• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.211-223
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• 2013

In Korea, the location of yard tractors is figured out in real time by using RFID system in container terminals. However, even though the location recognition of RFID system works fine when transfer crane is in yard operation, there are some problems when container crane is in ship operation. That is because yard tractors come one by one to each transfer crane in an order, but yard tractors come in 4 lanes to the container crane, which makes the system impossible to recognize each yard tractor separately. Therefore, we developed the infrared-ray communication system which can recognize yard tractors accurately in not only in the yard operation of transfer crane but also in the ship operation of container crane in same way in this study. The result in this study showed constant number of recognition, and the range of recognition measures 5.7m in 25m distance. The range of recognition shown in this study is enough to recognize each yard tractor passing under container crane separately.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.250-256
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• 2009

This paper presents a robotic tower-crane system using encoder and gyroscope sensors as path tracking devices. Tower crane work is often associated with falling accidents and industrial disasters. Such problems often incur a loss of time and money for the contractor. For this reason, many studies have been done on an automatic tower crane. As a part of 5-year 23-million-dollar research project in Korea, we are developing a robotic tower crane which aims to improve the safety level and productivity. We selected a luffing tower crane, which is commonly used in urban construction projects today, as a platform for the robotic tower crane system. This system comprises two modules: the automated path planning module and the path tracking module. The automated path planning system uses the 3D Cartesian coordinates. When the robotic tower crane lifts construction material, the algorithm creates a line, which represents a lifting path, in virtual space. This algorithm seeks and generates the best route to lift construction material while avoiding known obstacles from real construction site. The path tracking system detects the location of a lifted material in terms of the 3D coordinate values using various types of sensors including adopts encoder and gyroscope sensors. We are testing various sensors as a candidate for the path tracking device. This specific study focuses on how to employ encoder and gyroscope sensors in the robotic crane These sensors measure a movement and rotary motion of the robotic tower crane. Finally, the movement of the robotic tower crane is displayed in a virtual space that synthesizes the data from two modules: the automatically planned path and the tracked paths. We are currently field-testing the feasibility of the proposed system using an actual tower crane. In the next step, the robotic tower crane will be applied to actual construction sites with a following analysis of the crane's productivity in order to ascertain its economic efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1016-1026
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to extract protypes from features and concrete images of Lotus and Crane patterns. A qualitative and a quantitative methods were used. Qualitative informations were obtained from depth Interviews for pattern selection and feature extraction, and quantitative informations from a quail-experiment for pattern caregorization. The subjects were 20 female design students and non-design, students in Teajon. The results were summerized into a similarity metrix which was interpreted by the cluster analysis and the multi-dimensional scling(MDS). The patterns for the study were grouped into 8 clusters. Four dimensions were chosen for the MDS. The location of each pattern was visualized in a 2-dimesional spaces and the location of each cluster in a 3-dimensional spaces. The first dimension, "Lotus" vs "Crane" refired to pattern types, and the second dimension, "realistic" vs "transformable", the transformability. The third dimension, "simple" vs "complex", refired to the degree of simplification, and the forth dimension, "continuous" vs "discontinuous", continuity. The results of the Quantitative analysis could be summerized into 3-level prototype hiararchy In the first level, the patterns were devided clearly into two groups. Lotus and Crane by pattern types. In the second levelk, each group was devided into twosubgroups by continuity. In the third, each subgroup was divided into four subgroups by transformability and the degree of simplification. Four protypes, the final targets of the present study, were extracted from the third level. The are Stylized, Realistic, Decorative, Abstract types.d from the third level. The are Stylized, Realistic, Decorative, Abstract types.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.545-550
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• 2011

This paper introduces an Integrated Vision System that enables us to detect the image of slabs and coils and get the complete three dimensional location data without any other obstacles in the field of unmanned-crane automation system. Existing vision system research tends to be easily influenced by the environment of the work place and therefore cannot give the exact location information. To overcome these weaknesses, this paper suggests laser scanners should be combined with a CCD camera named Integrated Vision System. The suggested system is expected to help improve the unmanned-crane automation system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.241-246
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• 2005

