility, this study examines whether the main effect of perceived online information credibility on the intention of using online information to make a decision of purchase is mediated by both perceived risk and perceived usefulness. A total of 287 survey forms were collected from online consumers. We examined reliability by exploring internal consistency of the multiple item scales in the overall sample. Convergent and discriminant validity were also examined for evidence of construct validity. Then, PLS technique was employed to test the research model. As a result of analyzing data from a dataset of 287 responses via PLS technique, it is found that (1) both sources (controllability and stability) of perceived credibility are significantly associated with both perceived risk and perceived usefulness, and (2) perceived risk as well as perceived usefulness partially mediate the link between the two sources of credibility and intention to use. The findings of this study also suggest that the two dimensions of online information credibility influence information recipient's intention to use. Moreover, the online information including descriptions about controllability and stability can trigger potential consumers to perceive risk about consumption of the informed products and services. Therefore, providing online information with highly described controllability and stability can increase not only the credibility of the online information itself, but also the intention to use the online information through perceived risk and usefulness.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.713-724
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• 2010

Calculating or estimating the proper insurance premium is very important decision making process for both the policyholder and the insurance company. The credibility theory is one of the most important theories in actuarial science to get the proper premium. In this research, we introduce the rule of relative exposure volume, the square root rule and the B$\ddot{u}$hlmann credibility, and estimate the new premiums based on these methods. By real data analysis, the accuracy of these credibility methods are compared.