• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.374-377
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• 2005

Automobile is in charge of most transportation system in modern urban city. However, in fact, cause of problem of road state, environment, and the other reasons, urban transit system is using as Mass Transit nowadays. Nevertheless Urban transit system is considering many kind of safety fact of that system which is increasing continuously nowadays, it occurs various train accident. This paper describes 3D Dimensional Measurement(EDM testing) and tensile testing results of carbody structure for crashed EMU(Electric Multiple Units). Tensile tests were performed on two different types of specimens in order to evaluate the strength changes before and after damages, obtained from plastic deformed area and nondeformed region of the crashed EMU. And Structural analysis of EMU was performed for the criteria of safety assessment. Structural analysis using commercial I-DEAS software provided important information on the stress distribution and load transfer mechanisms as well as the amount of damages during rolling stock crash. The testing results have been used to provide the critical information for the criteria of safety diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.28-33
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• 2014

Vibro ripper worked by high frequency vibration is developed to do rock fragmentation and work of ripper is the different concept with other existing breakers. The gear box-shank welded joint of vibro ripper is very important part to deliver vibromotive force to tooth, so this part should endure high frequency vibration environments. The purposes of this study are to choose the optimal welding conditions for fatigue strength. The conditions were made using three kind of shank materials and two kind of filler metals. Shank materials are Hadox-hituf, Posten80 and AR400, and filler metals are CSF-71T and CSF-81T. The fatigue test was conducted each condition. Fracture surface was observed to estimate fracture characteristics of welded joint using SEM.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.201-214
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• 2016

The outer tank of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tank is a longitudinally and meridianally pre-stressed concrete (PSC) wall structure. Because of the current trend of constructing larger LNG storage tanks, the pre-stressing forces required to increase wall strength must be significantly increased. Because of the increase in tank sizes and pre-stressing forces, an extreme loading scenario such as a bomb blast or an airplane crash needs to be investigated. Therefore, in this study, the blast resistance performance of LNG storage tanks was analyzed by conducting a blast simulation to investigate the safety of larger LNG storage tanks. Test data validation for a blast simulation of reinforced concrete panels was performed using a specific FEM code, LS-DYNA, prior to a full-scale blast simulation of the outer tank of a 270,000-kL LNG storage tank. Another objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and serviceability of an LNG storage tank with respect to varying amounts of explosive charge. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the design and safety evaluation of PSC LNG storage tanks.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.222-229
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties of 6061 Al foams, which were fabricated by P/M and multi-step induction heating method, and to build the database, which is needed for computer aided modeling or foam components design. Aluminium foams, consisting of solid aluminium and large quantities of porosities, is widely used in automotive, aerospace, naval as well as functional applications because of its high stiffness at very low density, high impact energy absorption, heat and fire resistance, and greater thermal stability than any organic material. In this study, 6061 Al foams were fabricated for variation of fraction of porosities (%) according to porosities (%)-final heating temperature ( $T_{a3}$) curves. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, energy absorption capacity, and efficiency were investigated to evaluate the feasibility of foams as crash energy absorbing components. Moreover, effect of the surface skin thickness on plateau stress and strain sensitivity of the 6061 Al foams with low porosities (%) were studied.d.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.360-363
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• 2007

This paper deals with the dynamic tensile characteristics of the steel sheets for structural members of a train. Train accidents occurs rarely but lead to many casualties and economical loss. Therefore the safety of the train becomes important during the train crash. The dynamic tensile characteristics of the steel sheets are indispensable to analyze the structural crashworthiness. Current research reports the stress-strain curves, fracture elongation and strain rate sensitivities evaluated at the various strain rates especially for SUS304L-ST and SUS304L-LT steel sheets. The results include the difference in the dynamic tensile characteristics of both rolling and transverse directions. Dynamic tensile tests were performed at the strain rates ranging from 0.003/sec to 200/sec using High Speed Material Testing Machine. The materials tested in this research shows interesting behavior at the low strain rates. The strain hardening exponent decreases remarkably while the yield strength increases.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.100-105
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• 2000

In this study the structural design concepts of main parameters of a Cathode Ray Tube(CRT) such as frame spring and shadow mask were proposed to guarantee a failure-proof CRT under mechanical shock. With computer simulation and experiments some information on the structural design concept was obtained as followings: the frame and the shadow mask of the CRT needed designing to increase strength so double-beads shape at the corner of frame was newly designed for it, And the spring which interconnected frame with panel glass was required to deform elastically for the purpose of absorbing the shock energy in the direction of drop. A new type of spring 'twisting spring' was designed to achieve the flexibility in that direction. By using it the deformation energy of a shadow mask could reduced to some degree. To accomplish those simulations commerical codes Pam-Crash and I-DEAS were used and a typical CRT was analyzed as an example to prove the usefulness of this study.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.377-385
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• 2012