This study is carried out to analyze the stability of a container crane in according to the change of a wind direction and a machinery house location when a wind load of a wind velocity, 75m/s was applied on the state stowing a container crane by a heavy wind A design wind load applied to this study was calculated in observance of 'Load Criteria of Building Structure'. And we analyzed the reactions of each supporting points according to appling a wind direction to an interval of $15^{\circ}$ in $0^{\circ}\~180^{\circ}$ and the structure stability of a container crane according to changing a machinery house location occupying $15\%$ of a container crane weight. From a results of this study, we presented a design criteria of an overturning disturbance equipment, tie-down.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2009

This paper is a study on the link composition design of a double link type level luffing jib crane using path generation synthesis passing through three precision points according to parameters, the length of backstay, the ratio of fly jib length between two moving hinges to the total length of fly jib, the location of a intermediate passing point etc. when the maximum and minimum working radius of the crane are given. The performance of the crane depends on the deviation of the luffing trajectory at fly jib tip. The luffing trajectories according to the above parameters are analyzed and shown in graphs by the developed computer program. In a real-life design, some trials are needed to arrive at a proper link composition design. Therefore, it is expected that the present computer program can rapidly and exactly deal with a link composition design proper to the design criteria of the crane.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.627-633
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• 2007

This paper describes position tracking system of a container trailer approaching to a gantry crane for loading or unloading a container into or from a ship, respectively. Proposed position tracking system informs the trailer driver of right position to stop the car under a gantry crane. To measure the location of a trailer, we used Cricket Mote modules which adopted RF and ultrasound technology. We present an elaborate method to improve position errors occurring at sensing and calculate three dimensional position by triangulation along with how to reduce location tracking interval for real-time monitoring. The location information was transmitted to a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) periodically through Bluetooth communication for guidance of the trailer driver. In indoor and outdoor tests, position errors were less than 3 cm and location tracking interval was 0.5 second on average.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.235-240
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• 2005

Articulation type container cranes are the boom forms an inverted L shape when raise. The inner boom section is nearly vertical when raise and the outer boom section is nearly horizontal. Articulation type container cranes were developed as a lower height crane to meet aircraft clearance requirements. Because the height of an Articulation type container crane is about 70m, the crane is subjected to the effect of Wind load. Therefore, the problem on the effect of Wind load is receiving carefully study. The researches for the effect of wind load on the structural stability of a conventional container crane are conducted. In this study, we carried out the investigation for an articulation type container crane. When a wind load is applied to a container crane, we analyzed the reaction force distribution at each supporting point of a crane with respect to a wind load direction and the effect of the change of the machinery house location on the structural stability rf a crane by carrying out Finite Element Analysis.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.420-424
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• 2015

The luffing-tower crane (T/C) is a key facility used in the vertical and horizontal transportation of materials in a tall building construction. Locating the crane in an optimal position is an essential task in the initial stages of construction planning. This paper proposes a new optimization model to locate the luffing T/C in the optimal position to minimize the transportation time. An optimization algorithm, the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm, was used and the results show that HS has high performance characteristics to solve the optimization problem in a short period of time. In a case study, the proposed model offered a better position for T/C than the previous heuristic approach.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.907-910
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• 2007

Recently, a container shipping volume has increased dramatically and continued on a trend of rapid growth, and so the number of container handled at the port increase. therefore, it's increasing about concern of harbor automatism to save distribution costs in harbor. harbor automatism classifies into four large automatism's, gate automatism by using RFID that trailer come with burdening the container to be loaded on ships go though with RFID and Quay-Side container crane automatism that treats cargos loading on ships and automatism of CG that loads containers from yard, and automatism of container transporters that carries containers in between gates. To increase the using efficiency of harbor, detecting exact location of yard crane is very important matter. In this paper, it intends to discuss about yard crane automatism applied UWB Ranging system and bring up the development direction.