In this study, the Impact resistance of steel fiber and organic fiber reinforced concrete and mortar was evaluated and the improvement in toughness resulting from an increase in compressive strength and mixing fiber for impact resistance on performance was examined. The types of fiber were steel fiber, PP and PVA, and these were mixed in at 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 vol.%, respectively. Impact resistance is evaluated with an apparatus for testing impact resistance performance by high-speed projectile crash by gas-pressure. For the experimental conditions, Specimen size was $100{\times}100{\times}20$, 30mm ($width{\times}height{\times}thickness$). Projectile diameter was 7 and 10 mm and impact speed is 350m/s. After impact test, destruction grade, penetration depth, spalling thickness and crater area were evaluated. Through this evaluation, it was found that as compressive strength is increased, penetration is suppressed. In addition, as the mixing ratio of fiber is increased, the spalling thickness and crater area are suppressed. Organic fibers have lower density than the steel fiber, and population number per unit area is bigger. As a result, the improvement of impact resistance is more significant thanks to dispersion and degraded attachment performance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

Increasing the fuel economy has been an inevitable issue for the development of new cars, and one of the important measures to improve the fuel economy is to decrease the vehicle weight. In order to obtain this goal, the researches about lighter, stronger and the well impact absorbing bumper impact beam have been studied without sacrificing bumper safety. In this study, the overall weight reduction possibility of rear bumper impact beam could be examined based on the variation of frontal, offset and corner impact crash capability by substituting a ultra high strength steel material (boron steel ) having tensile strength of 1.5 GPa grade instead of conventional steels. In addition, the section variations (open section, closed section, open section with 5 stays) of the bumper impact beam structure were examined carefully. It could be reached that this analysis could be well established and be contributed for design guide and the optimum design conditions of the automotive rear bumper impact beam development.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.84 no.5
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• pp.619-632
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• 2022

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures may be subjected to sudden dynamic impact loads such as explosions occurring for different reasons, the collision of masses driven by rockfall, flood, landslide, and avalanche effect structural members, the crash of vehicles to the highway and seaway structures. Many analytical, numerical, and experimental studies focused on the behavior of RC structural elements such as columns, beams, and slabs under sudden dynamic impact loads. However, there is no comprehensive study on the behavior of the RC column-beam connections under the effect of sudden dynamic impact loads. For this purpose, an experimental study was performed to investigate the behavior of RC column-beam connections under the effect of low-velocity impact loads. Sixteen RC beam-column connections with a scale of 1/3 were manufactured and tested under impact load using the drop-weight test setup. The concrete compressive strength, shear reinforcement spacing in the beam, and input impact energy applied to test specimens were taken as experimental variables. The time histories of impact load acting on test specimens, accelerations, and displacements measured from the test specimens were recorded in experiments. Besides, shear and bending crack widths were measured. The effect of experimental variables on the impact behavior of RC beam-column connections has been determined and interpreted in detail. Besides, a finite element model has been established for verification and comparison of the experimental results by using ABAQUS software. It has been demonstrated that concrete strength, shear reinforcement ratio, and impact energy significantly affect the impact behavior of RC column-beam connections.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.1854-1862
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• 2024

This study aims to investigate the strain-dependent-deformation property of Gyeongju bentonite buffer material. A series of unconfined compressive tests were performed with cylindrical specimens prepared at varying dry densities (𝜌_d = 1.58 g/cm³ to 1.74 g/cm³) using cold isostatic pressing technique. It is found that as 𝜌_d increase, the unconfined compressive strength (q_u), failure strain, and elastic modulus (E) of Gyeongju compacted bentonite (GCB) increases. Normalized elastic modulus (E_sec/E_max) degradation curves of GCB specimens are fitted using Ramberg-Osgood model and the elastic threshold strain (𝜀_e,th) is determined through the fitted curves. The strain-dependency of E and Poisson's ratio (v) of GCB were observed. E and v were measured constant below 𝜀_e,th of 0.14 %. Then, E decreases while v increases after exceeding the strain threshold. The E_sec/E_max degradation curves of GCB in this study suggests wider linear range and higher linearity than those of sedimentary clay in previous study. On top of that, the influence of 𝜌_d is observed on E_sec/E_max degradation curves of GCB, showing a slight increase in 𝜀_e,th with increase in 𝜌_d. Furthermore, an empirical model of q_u with 𝜌_d and a correlation model between q_u and E are proposed for Gyeongju bentonite buffer materials.